FromProto-Hellenic*t(e/i)tʰēmi, fromProto-Indo-European*dʰé-dʰeh₁-ti, reduplicated present from*dʰeh₁-(“to put, place”). The pay/offer senses are from conflation withδίδωμι(dídōmi) in PIE, see Latin-dō.^[1]Cognates includeLatinfaciō,Sanskritदधाति(dadhāti),Old Armenianդնեմ(dnem),Old Englishdōn (Englishdo), andAlbaniandhatë.

τῐ́θημῐ• (tĭ́thēmĭ)

1. toput,place,set
   • 800BCE – 600BCE,Homer,Iliad21.405:

     τόν ῥ’ ἄνδρες πρότεροιθέσαν ἔμμεναι οὖρον ἀρούρης

     tón rh’ ándres próteroithésan émmenai oûron aroúrēs

     [a stone] that men of former dayshad set to be the boundary mark of a field

   • 800BCE – 600BCE,Homer,Odyssey14.518:

     τίθει δ’ ἄρα οἱ πυρὸς ἐγγὺς εὐνήν

     títhei d’ ára hoi puròs engùs eunḗn

     he sprang up andplaced a bed for Odysseus near the fire

   • 431BCE,Euripides,Medea1160:

     χρυσοῦν τεθεῖσα στέφανον ἀμφὶ βοστρύχοις

     khrusoûn tetheîsa stéphanon amphì bostrúkhois

     setting the gold crown around her locks

   1. in phrases
      1. (withπόδα(póda)) to plant the foot, i.e.walk,run
         • 458BCE,Aeschylus,The Eumenides294:

           τίθησιν ὀρθὸν ἢ κατηρεφῆπόδα

           títhēsin orthòn ḕ katērephêpóda

           she is in action or at rest

      2. (withἐν χειρί, ἐν χερσίν(en kheirí, en khersín)) to put something into someone's hands
         • 800BCE – 600BCE,Homer,Iliad1.441:

           Ὀδυσσεὺς πατρὶ φίλῳἐν χερσὶ τίθει

           Odusseùs patrì phílōien khersì títhei

           Odysseusplaced herin the arms of her dear father

      3. (withπαῖδα(paîda),υἱὸν(huiòn), etc.ὑπὸ ζώνῃ(hupò zṓnēi)) to have a child put under one's girdle, i.e. toconceive
         • 7th–6th centuries BC,Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite282:

           ἢν δέ τις εἴρηταί σε καταθνητῶν ἀνθρώπων,
           ἥ τις σοι φίλονυἱὸν ὑπὸ ζώνῃ θέτο μήτηρ

           ḕn dé tis eírētaí se katathnētôn anthrṓpōn,
           hḗ tis soi phílonhuiòn hupò zṓnēi théto mḗtēr

           And if any mortal man ask you whogot your dearson beneath her girdle

      4. (withἐν ὄμμασι(en ómmasi)) to set before one's eyes
         • 522BCE – 443BCE,Pindar,Nemean Ode8.43:

           μαστεύει δὲ καὶ τέρψιςἐν ὄμμασι θέσθαι πιστόν

           masteúei dè kaì térpsisen ómmasi thésthai pistón

           yet delight also seeks toset a trustworthy pledgebefore the eyes

      5. (withψῆφον(psêphon)) to give one's vote or opinion, tovote
         • 458BCE,Aeschylus,Agamemnon816:

           ἀνδροθνῆτας Ἰλίου φθορὰς
           ἐς αἱματηρὸν τεῦχος οὐ διχορρόπως
           ψήφουςἔθεντο

           androthnêtas Ilíou phthoràs
           es haimatēròn teûkhos ou dikhorrhópōs
           psḗphouséthento

           theycast into the bloody urn theirballots for the murderous destroying of Ilium

      6. (withἐν στήθεσσι(en stḗthessi),ἐν φρεσί(en phresí), etc.) to put or plant in one's heart
         • 800BCE – 600BCE,Homer,Iliad13.732:

           ἄλλῳ δ’ἐν στήθεσσι τιθεῖ νόον εὐρύοπα Ζεὺς ἐσθλόν

           állōi d’en stḗthessi titheî nóon eurúopa Zeùs esthlón

           andin the breast of another Zeus, whose voice is borne afar, [he]puts a mind of understanding

      7. (withτὰ ὅπλα(tà hópla))
         1. to rest arms,halt
            • 460BCE – 395BCE,Thucydides,History of the Peloponnesian War4.44.1:

              ὑπεχώρησαν πρὸς τὸν λόφον καὶἔθεντο τὰ ὅπλα

              hupekhṓrēsan pròs tòn lóphon kaìéthento tà hópla

              and they retired to the summit of the ridge, where theygrounded their arms

         2. to bear arms,fight
            • 384BCE – 322BCE,Aristotle,Constitution of the Athenians 8.5:

              ὃς […] μὴθῆται τὰ ὅπλα μηδὲ μεθ’ ἑτέρων, ἄτιμον εἶναι

              hòs[…] mḕthêtai tà hópla mēdè meth’ hetérōn, átimon eînai

              whoever […] did notjoin forces with either party was to be disenfranchised

         3. tolay down one's arms,surrender
            • 100BCE – 1BCE,Diodorus Siculus,20 31
            • 100BCE – 1BCE,Diodorus Siculus,20 45:

              οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Δημήτριον ἐκ διαδοχῆς κινδυνεύοντες καὶ νεαλεῖς ἀεὶ γινόμενοι, διὰ τῶν πετροβόλων ἐρημωθέντος τοῦ τείχους, ἐνέπεσον εἰς τὴν Μουνυχίαν καὶ τοὺς μὲν φρουροὺς ἠνάγκασανθέσθαι τὰ ὅπλα, τὸν δὲ φρούραρχον Διονύσιον ἐζώγρησαν.

              hoi dè perì tòn Dēmḗtrion ek diadokhês kinduneúontes kaì nealeîs aeì ginómenoi, dià tôn petrobólōn erēmōthéntos toû teíkhous, enépeson eis tḕn Mounukhían kaì toùs mèn phrouroùs ēnánkasanthésthai tà hópla, tòn dè phroúrarkhon Dionúsion ezṓgrēsan.

              • 1938 translation by Russell M. Geer

                the men of Demetrius, who were fighting in relays and were continually relieved, after the wall had been cleared by the ballistae, broke into Munychia, forced the garrisonto lay down its arms, and took the commander Dionysius alive.

            • 46CE – 120CE,Plutarch,Moralia 2.759a:

              Ἦ γὰρ οὐχ ὁρᾷς, ὡς ὁ μὲν στρατιώτῆςτὰ ὅπλα θεὶς πέπαυται τῆς πολεμιχῶς μανίας […] ;

              Ê gàr oukh horāîs, hōs ho mèn stratiṓtêstà hópla theìs pépautai tês polemikhôs manías[…]?

              You have observed, have you not, that as soon as the soldierlays down his arms he is relieved from the madness of war […] ?

         4. (withεὖ(eû)) to keep arms in good order
            • 430BCE – 354BCE,Xenophon,Cyropaedia4.5.3:

              τὰ δ’ ἐν ταῖς σκηναῖς αὐτοὶ ὁρᾶτε καὶτὰ ὅπλα εὖ τίθεσθε

              tà d’ en taîs skēnaîs autoì horâte kaìtà hópla eû títhesthe

              but look out for what may happen in the tents andhave your arms stacked conveniently

      8. (withτὰ γόνατα(tà gónata)) tokneel
         • The Gospel of Mark15:19:

           τιθέντες τὰ γόνατα προσεκύνουν αὐτῷ

           tithéntes tà gónata prosekúnoun autōî

           bowing their knees they did homage to him

   2. todeposit
      • 390BCE – 322BCE,Hyperides,Against Athenogenes 5:

        θεὶς ἐπὶ τὴν τράπεζαν τὰς τετταράκοντα μνᾶς

        theìs epì tḕn trápezan tàs tettarákonta mnâs

        Ideposited the forty minas in the bank

   3. topay
      • 384BCE – 322BCE,Demosthenes,Against Androtion 43:

        τὴν εἰσφορὰν μὴτιθέναι

        tḕn eisphoràn mḕtithénai

        to failto pay the property-tax

   4. to put down in writing
      • 428BCE – 347BCE,Plato,Laws793b:

        τε καὶ κειμένων καὶ τῶν ἔτιθησομένων

        te kaì keiménōn kaì tôn étithēsoménōn

        both those already enacted in writing and those stillto be enacted

   5. tobury
      • 800BCE – 600BCE,Homer,Iliad23.83:

        μὴ ἐμὰ σῶν ἀπάνευθετιθήμεναι ὀστέ’ Ἀχιλλεῦ

        mḕ emà sôn apáneuthetithḗmenai osté’ Akhilleû

        Lay not my bones apart from thine, Achilles

   6. tooffer, set before
      • 800BCE – 600BCE,Homer,Iliad23.263:

        ἱππεῦσιν μὲν πρῶτα ποδώκεσιν ἀγλά’ ἄεθλαθῆκε

        hippeûsin mèn prôta podṓkesin aglá’ áethlathêke

        For swift charioteers first heset forth goodly prizes

      • 428BCE – 347BCE,Plato,Laws719a:

        ὁ δὲ προάγων λόγος ὅ γέ μοι ἀπείργασται, βούλομαι ὑμῖν εἰς τὸ μέσον αὐτὸθεῖναι.

        ho dè proágōn lógos hó gé moi apeírgastai, boúlomai humîn eis tò méson autòtheînai.

        Now I wish toput before you what I take to be the result of the foregoing argument.

   7. toassign,award
      • 800BCE – 600BCE,Homer,Iliad24.57:

        εἰ δὴ ὁμὴν Ἀχιλῆϊ καὶ Ἕκτοριθήσετε τιμήν

        ei dḕ homḕn Akhilêï kaì Héktorithḗsete timḗn

        if indeed ye godswill vouchsafe like honour to Achilles and to Hector

      • 800BCE – 600BCE,Homer,Odyssey18.5:

        Ἀρναῖος δ’ ὄνομ’ ἔσκε: τὸ γὰρθέτο πότνια μήτηρ ἐκ γενετῆς:

        Arnaîos d’ ónom’ éske: tò gàrthéto pótnia mḗtēr ek genetês:

        Arnaeus was his name, for this name his honored motherhad given him at his birth.

   8. (often withνόμον(nómon)) tolay down,enact
      • 497BCE – 405BCE,Sophocles,Electra580:

        ὅρατιθεῖσα τόνδε τὸν νόμον βροτοῖς
        μὴ πῆμα σαυτῇ καὶ μετάγνοιαν τιθῇς.

        hóratitheîsa tónde tòn nómon brotoîs
        mḕ pêma sautēî kaì metágnoian tithēîs.

        See that bylaying down such a law for men, you do not lay down trouble and remorse for yourself.

      • 430BCE – 354BCE,Xenophon,Constitution of Sparta15.2:

        ἔθηκε γὰρ θύειν μὲν βασιλέα πρὸ τῆς πόλεως τὰ δημόσια ἅπαντα

        éthēke gàr thúein mèn basiléa prò tês póleōs tà dēmósia hápanta

        Heordained that the King shall offer all the public sacrifices on behalf of the state

      1. (middle voice) toagree upon
         • 384BCE – 322BCE,Demosthenes,Against Phaenippus13:

           ἡμῖν αὐτοῖς συγχωρήσαντεςἐθέμεθα

           hēmîn autoîs sunkhōrḗsantesethémetha

           we fix upon another [day]by mutual agreement

      2. (of a legal document) toexecute
   9. toestablish,institute
      • 458BCE,Aeschylus,Agamemnon845:

        ἀγῶναςθέντες ἐν πανηγύρει βουλευσόμεσθα

        agônasthéntes en panēgúrei bouleusómestha

        we shallestablish open debates and consider

   10. toorder,ordain, cause to happen
       • 800BCE – 600BCE,Homer,Odyssey8.465:

         οὕτω νῦν Ζεὺςθείη, […] οἴκαδέ τ’ ἐλθέμεναι

         hoútō nûn Zeùstheíē,[…] oíkadé t’ elthémenai

         somay Zeusgrant, […] that I may reach my home

       • 458BCE,Aeschylus,Agamemnon1673:

         ἐγὼ καὶ σὺθήσομεν κρατοῦντε τῶνδε δωμάτων καλῶς.

         egṑ kaì sùthḗsomen kratoûnte tônde dōmátōn kalôs.

         I and you will be masters of this house andorder it aright.

       1. (in board games) toplace (pieces)
          • 380BCE,Plato,The Republic604c:

            ὥσπερ ἐν πτώσει κύβων πρὸς τὰ πεπτωκότατίθεσθαι τὰ αὑτοῦ πράγματα

            hṓsper en ptṓsei kúbōn pròs tà peptōkótatíthesthai tà hautoû prágmata

            as it were in the fall of the dice, todetermine the movements of our affairs

2. (copulative) tomake,cause to be
   1. (withattributivesubstantive)
      • 800BCE – 600BCE,Homer,Iliad1.290:

        εἰ δέ μιν αἰχμητὴνἔθεσαν θεοὶ αἰὲν ἐόντες

        ei dé min aikhmētḕnéthesan theoì aièn eóntes

        If the gods who exist for evermade him a spearman

      1. (middle voice) to cause to be one's
         • 800BCE – 600BCE,Homer,Odyssey21.72:

           ἀλλ’ ἐμὲ ἱέμενοι γῆμαιθέσθαι τε γυναῖκα

           all’ emè hiémenoi gêmaithésthai te gunaîka

           save only as desiring to wed me andmake meyour wife

   2. (with infinitive)
      • 431BCE,Euripides,Medea718:

        παύσω γέ σ’ ὄντ’ ἄπαιδα καὶ παίδων γονὰς σπεῖραί σεθήσω

        paúsō gé s’ ónt’ ápaida kaì paídōn gonàs speîraí sethḗsō

        I will put an end to your childlessness andcause you to beget children

   3. toregard,consider as; tohold,reckon that
      • 497BCE – 405BCE,Sophocles,Electra1270:

        δαιμόνιον αὐτὸτίθημ’ ἐγώ.

        daimónion autòtíthēm’ egṓ.

        Iregard itas a work of the divine.

      • 442BCE,Sophocles,Antigone1166:

        τὰς γὰρ ἡδονὰς ὅταν προδῶσιν ἄνδρες, οὐτίθημ’ ἐγὼ ζῆν τοῦτον

        tàs gàr hēdonàs hótan prodôsin ándres, outíthēm’ egṑ zên toûton

        When a man has forfeited his pleasures, Ihold not that he lives

      1. toassume
         • 428BCE – 347BCE,Plato,Phaedo79a:

           θῶμεν οὖν βούλει, ἔφη, δύο εἴδη τῶν ὄντων;

           thômen oûn boúlei, éphē, dúo eídē tôn óntōn?

           "Now," said he, "shall weassume two kinds of existences?"

      2. toaffirm
         • AD 254–270,Plotinus,Enneades5.5.6
3. tomake
   • 800BCE – 600BCE,Homer,Iliad12.418:

     οὔτε γὰρ ἴφθιμοι Λύκιοι Δαναῶν ἐδύναντο
     τεῖχος ῥηξάμενοιθέσθαι παρὰ νηυσὶ κέλευθον

     oúte gàr íphthimoi Lúkioi Danaôn edúnanto
     teîkhos rhēxámenoithésthai parà nēusì kéleuthon

     For neither could the mighty Lycians break the wall of the Danaans, andmake a path to the ships

   1. (inperiphrasis)
      • 800BCE – 600BCE,Homer,Odyssey1.116:

        εἴ ποθεν ἐλθὼν μνηστήρων τῶν μὲν σκέδασιν κατὰ δώματαθείη

        eí pothen elthṑn mnēstḗrōn tôn mèn skédasin katà dṓmatatheíē

        should he perchance come from somewhere andmake a scattering of the wooers in the palace

The first aorist is used only in the indicative, and mostly in the singular and third-person plural.

• Greek:θέτω(théto)

• κεῖμαι(keîmai)

• “τίθημι”, inLiddell & Scott (1940),A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001),A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• G5087 inStrong, James (1979),Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910),English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • appoint idem, page 36.
  • assume idem, page 47.
  • begin idem, page 70.
  • class idem, page 135.
  • commence idem, page 147.
  • deposit idem, page 212.
  • devote idem, page 220.
  • display idem, page 236.
  • enact idem, page 270.
  • establish idem, page 283.
  • evince idem, page 286.
  • exercise idem, page 291.
  • exhibit idem, page 291.
  • frame idem, page 342.
  • hold idem, page 402.
  • imprint idem, page 424.
  • lay idem, page 480.
  • make idem, page 508.
  • manifest idem, page 511.
  • mortgage idem, page 542.
  • offer idem, page 571.
  • ordain idem, page 578.
  • pass idem, page 595.
  • place idem, page 616.
  • plant idem, page 617.
  • posit idem, page 628.
  • postulate idem, page 629.
  • print idem, page 641.
  • put idem, page 660.
  • rank idem, page 671.
  • render idem, page 694.
  • secondary idem, page 747.
  • set idem, page 756.
  • show idem, page 770.
  • time idem, page 875.
  • upside down idem, page 939.
  • wage idem, page 958.
• τίθημι, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese),University of Chicago, since 2011

• Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-
• Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
• Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
• Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
• Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
• Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
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• Ancient Greek copulative verbs
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• Ancient Greek verbs ending in -μῐ

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