Fromπάλαι(pálai,“long ago”) +-ος(-os,“adjectival suffix”).[1] Likely cognate withMycenaean Greek𐀞𐀨𐀍(pa-ra-jo), which has been argued to mean “old”; this connection points to aProto-Hellenic*palai(y)ós and casts doubt on the popularly proposed etymology fromProto-Indo-European*kʷel-.[2]
πᾰλαιός• (pălaiós) m (feminineπᾰλαιᾱ́,neuterπᾰλαιόν);first/second declension
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
| Nominative | πᾰλαιός pălaiós | πᾰλαιᾱ́ pălaiā́ | πᾰλαιόν pălaión | πᾰλαιώ pălaiṓ | πᾰλαιᾱ́ pălaiā́ | πᾰλαιώ pălaiṓ | πᾰλαιοί pălaioí | πᾰλαιαί pălaiaí | πᾰλαιᾰ́ pălaiắ | |||||
| Genitive | πᾰλαιοῦ pălaioû | πᾰλαιᾶς pălaiâs | πᾰλαιοῦ pălaioû | πᾰλαιοῖν pălaioîn | πᾰλαιαῖν pălaiaîn | πᾰλαιοῖν pălaioîn | πᾰλαιῶν pălaiôn | πᾰλαιῶν pălaiôn | πᾰλαιῶν pălaiôn | |||||
| Dative | πᾰλαιῷ pălaiōî | πᾰλαιᾷ pălaiāî | πᾰλαιῷ pălaiōî | πᾰλαιοῖν pălaioîn | πᾰλαιαῖν pălaiaîn | πᾰλαιοῖν pălaioîn | πᾰλαιοῖς pălaioîs | πᾰλαιαῖς pălaiaîs | πᾰλαιοῖς pălaioîs | |||||
| Accusative | πᾰλαιόν pălaión | πᾰλαιᾱ́ν pălaiā́n | πᾰλαιόν pălaión | πᾰλαιώ pălaiṓ | πᾰλαιᾱ́ pălaiā́ | πᾰλαιώ pălaiṓ | πᾰλαιούς pălaioús | πᾰλαιᾱ́ς pălaiā́s | πᾰλαιᾰ́ pălaiắ | |||||
| Vocative | πᾰλαιέ pălaié | πᾰλαιᾱ́ pălaiā́ | πᾰλαιόν pălaión | πᾰλαιώ pălaiṓ | πᾰλαιᾱ́ pălaiā́ | πᾰλαιώ pălaiṓ | πᾰλαιοί pălaioí | πᾰλαιαί pălaiaí | πᾰλαιᾰ́ pălaiắ | |||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| πᾰλαιῶς pălaiôs | πᾰλαίτερος pălaíteros | πᾰλαίτᾰτος pălaítătos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
παλαιός• (palaiós) m (feminineπαλαιά,neuterπαλαιό)
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | παλαιός(palaiós) | παλαιά(palaiá) | παλαιό(palaió) | παλαιοί(palaioí) | παλαιές(palaiés) | παλαιά(palaiá) | |
| genitive | παλαιού(palaioú) | παλαιάς(palaiás) | παλαιού(palaioú) | παλαιών(palaión) | παλαιών(palaión) | παλαιών(palaión) | |
| accusative | παλαιό(palaió) | παλαιά(palaiá) | παλαιό(palaió) | παλαιούς(palaioús) | παλαιές(palaiés) | παλαιά(palaiá) | |
| vocative | παλαιέ(palaié) | παλαιά(palaiá) | παλαιό(palaió) | παλαιοί(palaioí) | παλαιές(palaiés) | παλαιά(palaiá) | |
Notes: there are also rare feminine formsπαλαιή andπαλαιής
Derivations:
Comparative:πιο +positive forms (e.g. πιο παλαιός, etc.)
Relative superlative:definite article + πιο +positive forms (e.g. ο πιο παλαιός, etc.)
Derivations: relative superlative: ο + comparative forms (eg "ο παλαιότερος", etc)
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