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þér

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:yer,ther,YER,-yer,andþer

Icelandic

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Pronunciation

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Rhymes:-ɛːr

Etymology 1

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FromOld Norseþér.

Pronoun

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þér

  1. (personal)dativesingular ofþú
    Hún tók þetta epli fráþér.
    She took this apple fromyou.

Etymology 2

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    FromOld Norseér; the initialþ comes from arebracketing ofð in the second person plural verb ending (e.g.hafið ér → reinterpreted ashafið þér). The Old Norse derives from a variant ofProto-Germanic*jūz, fromProto-Indo-European*yúHs.

    Pronoun

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    þér

    1. (archaic, formal)plural ofþú
    2. (dated, formal)you (theV-form in terms ofT-V distinction)
      • Colossians 3:9
        Ljúgið ekki hver að öðrum, þvíþér hafið afklæðst hinum gamla manni með gjörðum hans.
        Do not lie to each other, sinceyou have taken off your old self with its practices.
      Hvað hugsiðþér?
      What doyou think?
      Veriðþér sælar, frú mín góð.
      Good day toyou, milady.
    Usage notes
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    As a formalV-form pronoun,þér can have a singular or plural referent, but is always grammatically plural, similar to DanishDe, GermanSie, Frenchvous, etc. This pronoun has fallen out of everyday use, but lingers in the raw plural sense in biblical language, and finds occasional use as a V-form.

    Declension
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    Icelandic honorific pronouns
    pluralfirst personsecond person
    nominativevérþér
    accusativeossyður
    dativeossyður
    genitivevoryðar

    See alsopersonal pronouns.

    Old Norse

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    Etymology 1

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    FromProto-Norse*ᚦᛖᛉ(*þeʀ),Proto-Germanic*þiz, dative of*þū.

    Pronunciation

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    • (12th century Icelandic)IPA(key): /ˈθeːr/

    Pronoun

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    þér

    1. dative ofþú
    Descendants
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    Etymology 2

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    From earlierér, fromProto-Germanic*jīz, Northwest Germanic form of*jūz, fromProto-Indo-European*yúHs. The initialþ comes from a pervasivesandhi effect, triggered by word-finalð in the second person plural verb endings (e.g.hafið ér → reinterpreted ashafiðþér).

    Alternative forms

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    Pronunciation

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    • (12th century Icelandic)IPA(key): /ˈθeːr/

    Pronoun

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    þér(Old West Norse)

    1. you(plural);ye
    Declension
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    Old Norse personal pronouns
    singularfirst personsecond personreflexivethird person
    masculinefeminineneuter
    nominativeekþúhannhon,hón,hǫ́nþat
    accusativemikþiksikhannhana,hánaþat
    dativemérþérsérhánum,hónum,hǫ́numhenniþví
    genitivemínþínsínhanshennarþess
    dualfirst personsecond personreflexive
    nominativevitit,þit
    accusativeokkrykkrsik
    dativeokkrykkrsér
    genitiveokkarykkarsín
    pluralfirst personsecond personreflexivethird person
    masculinefeminineneuter
    nominativevérér,þérþeirþærþau
    accusativeossyðrsikþáþærþau
    dativeossyðrsérþeimþeimþeim
    genitiveváryðar,yðvarsínþeira,þeirraþeira,þeirraþeira,þeirra
    Descendants
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    Further reading

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    • Byock, Jesse L. (2013)Viking Language 1: Learn Old Norse, Runes, and Icelandic Sagas,→ISBN, page 373
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=þér&oldid=88308716"
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