| newton-second | |
|---|---|
| General information | |
| Unit system | SI |
| Unit of | impulse andmomentum |
| Symbol | N⋅s |
| Named after | Isaac Newton |
| InSI base units: | kg⋅m/s |
Thenewton-second (alsonewton second; symbol:N⋅s orN s)[1] is the unit ofimpulse in theInternational System of Units (SI). It isdimensionally equivalent to themomentum unitkilogram-metre per second (kg⋅m/s). One newton-second corresponds to a one-newton force applied for onesecond.
It can be used to identify the resultant velocity of a mass if a force accelerates the mass for a specific time interval.
Momentum is given by the formula:
This table gives the magnitudes of some momenta for various masses andspeeds.
| Mass (kg) | Speed (m/s) | Momentum (N⋅s) | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.42 | 2.4 | 1 | A 420-gram (15 oz) football (FIFA specified weight for outdoor size 5) kicked to a speed of 8.6 km/h (5.3 mph). |
| 0.42 | 38 | 16 | The momentum of the famous football kick of the Brazilian playerRoberto Carlos in the match against France in 1997. The football had a speed of 137 km/h (85 mph), making it one of the hardest kicks measured. |
| 1300 | 10 | 13000 | A four-door car weighing1300 kg (2900 lb) crashing at 36 km/h (22 mph). |
| 2000 | 10 | 20000 | A mid-size SUV weighing2000 kg (4400 lb) crashing at 36 km/h (22 mph). |
| 6 | 1 | 6 | The total impulse of aclass C model rocket engine, which can be found in amateur fireworks. |
| 10 | 2 | 20 | The total impulse of aclass D model rocket engine, which also can be found in amateur fireworks. |
| 132500 | 8050 | 1.07×109 | Space Shuttle launched from Earth to orbit[a] |
| 45702 | 10834 | 4.95×108 | Apollo 11 launched from Earth to orbit |
| 0.0075 | 350 | 2.6 | A 7.5-gram (0.26 oz) handgun bullet (e.g.9mm Parabellum) fired at 350 m/s (1100 ft/s). |
| 0.004 | 945 | 3.8 | A 4-gram (0.14 oz) rifle bullet (e.g.5.56×45mm NATO) fired at 945 m/s (3100 ft/s). |
| 0.05 | 860 | 43 | A 50-gram (1.8 oz)anti-material bullet (e.g..50 BMG) fired at 860 m/s (2800 ft/s). |
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