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Infilmmaking andtelevision production,zooming is the technique of changing thefocal length of azoom lens (and hence theangle of view) during ashot – this technique is also called azoom. The technique allows a change fromclose-up towide shot (or vice versa) during a shot, giving a cinematographic degree of freedom. But unlike changes in camera position, zooming does not change the perspective (the relative sizes of near and far objects); it only magnifies or reduces the size of the entire image as a whole.
Zooming can either be performed towards longer focal lengths, giving a "zoom in" effect: The filmed object will then increase in apparent size, and fewer objects become visible on film. Or it is performed towards shorter focal lengths, giving a "zoom out" effect: The filmed object will shrink in apparent size, and more objects come into view.
The speed of the zoom allows for a further degree of cinematographic freedom. Combined with adolly camera move it is possible to create thedolly zoom effect.[1][self-published source?]
Noticeablecinematographic examples for the use of slow zooms include the 1975 filmBarry Lyndon byStanley Kubrick, the 1979 filmStalker byAndrei Tarkovsky, and the 1994 filmSátántangó byBéla Tarr.
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