Zhvanets Жванець | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Zhvanets  Zhvanets | |
| Coordinates:48°33′00″N26°29′15″E / 48.55000°N 26.48750°E /48.55000; 26.48750 | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast | Khmelnytskyi Oblast |
| Raion | Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion |
| Hromada | Zhvanets rural hromada |
| Established | 15th century |
| First mentioned | 1431 |
| Area | |
• Total | 2.995 km2 (1.156 sq mi) |
| Population (2001) | |
• Total | 1,529 |
| • Density | 510.5/km2 (1,322/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Postal code | 32365 |
| Area code | +380 3849 |
| Website | [1] |
Zhvanets (Ukrainian:Жванець) is a village (aselo) inKamianets-Podilskyi Raion (district) ofKhmelnytskyi Oblast inwestern Ukraine. It hosts the administration ofZhvanets rural hromada, one of thehromadas of Ukraine.[1] The village's population was 1,529 as of the2001 Ukrainian census.[2]
Żwaniec, as it was known in Polish, was first mentioned in 1431, when the knight Svychko (or Svichka) received this settlement from Polish KingWładysław II Jagiełło.[3][4] It was established in an unpopulated area in the 15th century.[4] Later on, it passed to the Jazłowiecki, Sroczycki,Koniecpolski andLanckorońskinoble families.[3] Administratively it was located in thePodolian Voivodeship in theLesser Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland. In the 15th century, the Zhvanets Castle was built, which was repeatedly rebuilt in the 16th and 17th centuries and was significantly destroyed during the 20th century.
In 1620, theTurks and Tatars invaded Podolia having destroyed the fortress. The following year, 40,000 troops led by a Ukrainian Hetman of Zaporozhian CossacksPetro Konashevych-Sahaidachny joined Zhvanets and took part in theKhotyn War.
In 1646, KingWładysław IV Vasa granted ŻwaniecMagdeburg rights. It was aprivate town.
In the autumn of 1653, the troops ofJohn II Casimir Vasa andBohdan Khmelnytsky met near the city duringKhmelnytsky Uprising resulting in theSiege of Zhvanets. In 1672, Ottoman SultanMehmed IV invaded and seized the town.[3][4] The castle was converted into a prison for captive Poles, including merchants fromKamieniec Podolski,[5] thus, during theBattle of Chocim of 1673, it was destroyed by the order ofJohn III Sobieski.[3] During thePolish–Ottoman War of 1683–1699, John III Sobieski returned to Żwaniec in 1684, and the armies ofGreat Crown HetmanStanisław Jan Jabłonowski and Lithuanian Great HetmanKazimierz Jan Sapieha joined forces there.[3][6] After the Polish victory in the war, the return of Żwaniec to Poland was confirmed in 1699.[3] After the war, the devastated border town was re-settled by newcomers fromPrzemyśl andSanok,Armenians from Kamieniec Podolski andGreeks fromChocim, with the latter two groups specializing in trade.[7] The town was visited by KingStanisław August Poniatowski in 1781.[8][9]
The town was annexed byRussia in theSecond Partition of Poland in 1793. A customs chamber was established in the town, which was abolished in 1812.[9] The town was visited by EmperorsAlexander I of Russia andNicholas I of Russia in 1818 and 1843, respectively.[8]
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In early August 1914, the town was occupied by Austro-Hungarian troops, but then again occupied by Russian army. In February 1918, it was again captured by Austro-Hungarian troops. At the end of 1918, the town was captured by the troops of theDirectory. In 1920, the town was administratively part of thePodolian District of newly reborn Poland, before it passed toSoviet Ukraine, and afterwards it was located near Ukraine'stripoint with Poland andRomania.
DuringWorld War II, it was occupied byNazi Germany from 1941 to 1944.
August 24, 1991, the village Zhvanets became part of the independent country ofUkraine.
Since September 8, 2017, through the merger of village councils, Zhvanets has become the center of the community of the same name.
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