Min dialect islands in Zhongshan: (1) Longdu, (2) Nanlang, (3) Sanxiang

Zhongshan Min (simplified Chinese:中山闽语;traditional Chinese:中山閩語), known asCunhua (村话;村話) by its speakers,^[5] are threeMin Chinese dialect islands in theZhongshan region of the southernChinese province ofGuangdong. The Zhongshan Min people settled in the region fromFujian Province as early as theNorthern Song dynasty period (1023–1031).^[5]The three dialects are:^[1][5]

• Longdu dialect, spoken mainly inShaxi andDachong in the west of the prefecture,
• Nanlang dialect or Dongxiang dialect, spoken mainly inNanlang and Zhangjiabian in the east, and
• Sanxiang dialect, spoken inSanxiang in the south.

According toNicholas Bodman, the Longdu and Nanlang dialects belong to theEastern Min group, while the Sanxiang dialect belongs toSouthern Min.^[6][7] All three have been heavily influenced by theShiqi dialect, the local variety ofYue Chinese.^[8]

As the dialect with the most speakers, the Longdu dialect may be taken as the representative dialect of Zhongshan Min.^[9]

• Bodman, Nicholas C. (1982)."The Namlong Dialect, a Northern Min Outlier in Zhongshan Xian and the Influence of Cantonese on its Lexicon and Phonology"(PDF).Tsing Hua Journal of Chinese Studies.14 (1):1–19. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2020-02-03.
• Bodman, Nicholas C. (1985). "The Reflexes of Initial Nasals in Proto-Southern Min-Hingua". In Acson, Veneeta; Leed, Richard L. (eds.).For Gordon H. Fairbanks. Oceanic Linguistics Special Publications. Vol. 20. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 2–20.ISBN 978-0-8248-0992-8.JSTOR 20006706.
• Gao, Ran (2002).中山閩語的聲調與閩、粵語聲調的關係 [The tones of Zhongshan Min and the relationship between Min and Yue tones]. In Ting, Pang-hsin; Chang, Song-hing (eds.).閩語研究及其與周邊方言的關係 [The Study of Min Dialects and Its Relationship with Other Peripheral Dialects] (in Chinese). Hong Kong: Chinese University Press. pp. 115–126.ISBN 9789622019966.OCLC 50568616.
• Editorial Board of the Gazetteer of Zhongshan City, ed. (2012).方言 [Topolects].中山市志 1979–2005 [Gazetteer of Zhongshan City 1979–2005] (in Chinese). Guangzhou: Guangdong People's Publishing House. pp. 1522–1559.

• List of Chinese dialects § Min

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