| Ameer ofJamiat Ulema-e-Islam | |
|---|---|
| In office 1949–1956 | |
| Preceded by | Shabbir Ahmad Usmani |
| Succeeded by | Ahmed Ali Lahori |
| Personal life | |
| Born | 4 October 1892 [13th of Rabi’ al-Awwal, 1310 AH] Deoband,India |
| Died | 1974 Pakistan |
| Era | Modern |
| Region | Indian subcontinent |
| Political party | Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam |
| Main interest(s) | Jurisprudence Pakistan Movement activist |
| Notable work(s) | I'la al-Sunan |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Muslim leader | |
| Teacher | Ashraf Ali Thanwi |
Influenced by | |
Influenced
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| Part ofa series on the |
| Deobandi movement |
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| Ideology and influences |
| Founders and key figures |
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| Notable institutions |
| Centres (markaz) of Tablighi Jamaat |
| Associated organizations |
| Deobandi jihadism |
| Deobandi jihadism: |
Zafar Ahmad Usmani (also known asZafar Ahmad Thanwi) (Arabic:ظفر أحمد العثماني) (4 October 1892 – 1974), was a 20th CenturySunni MuslimJurist who became an influential figure of theHanafischool of Sunni jurisprudence'sDeobandi Movement. He also was a prominentPakistan Movement activist.[1][2]
He is most famous for having written I'la Al-Sunan, a 20 volume Hadith encyclopedia of Hanafi proofs, written as a refutation by the Hanafi school against the objections raised by the growingAhl-i Hadith movement, as per the request of his uncleAshraf Ali Thanwi.[3]
Zafar Ahmad Usmani was born on 4 October 1892 inDeoband. Hisism (given name) was Zafar Ahmad. Hisnasab (patronymic) is: Zafar Ahmad ibn Lateef Ahmad ibn Nehal Ahmad ibn Karamat Hussain ibn Nabi Bakhsh ibn Hayātullah ibn Ināyatullah ibn Laqā'ullāh ibn Ihsānullāh ibn Nasīrullah ibn Dīwān Lutfullah ibn Owais ibn Ahmad ibn Abd al-Razzāq ibn Muhammad Hasan ibn Habībullah ibn Usmān ibn Ali ibn Shaykh Muhammad ibn Fazlullāh ibn Abu al-Wafā Usmāni.[4]
After the death of his mother when he was 3, he was raised by his grandmother, considered to be a religious woman. He started studying and memorizing the Quran at the age of 5. At age 7, he studiedMathematics,Urdu, andPersian under Mawlana Muhammad Yasin. His uncle,Ashraf Ali Thanwi guided him as he studied with more religious scholars.[5]
In Pakistan, he became a close associate of MaulanaShabbir Ahmad Usmani and an active member ofJamiat Ulema-e-Islam founded by him. After the death ofShabbir Ahmad Usmani in 1949, he and Maulana Ehteshamul Haq Thanvi became key leaders of this party.[1][6]
Usmani's most famous work isI’la’ al-Sunan, which is a Hadith Commentary that connects the opinions of this Hanafi's book with direct evidence from the Hadiths.[7] The reason for this was that theAhl-i Hadith movement was growing and bringing their objections, and MaulanaAshraf Ali Thanwi asked his nephew to respond. The book was first printed in 1923.[8] It consists of 21 volumes.[3]
At theindependence of Pakistan ceremony in 1947,Quaid-e-AzamMuhammad Ali Jinnah asked the renowned religious scholarMaulana Shabbir Ahmad Usmani to hoist the Pakistani flag inKarachi and he asked Zafar Ahmad Usmani to hoist it inDhaka. Also, since Zafar Ahmad Usmani was a jurist, he was selected to take oath from the firstChief Justice of Pakistan,Abdul Rashid.[2][11]
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