Yunfu 云浮市 | |
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 Yunfu in 2013. Bridge over Nanshan river. | |
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 Location of Yunfu in Guangdong | |
  Yunfu Location in China | |
| Coordinates (Yunfu administrative service center (云浮市人民政府行政服务中心)):22°54′55″N112°02′40″E / 22.9152°N 112.0445°E /22.9152; 112.0445 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Guangdong |
| County-level divisions | 5 |
| Township divisions | 112 |
| Incorporated as Linyun County | 111 CE |
| Yunfu County formed | May 1914 |
| Promoted to prefecture-level city | April 5, 1994 |
| City seat | Yuncheng District |
| Government | |
| Area | |
| 7,813.4 km2 (3,016.8 sq mi) | |
| Elevation | 133 m (436 ft) |
| Population (2020 census) | |
| 2,383,400 | |
| • Density | 305.04/km2 (790.05/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 369,321 |
| GDP[1] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 113.9 billion US$ 17.7 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 47,685 US$ 7,391 |
| Time zone | China Standard |
| Area code | 766 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-GD-53 |
| License Plate | 粤W |
| MajorNationalities | Han |
| Website | Official website |
| Yunfu | |||||||||||||||||||||
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 "Yunfu", as written in Chinese calligraphy | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 云浮 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 雲浮 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Hanyu Pinyin | Yúnfú | ||||||||||||||||||||
| CantoneseYale | Wàhnfàuh | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Postal | Wanfow | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | Cloud Drift | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Yunfu (simplified Chinese:云浮;traditional Chinese:雲浮;pinyin:Yúnfú),formerlyromanized asWanfow, and historically known asDong'an (simplified Chinese:东安;traditional Chinese:東安;pinyin:Dōng'ān), which wasformerly romanized asTong On, from 1578 to 1913, is aprefecture-level city in westernGuangdongprovince,People's Republic of China. It bordersZhaoqing to the north,Foshan to the east,Jiangmen to the southeast,Yangjiang to the south,Maoming to the southwest, and theautonomous region ofGuangxi to the west. The city spans an area of 7,786.64 square kilometres (3,006.44 sq mi), and has a population of 2,383,400 according to a 2021 publication by the city government.[2]
The area of present-day Yunfu belonged to theBaiyue prior to the advent of theQin dynasty, when much of Yunfu came under the jurisdiction ofGuilin Commandery, while some of the area belonged toNanhai Commandery.[3] During portions of theHan dynasty, the area belonged to the kingdom ofNanyue.[3] Following the fall of the Nanyue in 111 CE, the area of present-dayXinxing County was incorporated into theWestern Han dynasty as Linyun County (Chinese:临允县).[3]
Under theJin dynasty, in 280 CE, the area of present-dayYunan County was organized as Duluo County (Chinese:都罗县).[3] In 349 CE, the area of present-day Yunan County was reorganized as Jinhua County (Chinese:晋化县).[3] Two years later, the area of present-day Xinxing County was reorganized asXinning Commandery [zh], which governed three counties: Xinxing County (Chinese:新兴县), Nanxing County (Chinese:南兴县), and Dandie County (Chinese:单牒县).[3] During the final years of the Jin dynasty, from 416 CE to 420 CE, Longxiang County (Chinese:龙乡县) and Furuan County (Chinese:夫阮县) were established in present-dayLuoding.[3]
During theNorthern and Southern dynasties period, the area of present-day Yunfu was governed by theSouthern Song dynasty from 420 CE to 479 CE, then by theSouthern Qi dynasty from 479 CE to 502 CE, and finally by theLiang dynasty from 502 CE to 557 CE.[3] From 557 CE to 589 CE, the area was ruled by theChen dynasty.[3]
The area was incorporated into theTang dynasty in 618 CE.,[3] Following theFive Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, the area was conquered by theSong dynasty (not to be confused with the aforementioned Song dynasty which ruled portions of Southern China during the 5th century CE).[3]
Shortly after the creation of theRepublic of China in 1912, republican officials reorganized the area multiple times.[3] In January 1914, Xining County was renamed toYunan County (which it is still called today), and in May 1914 Dong'an County was renamed to Yunfu County.[3]
Yunfu was promoted to aprefecture-level city on April 5, 1994.[3]
In September 2014, Yun'an was promoted from acounty to adistrict.[3]
67.39% of Yunfu's area is forested.[2] TheXi River runs through Yunfu.[2]
Yunfu is considered sub-tropical and enjoys fine weather year-round, characterized by mild air temperatures, plentiful rainfall and sunshine, with an annual average temperature of 22 °C, annual average rainfall of 1,580mm and annual average sunshine hours of 1,418. The time-space distribution of rainfall is uneven in a year. It is overcast and dry in spring, hot and rainy in the summer, cool in autumn, and dry and sunny in winter.
| Climate data for Yunfu, elevation 101 m (331 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 28.7 (83.7) | 32.6 (90.7) | 34.0 (93.2) | 35.8 (96.4) | 36.1 (97.0) | 37.5 (99.5) | 38.3 (100.9) | 39.1 (102.4) | 38.1 (100.6) | 35.3 (95.5) | 33.3 (91.9) | 29.6 (85.3) | 39.1 (102.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 18.1 (64.6) | 19.8 (67.6) | 22.2 (72.0) | 26.7 (80.1) | 30.4 (86.7) | 32.5 (90.5) | 33.5 (92.3) | 33.2 (91.8) | 31.6 (88.9) | 29.0 (84.2) | 24.9 (76.8) | 20.2 (68.4) | 26.8 (80.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 13.2 (55.8) | 15.1 (59.2) | 18.0 (64.4) | 22.4 (72.3) | 25.7 (78.3) | 27.6 (81.7) | 28.3 (82.9) | 28.0 (82.4) | 26.6 (79.9) | 23.5 (74.3) | 19.3 (66.7) | 14.7 (58.5) | 21.9 (71.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 10.0 (50.0) | 12.0 (53.6) | 15.2 (59.4) | 19.4 (66.9) | 22.5 (72.5) | 24.5 (76.1) | 24.9 (76.8) | 24.7 (76.5) | 23.2 (73.8) | 19.7 (67.5) | 15.4 (59.7) | 11.0 (51.8) | 18.5 (65.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 1.0 (33.8) | 2.1 (35.8) | 2.9 (37.2) | 8.6 (47.5) | 13.3 (55.9) | 17.8 (64.0) | 20.9 (69.6) | 21.9 (71.4) | 15.1 (59.2) | 9.3 (48.7) | 3.8 (38.8) | −1.3 (29.7) | −1.3 (29.7) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 54.5 (2.15) | 48.1 (1.89) | 88.4 (3.48) | 167.5 (6.59) | 217.0 (8.54) | 242.8 (9.56) | 211.2 (8.31) | 251.2 (9.89) | 180.3 (7.10) | 69.4 (2.73) | 43.2 (1.70) | 38.7 (1.52) | 1,612.3 (63.46) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 9.1 | 10.5 | 15.5 | 16.1 | 17.8 | 19.3 | 17.4 | 17.7 | 12.5 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 153.9 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 78 | 80 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 80 | 82 | 80 | 75 | 75 | 74 | 80 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 87.8 | 71.3 | 56.8 | 80.3 | 118.8 | 141.3 | 177.2 | 170.6 | 156.6 | 165.3 | 142.4 | 126.4 | 1,494.8 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 26 | 22 | 15 | 21 | 29 | 35 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 46 | 43 | 38 | 34 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[4][5] | |||||||||||||
Theprefecture-level city of Yunfu administers 5county-level divisions, including 2district, 1county-level city and 2counties.
| Map | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010 census) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) |
| Yuncheng District | 云城区 | Yúnchéng Qū | 314,188 | 762 | 412 |
| Yun'an District | 云安区 | Yún'ān Qū | 269,736 | 1,231 | 219 |
| Xinxing County | 新兴县 | Xīnxīng Xiàn | 428,410 | 1,520 | 282 |
| Yunan County | 郁南县 | Yùnán Xiàn | 388,727 | 1,966 | 198 |
| Luoding | 罗定市 | Luódìng Shì | 959,067 | 2,300 | 417 |
According to the city government, 420,000overseas Chinese hail from Yunfu.[2]
Yunfu is home to 39ethnic minorities, which comprise a total population of 14,038.[6] The largest ethnic minorities in Yunfu are theZhuang,Yao,Dong, and theMiao.[6] While many of Yunfu's ethnic minorities recently moved to the city due to marriage and work, there are large concentrations of indigenous minorities in two villages in Yunfu: Hejiang Village (Chinese:合江村) inJiayi [zh],Luoding, and Dalin Village (Chinese:大林村) inBaozhu [zh],Yunan County.[6]
Several languages are commonly spoken in Yunfu, including theYunfu Dialect (Chinese:云浮白话) ofCantonese,Hakka,Min-nan, and theTaigu Dialect (Chinese:㑷古话).[6] The Yunfu Dialect is the most commonly spoken in Yunfu, followed by Hakka.[6] The city's Min-nan speakers are concentrated in certain areas, including thetowns ofLiantan [zh] andDongba [zh] inYunan County, Zhaitang Village (Chinese:寨塘村) in the town ofFulin [zh],Yun'an District, and the towns ofTaiping [zh],Luoping [zh],Chuanbu [zh], andLiangtang [zh] inLuoding.[6] Speakers of the Taigu Dialect are largely concentrated in thetownship-level divisions ofWeidi [zh],Sulong Subdistrict [zh], Taiping, Luoping,Huashi [zh],Luojing [zh],Fenjie [zh],Pingtang [zh], andShuangdong Subdistrict [zh] in Luoding.[6]
Yunfu has a total land area of 7,785.16 square kilometres (3,005.87 sq mi),[2] including 1,868,200mu (124,550 hectares) cultivated land, 1,353,700 mu (90,247 ha) paddy field.[citation needed] In the total area, the mountainous area takes up 60.5%, the hilly area takes up 30.7%, making Yunfu a typical mountainous city.[citation needed] The city's total population is 2,600,900 people, of which the nonagricultural population is 887,000 people and the agricultural population 1,713,900 people, the per capita cultivated area is 0.718 mu.[citation needed]
More than 670 types of plants used intraditional Chinese medicine are found in Yunfu.[2]
Yunfu's city government states that there are over 50 types of mineral resources in Yunfu, includinggold,silver,copper,iron,marble,granite,limestone, andpyrite.[2] Other proven minerals in Yunfu include tin, lead, zinc and manganese, sillimanite, dolomite, barite, talc, kaolin, limestone, clay, rammell, potassium feldspar, and mineral water.[citation needed] The area's particularly large deposits of pyrite makes itChina's largestsulfide producing region.[2] Yunfu serves as a regional center of stone mining and stone carving.[2] By the end of 2002, there were totally 254 certified mines throughout the city.[citation needed]
Major tourist attractions in the city include theSixth Patriarch's Hometown Tourist Resort (Chinese:六祖故里旅游度假区), Jinshuitai Hot Springs Scenic Area (Chinese:金水台温泉景区), Tianlu Mountain Tourist Resort (Chinese:天露山旅游度假区), and Panlong Cave Scenic Area (Chinese:蟠龙洞景区).[2]
Yunfu is home to threetertiary education institutions, enrolling 13,000 students.[2] The city has 121secondary schools, including 15vocational schools, enrolling 164,100 students.[2] Yunfu also has 174primary schools with 258,600 students.[2]
The city has 6 art galleries and cultural centers, 6 public libraries, and 5 museums.[2]
Yunfu has 89 medical institutions, with 10,364 beds.[2]
With 324 National Highway running through the whole prefecture, cement-paved roads are accessible to each single township and village.[citation needed] Guangzhou-Wuzhou Expressway linking Guangdong and Guangxi is also connected to Yunfu which will further be united with Yulin and Wuzhou in Guangxi as well as the expressway network in southwest China.[citation needed] Sanshui-Maoming Railway also passes the whole municipality, which will be eventually linked to Luoyang-Zhanjiang Railway in 2008.[citation needed]
TheXi River has 100 kilometers of waterway, enabling direct cargo freight to Hong Kong.[citation needed] The Yunfu New Port (Chinese:云浮新港), along the Xi River, serves asGuangdong's largestinland port.[2]
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