Yuly Rybakov | |
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Юлий Рыбаков | |
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| Member of theState Duma | |
| In office 1993–2003 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1946-02-25)25 February 1946 (age 79) Mariinsk, Kemerovo Oblast, Soviet Union |
| Occupation | Human rights activist, public and political figure |
Yuly Andreyevich Rybakov (Russian:Юлий Андреевич Рыбаков; born 25 February 1946) is a Russianhuman rights activist, a former member of theState Duma (1993–2003), a former Chairman of the Subcommittee on Human Rights (2000–2003), the founder of the magazine "Terra incognita", and a former political prisoner.[1]
Rybakov was born in 1946 inMariinsk, Kemerovo Oblast in Siberia, at acamp for political prisoners, to a family of naval officers from Saint Petersburg. His parents were illegally purged. In 1974, Rybakov finished art school, college, and later studied at theIlya Repin Leningrad Institute for Painting.
He was arrested by theKGB in 1976 for taking part in the dissident movement for human rights, as well as the distribution ofAleksandr Solzhenitsyn's books, leaflets and creating slogans (such as the inscription on the wall of the bastion of the Czar'sPeter and Paul Fortress: "you may crucify freedom, but the human soul knows no shackles"). He was arrested under the 70th ("anti-Soviet") article of the Criminal Code.[2][3][4] Rybakov was convicted for a particularly daring act of "hooliganism" and embezzlement to six years imprisonment at a stronger prison regime.[5] In 1982, he returned to Leningrad and studied law. In 1988, he became one of the organizers and leaders of the Leningrad branch of theDemocratic Union Party, which stated publicly its goal to eliminate the Communist Party's monopoly on power and establish democracy in Russia.
In 1990, he was elected to the Leningrad City Council, and organized the first state commission on human rights. In 1993, Rybakov was elected to theState Duma. After the death ofGalina Starovoytova, he headed theDemocratic Russia Party. He resigned as chairman in October 2000. In the same year, he was elected to the State Duma of III convocation. In March 2010, he signed an address of the Russian opposition, entitledPutin Must Go.
In 1995, in the midst ofBudyonnovsk hospital hostage crisis, Rybakov, together with the State DumaSergei Kovalev and Viktor Kurochkin, on behalf of Prime MinisterViktor Chernomyrdin negotiated withShamil Basayev, who seized the hospital. The talks failed to agree on the release of most hostages – to ensure the safety of terrorists along with them on the buses back to Chechnya, only 140 volunteers were to go, including negotiators. In the village of Zandag, Rybakov was released along with the other hostages.
In 1990, Rybakov created the first Soviet Human Rights Commission. Member of the International Society for Human Rights, the editorial board of the journals "The Edge" and "Seeding" partnership "Free Culture".
During thewar in Chechnya from 1996–1999, Rybakov participated in the liberation of 2,500 servicemen who were in Chechen captivity.
From 2000 to 2003, he was chairman of the Subcommittee on Human Rights of theState Duma.
Since 2006, he was member of theYabloko Party, co-chair the human rights group in the party Yabloko.
Since 2007, he has not been in a political party.
In June 2007, the "Human Rights Council of St. Petersburg" was formed, which included several human rights organizations and defenders such as Rybakov, Yuriy Nesterov, Natalia Evdokimova and Leonid Romankov.[6]
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