Youyang 酉阳县 ·youvyanr xanf Yuyang | |
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酉阳土家族苗族自治县 youvyanr bifzivkar befkar zifzifxanf Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County | |
 Gongtan Ancient Town | |
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 Location of Youyang County in Chongqing | |
| Coordinates:28°53′19″N108°45′50″E / 28.8886°N 108.764°E /28.8886; 108.764 | |
| Country | China |
| Municipality | Chongqing |
| County seat | Taohuayuan Subdistrict |
| Area | |
• Total | 5,173 km2 (1,997 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 census)[1] | |
• Total | 607,338 |
| • Density | 117.4/km2 (304.1/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Website | youyang |
Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, orYouyang County for short (simplified Chinese:酉阳土家族苗族自治县;traditional Chinese:酉陽土家族苗族自治縣;pinyin:YǒuYáng Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn) is located in southeasternChongqingMunicipality, southwest China, bordering the provinces ofHunan to the east andGuizhou to the southwest.
The county spans an area of 5,173 km2 (1,997 sq mi), and has a population of approximately 854,400 people as of 2018.[2][3]
Youyang was known as Youzhou in ancient times.[citation needed]
Youyang Tujia Miao Autonomous County is located east ofWu River and west ofYoushui River [zh].[2] It is the largestcounty-level division of Chongqing, having an area of 5,173 km2 (1,997 sq mi).[2]
The county contains about 1.5939 million mu (1,062.6 km2 or 410.3 sq mi) ofarable land, 4.46 million mu (2,973.3 km2 or 1,148.0 sq mi) offorested land, and 2.92 million mu (1,946.6 km2 or 751.6 sq mi) ofgrassland.[citation needed]
TheWuling Mountains run through the county, and the county's highest point reaches 1,895 metres (6,217 ft) above sea level.[2]
| Climate data for Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, elevation 827 m (2,713 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 21.4 (70.5) | 27.9 (82.2) | 31.3 (88.3) | 33.4 (92.1) | 35.3 (95.5) | 38.1 (100.6) | 37.1 (98.8) | 37.5 (99.5) | 36.0 (96.8) | 32.7 (90.9) | 27.4 (81.3) | 22.0 (71.6) | 38.1 (100.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.5 (45.5) | 10.1 (50.2) | 14.2 (57.6) | 20.2 (68.4) | 24.4 (75.9) | 27.3 (81.1) | 30.2 (86.4) | 30.2 (86.4) | 26.4 (79.5) | 20.3 (68.5) | 15.9 (60.6) | 10.1 (50.2) | 19.7 (67.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.1 (39.4) | 6.3 (43.3) | 9.8 (49.6) | 15.2 (59.4) | 19.5 (67.1) | 22.7 (72.9) | 25.3 (77.5) | 24.9 (76.8) | 21.3 (70.3) | 15.9 (60.6) | 11.3 (52.3) | 6.3 (43.3) | 15.2 (59.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.6 (34.9) | 3.7 (38.7) | 6.8 (44.2) | 11.8 (53.2) | 15.9 (60.6) | 19.4 (66.9) | 21.8 (71.2) | 21.3 (70.3) | 17.9 (64.2) | 13.1 (55.6) | 8.3 (46.9) | 3.7 (38.7) | 12.1 (53.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −8.4 (16.9) | −5.9 (21.4) | −4.5 (23.9) | −2.5 (27.5) | 5.9 (42.6) | 11.5 (52.7) | 14.6 (58.3) | 14.3 (57.7) | 9.5 (49.1) | 3.2 (37.8) | −3.0 (26.6) | −5.6 (21.9) | −8.4 (16.9) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 30.9 (1.22) | 38.3 (1.51) | 57.1 (2.25) | 114.8 (4.52) | 201.8 (7.94) | 232.4 (9.15) | 199.7 (7.86) | 153.8 (6.06) | 87.1 (3.43) | 116.9 (4.60) | 61.5 (2.42) | 22.3 (0.88) | 1,316.6 (51.84) |
| Average precipitation days | 11.8 | 11.7 | 15.0 | 15.7 | 17.3 | 16.9 | 15.7 | 14.2 | 10.6 | 15.3 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 165.1 |
| Average snowy days | 8.5 | 4.4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 | 3.9 | 19.2 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 82 | 81 | 79 | 79 | 81 | 78 | 76 | 79 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 41.6 | 39.1 | 63.6 | 82.4 | 102.7 | 91.6 | 147.2 | 158.3 | 115.9 | 73.9 | 75.4 | 53.5 | 1,045.2 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 13 | 12 | 17 | 21 | 24 | 22 | 35 | 39 | 32 | 21 | 24 | 17 | 23 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[4][5][6]extremes[7] | |||||||||||||
Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County is divided into 2subdistricts, 19towns, and 18townships.[8] These are then divided into 8residential communities, and 270administrative villages.[2]
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As of 2018, the county has a population of approximately 854,400 people.[3] Of this, 275,000 live in urban areas, and 579,400 live in rural areas.[3]
In 2018, the county registered abirth rate of 10.89 per thousand, adeath rate of 5.74 per thousand, giving it arate of natural increase of 5.15 per thousand.[3]
Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County is home to 16ethnic minorities,[citation needed] including theTujia andMiao people, for which the county is named.[3]
| Group | Population (total) | Population (percent) |
|---|---|---|
| Tujia | 689,700 | 80.72% |
| Miao | 97,100 | 11.36% |
| Han | 67,200 | 7.87% |
| Other | 400 | 0.05% |
| Total | 854,400 | 100.00% |
The county is nicknamed the "Cradle ofTujia people" for its rich Tujia culture.[citation needed]
It is the home of theBaishou Dance, a symbolic tradition of Tujia people.[9] It is a traditional dance which involves waving hands to convey stories of human origins, myths and legends, ethnic migration, ancient wars, hunting and fishing, forestry, labor, food, and other aspects of social life.[9] The dance was added to the second batch of theChina National Intangible Cultural Heritage List [zh] on June 7, 2008.[9]
The county is also home to a number of traditional folk songs, which perhaps date back to theSouthern Song dynasty.[9] The folk songs are popular at festivals, weddings, funerals, and other activities.[9]
The county has a labor force 40-50% cheaper than that of coastal areas.[citation needed] It is one of the counties with the most water resources in China, and has more than 20 kinds of mineral resources.[citation needed] Youyang is also a "Sanmu" (Chinese:三木) production base, as it grows three major plants used inChinese medicine:Eucommia ulmoides (Chinese:杜仲),Magnolia officinalis (Chinese:厚朴), andPhellodendron amurense (Chinese:黄柏).[2] The country as a whole grows about 1,200 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine materials, and is home to large amounts ofArtemisia annua.[2]
Taohuayuan (Chinese:桃花源) is a5A Tourist Attraction, the highest rank of designated attractions in China.[2] Located in the northern corner of the county, Taohuayuan is a place at first described inThe Peach Blossom Spring written byTao Yuanming, a famous writer of theEastern Jin dynasty (317–420).[citation needed] It is notable that there are more than one Taohuayuan spots in China, and the one in Youyang is a nationwide recognised Taohuayuan.[citation needed]
Gongtan Ancient Town (Chinese:龚滩古镇) is located at the intersection ofWu River and Apeng River, and it is a4A Tourist Attraction.[citation needed] It has a history of more than 1,700 years.[citation needed] More than 200 courtyards and stilted buildings from theMing Dynasty andQing Dynasty are preserved in Gongtan.[citation needed]
Wu River Gallery is the 60 km (37 mi) long, naturally formed river bank ofWu River in Chongqing Youyang, and it is a4A Tourist Attraction.[citation needed] It is famous for the strangely shaped mountains along the gallery.[citation needed]
Longtan Ancient Town (Chinese:龙潭古镇) is an ancient town with ancient wood architecture.[citation needed]
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