| Young Marvelman | |
|---|---|
 Young Marvelman on the cover ofYoung Marvelman #48. | |
| Character information | |
| First appearance | Young Marvelman #25 (1954) |
| Created by | Mick Anglo |
| In-story information | |
| Alter ego | Dicky Dauntless |
| Place of origin | Earth |
| Partnerships | Marvelman Kid Marvelman |
| Abilities | Flight, strength, durability. |
| Publication information | |
| Publisher | L. Miller & Son, Ltd. |
| Schedule | Weekly (1953-1960) Monthly (1960-1963) |
| Genre | |
| Publication date | February 1954 – February 1963 |
| Number of issues | 347 9annuals |
| Creative team | |
| Writer(s) | Mick Anglo |
| Artist(s) | Mick Anglo James Bleach Roy Parker George Parlett Leo Rawlings Frank Daniels Charles Baker Stanley White John Whitlock |
Young Marvelman was aBritishGolden Agesuperherocomic book, published byL. Miller & Son in the United Kingdom between 1954 and 1963. The lead character was originally created in 1954 byMick Anglo as a replacement forCaptain Marvel Jr due toFawcett Publications ending the latter's titles followinglegal action byDC Comics.[1][2]
In 1982 the character was revived in the comics anthologyWarrior, and later renamedYoung Miracleman in 1985. Since 2009, the rights to the character have been licensed from Anglo byMarvel Comics, who have reprinted some of the vintage material under the original Young Marvelman name.
With the British economy struggling to recover fromWorld War II, a ban on importing American comics was enacted, leading to a boom in indigenous comics.[3] However, a loophole existed whereby a British publisher could import overseas comics, print them and sell the results. This proved to be a lucrative move for L. Miller & Son, especially when they licensedCaptain Marvel and Captain Marvel Jr. fromFawcett Publications.[4] However, after losinga landmark legal case againstNational Comics in 1952, Fawcett discontinued their superhero material, cutting off the supply of strips for L. Miller & Son. Not wanting to cancel the highly profitable titles, Len Miller contacted artist Mick Anglo, whose Gower Street Studios had already created cover art for many L. Miller & Son comics.[1][2] Anglo devised the characters of Marvelman and Young Marvelman to replace them, featuring a similar premise of young men who could change into powerful superheroes.[5]
L. Miller & Son'sCaptain Marvel Jr #24 featured the title "Captain Marvel Jr - The Young Marvelman" on the front cover; inside the editorial revealed that Freddy Freeman had decided to retire and lead a normal life, with his place being taken by Dicky Dauntless as Young Marvelman. Thus Young Marvelman took over the numbering of theCaptain Marvel series, leading to the character debuting on 3 February 1954 inYoung Marvelman #25. A similar transition took place in sister titleCaptain Marvel, which soon becameMarvelman.[1]
Like its predecessor,Young Marvelman was a weekly comic. In order to cut expenditure in resizing or modifying artwork from American publishers, L. Miller & Son retained the same dimensions as US comic books. Each issue was 28 pages long, and the interiors were printed in black and white on newsprint, with only the covers in colour.[1] Issues typically contained two 8-page Young Marvelman tales and a third back-up feature from the inventory.[1] In addition there were humour strips and, bookending the contents, a letter from the unnamed editor (penned by Anglo) featuring a preview for the next issue and a 'Young Marvelman News' page, other fragments of news and plugs for other L. Miller & Son books. It was priced at 7d, and would stay that way until the title's demise.[1][5] Back-up features were either produced by Gower Street Studios or were from other series licensed by Miller, including Tom Moore'sBilly Brig and the Pirates and Spanish science fiction heroJohnny Galaxia. In-house humour strips such asYoung Joey,The Friendly Soul andFlip and Flop were also used to fill single or half pages.
Young Marvelman was similar to Captain Marvel Jr: a young messenger boy working for the Transatlantic Messenger Service (TMS) named Dicky Dauntless encounters an astrophysicist called Guntag Borghelm, instead of a wizard calledShazam, who gives him superpowers based on atomic energy instead of magic. To transform into Young Marvelman, he speaks the word "Marvelman", the hero having arranged for Dauntless to receive his powers from Borghelm. Like his hero, when surprised Dauntless would cry "Holy Macaroni!". The character's origin was initially only relayed in a text box accompanying the first frame of each adventure, before later being told in the strip "How Dicky Dauntless became Young Marvelman" inYoung Marvelman #64.[5] While Young Marvelman had debuted at the same time as Marvelman, his origin story would establish that the latter predated Young Marvelman in-fiction.[6]
Anglo initially handled the strip himself while it was shaped before involving other artists from his studio. The British comic industry of the time did not keep exhaustive records of creators[7] - with the strips themselves bearing no credits - but among the Gower Street Studios artists identified as working onMarvelman,Young Marvelman and/orMarvelman Family wereDon Lawrence,Ron Embleton,George Stokes andDenis Gifford, who would all go on to have successful careers in the industry. To keep the work on schedule Anglo adopted a system broadly similar to the "Marvel method" later used byStan Lee - to avoid complicatedscripts with overdetailed panel descriptions he would devise a plot outline, pass it to one of the studio's artists and then write dialogue and narration to fit the resulting pages of art.[1] Anglo handed work onYoung Marvelman over to the other Gower Street Studios at an earlier point than he did forMarvelman;James Bleach,George Parlett,Frank Daniels andLeo Rawlings were among those to work on early issues.[5]
Writing in 1977 for his bookNostalgia: Spotlight on the Fifties, Anglo would evaluate the work of several of those who worked onYoung Marvelman, praisingRoy Parker, Parlett, Rawlings,Charles Baker andMike Whitlock but noted a "quaintness" in the work ofStanley White.[8]
Based in Bullahoo City in America, Young Marvelman's adventures saw him come across various evil-doings either through his work for TMS or reading about them in theDaily Bugle, the newspaper Marvelman's alter ego Micky Moran worked for.[5] Like his mentor, Young Marvelman was also capable of time travel thanks to his ability to fly around the world faster than the speed of light, visiting periods of history that included theOld West[9] and - often, in response to reader request -World War II[10][11][12][13][14]
The title also had two notable recurring villains. One was an alien teen named Pontag from the planet Victo, who received an elixir from a hermit called Nastyman that allowed him to transform into the superhuman Young Nastyman, first appearing inYoung Marvelman #57,[15] and later returning on further occasions[16][17] The other was Young Gargunza, the evil nephew of Marvelman adversary Doctor Gargunza with a very strong family resemblance and a similar penchant for world-dominating schemes; the character debuted inYoung Marvelman #100[18] and also would reappear.[19][20] Later both villains teamed up to battle Young Marvelman inYoung Marvelman #200.[21]
Young Marvelman was a success, exceeding the sales ofCaptain Marvel Jr,[22] and led to several spin-offs. A fan club called simply the Young Marvelman Club was initiated, with members receiving a pin badge, a key to decipher coded messages printed in the comic's editorial pages and, later, birthday cards in exchange for aShilling.[22]Young Marvelman annuals were also produced by L. Miller & Son; these 96-page hardback books featured a mix of strip adventures (some of which featured coloured art, the only material from the original run to do so), illustrated text stories and activity pages. Two "Magic Painting" books were also produced - these featured pages pre-coated with watercolour paint, which would be revealed when a wet paintbrush was applied. By popular demand a third title was added to the range in October 1956,Marvelman Family, a monthly that featured Marvelman and Young Marvelman teaming up with Kid Marvelman, which would run for 30 issues.[22]
The character was exported to several other countries.Young's Merchandising Company ofSydney reprinted the titles for theAustralian andNew Zealand markets while oversized editions were released in both magazine and album formats inItaly.[22]
British sales however began to fall after the ban on importing American comics was lifted in November 1959.[4][23] In 1960 they had dropped to a degree where L. Miller & Son switched the title to a monthly status and the contents to reprints, while the annuals would shrink in size and quality.[22] As a result Mick Anglo left the title, turning down an offer from Arnold Miller and instead setting up his ownAnglo Features, using material created forYoung Marvelman for the short-livedCaptain Miracle as the adventures of Miracle Junior.[2] Original cover-art was still created, though while Captain Marvel Jr's cape even made a reappearance one cover,[22] while another would be inexplicably rename the character asMarvelman Junior on the front only.[5] Even this wasn't enough to keep the comic profitable and with the publisher in dire financial straits the final issues ofMarvelman andYoung Marvelman - #370 of each - were dated February 1963. The annuals would also end publication the same year.
L. Miller & Son would stop publishing comics in 1963, and would stay in existence until 1974.[24] The company'sasbestos comic printing plate masters were purchased byAlan Class Comics, who would only reprint a handful of horror and science fiction strips from the L. Miller & Son library.[25] At the time it was industry standard that British comic characters were created on awork for hire basis, with the works belonging to the publisher, and the characters spent over a decade in publishing limbo on this false premise. However in 2009 it emerged that Anglo, whose name appeared next to a copyright symbol in some material,[26] had actually retained the rights to the character all along.[27][28]
Quality Communications founder and publisherDez Skinn remembered the Marvelman character fondly and enlisted writerAlan Moore to revive him for the new anthology comicWarrior, believing the character to be in the public domain. Moore's original proposal for the revived Young Marvelman renamed his human form as Richard Dawson; however the Dicky Dauntless name was eventually kept in place.[29] The revived strip debuted in the first issue ofWarrior, with the revisionist storyline retconning the 1954-1963 material as simulations experienced by the characters. While Young Marvelman was part of the revived strip, the character was dead in the series' present and only appeared in flashbacks - including a one-off dialogue-free story written by Moore and drawn by John Ridgway, published inWarrior #12. A one-offMarvelman Special was produced by Quality in 1984, reprinting four Anglo-era strips with a new framing sequence by Moore and artistAlan Davis; "Young Marvelman and the Moon of Doom" was one of the stories present.[30] However, soon after a variety of factors saw the strip stall, andWarrior ended in January 1985.
The revival was continued by American publisherEclipse Comics from 1985. Due to objections fromMarvel Comics, the title and the character were renamed asMiracleman, with the supporting cast updated accordingly - as such, Young Marvelman was renamed Young Miracleman, and was finally returned to life inMiracleman #23.
In addition to the QualityMarvelman Special, several other Anglo-era strips were also reprinted in connection with the revival by Eclipse. Some of the special's material was released instereoscopy asMiracleman 3D #1, including theYoung Marvelman story. TwoYoung Marvelman episodes were also printed as backup strips inMiracleman #13, with two more printed in the 1988 mini-seriesMiracleman Family. For all of these reprints the names were updated in line with those now used in the main series, and the strips were colourised.
Following the resolution of the protracted ownership debate, Marvel Comics struck a deal with Anglo to license the character shortly after the legal ownership was confirmed in 2009.[31] This allowed the character to return to the Young Marvelman name, which would be used for reprints of the Anglo-era material (with Young Miracleman retained for material produced from 1982 onwards), remastering the original strips and presenting them in their original black-and-white - a process overseen by archivist Derek Wilson. In 2010 Marvel issued the six-issue mini-seriesMarvelman - Family's Finest, reprinting a selection of stories fromMarvelman,Young Marvelman andMarvelman Family, with new covers contributed by the likes ofMarko Djurdjević,Doug Braithwaite,Mike Perkins,Jae Lee andKhoi Pham - as well as one by Anglo himself. A series of hardback archives ofYoung Marvelman Classic began in 2011; however, these were not a financial success and no further volumes have been issued since 2012.[32]
| Title | ISBN | Release date | Contents |
|---|---|---|---|
| Marvelman: Family's Finest | 9780785149699 | March 2011 | Contains material fromMarvelman #65, #72-77, #102, #105-106, #108, #159, #222, #228, #235 & #252; Young Marvelman #57, #72, #88, #100, #200 & #202; andMarvelman Family #3, #8-10, #14, #18 & #29-30. |
| Young Marvelman Classic Vol. 1 | 9780785155041 | May 2011 | Contains material fromYoung Marvelman #25-34 |
| Young Marvelman Classic Vol. 2 | 9780785158264 | January 2012 | Contains material fromYoung Marvelman #35-44 |
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