| Yos Sudarso Bay | |
|---|---|
| formerly known asHumboldt Bay | |
| Teluk Yos Sudarso (Indonesian) | |
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  Yos Sudarso Bay | |
| Location | South Asia |
| Coordinates | 2°35′S140°45′E / 2.583°S 140.750°E /-2.583; 140.750 |
| Type | Bay |
| Basin countries | Indonesia |
Yos Sudarso Bay (Indonesian:Teluk Yos Sudarso), known asHumboldt Bay from 1827 to 1968, is a small bay on the north coast ofNew Guinea, about 50 kilometers west of the border betweenIndonesia's province ofPapua and the country ofPapua New Guinea. The Indonesian provincial capitalJayapura is situated on the bay.
In 1827 the French explorerJules Dumont d'Urville named the bay afterAlexander von Humboldt, after noticing it during his first voyage with an astrolabe. The DutchEtna expedition of 1858 under Hugo van der Goes was the first to explore and map the bay. Its goal was to find potential locations for the establishment of a permanent government post on New Guinea and this location was found to be superior to others. However, it took until March 1910, prodded by German claims on the northern coast of New Guinea, before the Dutch established a city on the bay,Hollandia. DuringWorld War II, the area was occupied by theJapanese in April 1942,was liberated byU.S. forces on April 22, 1944, and became home to a massive U.S. naval base,Naval Base Hollandia. The base served asGeneral Douglas MacArthur's headquarters until the conquest of thePhilippines in March 1945.
After Indonesian independence, the city became the capital ofNetherlands New Guinea in 1949. It was renamedKota Baru ("New City")in November 1962,Sukarnopura ("Sukarno City") in 1963 or 1964, and after theTransition to the New OrderJayapura ("Victory City") in 1968. The name Humboldt Bay was retained until at least that same year,[1] when it was renamed after the Indonesian naval officerYos Sudarso, who perished ina 1962 naval engagement between the Dutch and Indonesians.[2]
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