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Yichang–Wanzhou railway

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Railway line in China
Yichang–Wanzhou railway
Yichang-Wanzhou section of theShanghai–Wuhan–Chengdu passenger railway corridor
CRH logo
The Yichang–Chongqing route, formed by the Yichang–Lichuan section of the Yiwan line and theYuli (Lichuan–Chongqing) line, shown as a thick red line on the map of China's HSR construction plan
Overview
Other nameYiwan railway
Native name宜万铁路
StatusOperational
OwnerCR Wuhan
CR Chengdu
LocaleHubei Province
Termini
Stations24
Service
TypeHigh-speed rail
Heavy rail
SystemChina Railway High-speedChina Railway High-speed
Operator(s)CR Wuhan
CR Chengdu
History
Opened1 July 2012; 13 years ago (2012-07-01)
Technical
Line length377 km (234 mi)
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in)standard gauge
Electrification25 kV 50 Hz AC (Overhead line)
Operating speed
  • 200 km/h (124 mph) max. (Yichang–Lichuan)
  • 120 km/h (75 mph) max. (Lichuan–Wanzhou)
Route map

km
0
Yichang East
Yangtze River Bridge
Yichang South
Chexi
(planned)
Changyang
Baozhen tunnel
(11,595 m)
Langping
(planned)
Yesanguan Tunnel
(13,838 m)
Yesanguan
Gaoping
Luoshuidong
(planned)
Jianshi
Baiyangping
(planned)
Enshi
Baiguo
(planned)
Yunwushan tunnel
(6,682 m)
Qingkou
(planned)
Maluqing tunnel
(7,879 m)
Lichuan
288
Liangwu
Wangying
(planned)
Qiyueshan
Qiyueshan tunnel
(10,528 m)
Guancangping
(planned)
Luotian
Guyu
(planned)
Yubeishan
Ganziyuan
(planned)
Wuqiao
Wanzhou Railway Bridge
377
Wanzhou
This diagram:

TheYichang–Wanzhou railway, or theYiwan railway (simplified Chinese:宜万铁路;traditional Chinese:宜萬鐵路;pinyin:Yíwàn Tiělù) connects the cities ofYichang (Hubei Province) andWanzhou (Chongqing Municipality) viaLichuan, Hubei. It was completed in 2010 and forms part of theShanghai–Wuhan–Chengdu passenger railway. Out of the line's total 377 km (234 mi) length, 288 km (179 mi) runs on bridges or in tunnels. According to the chief engineer, Zhang Mei, the line was the most difficult ever constructed in China. Operation started on22 December 2010.[1]

Connections

[edit]
TheYichang Railway Bridge over theYangtze River near the eastern terminus of the railway inYichang.
The railway crosses the Yangtze River a second time near its western terminus, Wanzhou. Pictured is theWanzhou Railway Bridge.

At its eastern end, theYichang East railway station, the Yiwan Railway connects with the high-speedWuhan–Yichang railway toHankou (Wuhan).

AtLiangwu railway station, the Yichang–Wanzhou railway connects with the high-speedChongqing–Lichuan railway (Yuli), the main route of the Huhanrong corridor, which provides the most direct connection to Chongqing and on toChengdu. From Liangwu, the Yichang–Wanzhou railway heads north to reach Wanzhou. With the Yuli and Hanyi lines both in operation and in use by high-speed, it will become possible to travel by train between Wuhan and Chongqing in around 5 hours, compared to the 22 hours before the opening of the Yiwan Line.[2] However, the opening of high-speed service (as opposed to "regular" trains) on the Yichang–Wanzhou railway was delayed until July 1, 2014.[3]

Until the Yuli line was completed at the end of 2013, all through traffic on the Yiwan Railway had to go along its entire length, to the line's western terminus at Wanzhou, and then over an existing railway branch toDazhou,Sichuan. From Dazhou, trains could continue both southwest toward Chongqing on theXiangyang–Chongqing railway and west toward Chengdu on theDazhou–Chengdu Railway.[2]

Layout

[edit]

The 377 km (234 mi) long[4] railway crosses the remarkably difficult terrain of southwestern Hubei (Yichang City andEnshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture) and the eastern part of theChongqing Municipality (Wanzhou District). The region has numerous mountains and is sometimes referred to as "the eastern edge" of theYunnan–Guizhou Plateau.[5][6] Until recently, the region had no railways, and hardly any paved roads (beyondChina National Highway 318, which the new railway more or less parallels).[7] The new (G42 Hurong Expressway) was built along the same corridor as well (seeSi Du River Bridge for an example of engineering that was required).

Out of the entire length of the rail line, 324 km (201 mi) are in Hubei and 53 km (33 mi) in Chongqing Municipality.[4] Owing to the difficult terrain, the project involved a large number of bridges (including two over theYangtze River: theWanzhou Railway Bridge and theYichang Railway Bridge) and tunnels. Out of the line's total 377 km (234 mi) length, 288 km (179 mi) runs on bridges or in tunnels. This made the line the most difficult and the most expensive (per kilometre) of all China's railways up to that time. At a cost of U.S.$9.01 million per kilometre, the per-kilometre construction costs were twice as high as those for theQinghai–Tibet Railway which cost U.S.$4.35 million per kilometre.[8][9]

Construction history

[edit]
Construction of theWanzhou Railway Bridge, at the western end of the Yiwan line

The railway was first proposed bySun Yat-sen in 1903, but construction was not started until 2003 due to the difficulties of the project.[10] According to the chief engineer, Zhang Mei, the line was the most difficult ever constructed in China.[10]

As of mid-2009, the embankments, bridges, and tunnels along the Yiwan Railway had been mostly completed, and about half the rails had been laid.[4] On18 August 2010, the line's construction was completed.[10] Local media reported that the line would become operational inNovember 2010.[11]

Trial operations started on 19 November,[12] and regular operation started on22 December 2010, with passenger trains fromWuhan running toLichuan;[13] on10 January 2011 a through-passenger service started from Wuhan toChongqing over the entire Yiwan line.[14]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"China's Yichang–Wanzhou railway begins trial operation" (in Chinese). Sina. Archived fromthe original on 23 January 2011. Retrieved20 January 2011.
  2. ^abThree Gorges route linked upArchived 2011-06-16 at theWayback Machine,Railway Gazette International,31 August 2010
  3. ^去上海、去杭州……7月有望坐动车了 [Go to Shanghai, Go to Hangzhou... Looking toward the start of EMU service on July 1] (in Simplified Chinese). 成都商报. 2014-05-11.
  4. ^abcPRC: Yichang–Wanzhou railway Project. Environmental Monitoring Report. Asian Development Bank. Project Number: 35339. June 2009
  5. ^Guo Rui (22 December 2010)."Expensive railway set for its maiden journey".China Daily. Retrieved22 December 2010.
  6. ^"China's "most difficult to build" railway to open". English.news.cn. 21 December 2010. Archived fromthe original on February 9, 2011. Retrieved22 December 2010.
  7. ^See, e.g., the characterization of theChina National Highway 318 andChina National Highway 209 as "unstable and unsafe" in:Yichang–Wanzhou railway (SEIA) (Asian Development Bank,June 2003), p.6
  8. ^"Most expensive rail line in China becomes operational".Times of India. 22 December 2010. Retrieved26 December 2010.
  9. ^宜万铁路成中国施工最艰难路段 造价为青铁两倍] [Yiwan Railway will become China's the most difficult railway construction project. Construction costs twice as high as for the Qingzang Railway] (in Simplified Chinese). 楚网-楚天都市报. 2006-06-30.
  10. ^abc"China's most difficult mountain railway linked up". Xinhua. 18 August 2010. Archived fromthe original on August 22, 2010. Retrieved23 December 2010.
  11. ^万州市民可以乘坐火车游三峡大坝了 (in Simplified Chinese). 三峡都市报. 2010-04-19.
  12. ^China's Yichang–Wanzhou railway begins trial operation, 2010-11-19
  13. ^Yi-Wan Railway Line OpenedArchived 2011-07-07 at theWayback Machine. Wuhan News. 26-12-2010
  14. ^"最难修铁路"宜万铁路通车 ["Most difficult to build railway" opens for service] (in Simplified Chinese).Ifeng News.

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  • Italics: under construction or currently not operational
  • (-), Place A-: section under construction or currently not operational
  • §: in/related to Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan
  • (Place A–Place B): share tracks with other lines
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