| Yangshan Port | |
|---|---|
 Yangshan Port | |
 Interactive map of Yangshan Port | |
| Location | |
| Country | China |
| Location | Shengsi County, Zhejiang Province |
| Coordinates | 30°37′N122°04′E / 30.617°N 122.067°E /30.617; 122.06730°37'46.0"N 122°03'27.9"E |
| Details | |
| Opened | 2005 |
| Operated by | Shanghai International Port Group |
| Type ofharbour | Deep-water seaport |
| Statistics | |
| Annualcontainer volume | > 10 millionTEU (2010) |
Yangshan Port (Chinese:洋山港;pinyin:Yángshān Gǎng;Wugniu:2Yan-1sae3Kaon), formally theYangshan Deep-Water Port (Chinese:洋山深水港;pinyin:Yángshān Shēnshuǐ Gǎng;Wugniu:2Yan-1sae1Shin-3syu3Kaon), is an offshoredeep-water port forcontainerization inHangzhou Bay south ofShanghai,China, built onland reclamation joining the Lesser Yangshan Island with numerous other nearby islands of the northwesternZhoushanarchipelago. It is connected to Shanghai'sPudong New Area on themainland by the 32.5 km-long (20.2 mi)Donghai Bridge, forming part of thePort of Shanghai, while the other islands of Yangshan archipelago (including the Greater Yangshan Island, where the civilian population of the archipelago live) are administered separately as part ofZhejiang'sShengsi County.
Yangshan Port is part of China'sMaritime Silk Road,[1][2] built to allow the Port of Shanghai to grow despite shallow waters near the shore. Prior to its construction, the Port of Shanghai was predominantly based around themouth of theHuangpu River, which is too shallow to handle largecontainer ships, forcing the port to often performmid-stream operations within theYangtzeestuary, which often had to wait for thehigh tide hours, severely restricting the port's capacity. The construction of Yangshan Port allowsberths with depths of up to 15 m (49 ft) to be built, and can handle today's largest container ships. In mid-2011, port officials said the port was on track to move 12.3 milliontwenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs) during the year, up from 10.1 million TEUs in 2010, overtakingPort of Singapore to become theworld's busiest container port.[3] In 2015, the port handled 36.54 million TEUs,[4] and by 2019, its throughput had increased to 43.35 million TEU.
In 2000 and 2001, the decision was made to commence construction on the first of four phases. The first two phases have nine berths in total along a 3 km (1.9 mi)quayside. The first phase, which opened in 2004, can accommodate 2.2 million containers annually and includes 10 quay cranes. The second phase was opened in December 2006, and comprises 72 hectares (180 acres) with 15 quay cranes. The third phase, opened in stages, was completed in 2010 with seven berths.[citation needed]The fourth phase, which began trial operation on December 10, 2017,[5] will add 4 millionTwenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs) to the port's annual capacity.[3]
The total cost of building the port may reach US$12 billion over 20 years.[6]When complete, the port will have 30 berths capable of handling 15 million TEUs annually.[7]
The Yangshan Port is connected to the mainland via the 32.5 km (20.2 mi)Donghai Bridge, opened on 1 December 2005 as theworld's longest sea bridge. The six-lane highway bridge took 6,000 workers2+1⁄2 years to construct.[8]
There is no direct railway connection to the Yangshan Port. The port is served byLuchaogang railway station on thePudong Railway, which was opened in 2005 near the mainland end of the Donghai Bridge.[9]
Following the construction of the port, the Shanghai government viewed this as an opportunity to develop a heavy equipment manufacturing zone and a new town nearby.[10]: 44
