| Yahadian | |
|---|---|
| Yahadian-Mugim | |
| Native to | Southwest Papua, Indonesia |
| Region | Kampung Yahadian, Kais District and Kampung Mugim, Matemani District,South Sorong Regency in theBird's Head Peninsula |
Native speakers | 1,200[1] (2002) |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | ner |
| Glottolog | yaha1248 |
  Yahadian  Yahadian  Yahadian | |
| Coordinates:1°56′S132°06′E / 1.94°S 132.10°E /-1.94; 132.10 | |
Yahadian is aPapuan language of theBird's Head Peninsula ofSouthwest Papua. It is spoken in Yahadian village, Kais District,South Sorong Regency.[2] Overall, Yahadian is poorly documented, with only enough data for a sketch of the language's structure.[3]: 628 It is considered "endangered" byEthnologue.[2]
Yahadian is a member of theTrans–New Guinea languages, spoken on the northwestern corner of the island ofNew Guinea. Three villages speak Yahadian: Mugim, Yahadian, and (parts of) Kais, with an estimated 1,200 speakers in 2002.[1] They are all located on the south side of theBird's Head peninsula inIndonesia.[3]: 571
Yahadian is most closely related toKonda; the two languages appear to form adialect continuum. Yahadian speakers in the village of Mugim reported that they could "easily" understand Konda speakers.[1] They are also the only twoSouth Bird's Head languages that do not mark gender on nouns.[3]: 604
It does not appear to have a close relationship with its eastern neighbor, theInanwatan language, with limited lexical overlap (8%) and far different phonology and morphology.[1]
Yahadian has 21 consonants, according to de Vries's analysis.[1]
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palato-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Labiovelar | Glottal | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p | b | t | d | tʲ | dʲ[a] | c | ɟ | k | ɡ | ||||
| Fricative | ɸ | β | x | ɣ | h | |||||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||||||||||
| Tap/ Trill | ɾr[b] | |||||||||||||
| Approximant | w | |||||||||||||
Yahadian has eight vowels:[4]: 144
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | unrounded | rounded | |
| Close | i | u | |
| Close-mid | e | o | |
| Open-mid | ɛ | ə | ɔ |
| Open | a |
The language generally uses CV or V syllables, with a few exceptions. CC consonant clusters require one of the consonants to be [r] or [t]. Nasals and liquids are the only observed word-final consonants.[1]
Yahadian has fairly simple morphology compared to its neighbors. It does not index the verb's arguments via affixes, unlike other South Bird's Head languages.[3]: 591
Gender is not known to be marked in Yahadian.[1] De Vries reports the following pronouns for Yahadian:[4]: 147
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | né(nigi) | ná(gigi) |
| 2nd person | é(rigi) | ádigi/adʒigi |
| 3rd person | mí(gigi) | míginaigi |
