 | This articlemay incorporate text from alarge language model. It may includehallucinated information,copyright violations, claims notverified in cited sources,original research, orfictitious references. Any such material should beremoved, and content with anunencyclopedic tone should be rewritten.(September 2025) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
TheXorai (Assamese pronunciation:[xɔɹaɪ]), a manufacturedbell metal product is one of the traditional symbols ofAssam, which is considered as an article of great respect by the people of Assam.[1][2][3] In simplistic terms it is an offering tray with a stand at the bottom which is used in felicitations also.[4][5] There areXorais with or without a cover on the top.Hajo andSarthebari are the most important centers of traditional bell-metal and brass crafts in Assam.[6]
The tradition of using theXorai dates back to ancient Assam, with records suggesting its prevalence during theAhom dynasty and earlier periods. It was traditionally used in royal courts, religious rituals, and community ceremonies. Over the centuries, the Xorai has remained a consistent symbol of honour and hospitality in Assamese culture.[8]
Xorais are typically crafted usingbell metal, an alloy of copper and tin. Traditional artisans, especially inSarthebari andHajo, follow a manual process that includes melting, casting, hammering, and engraving. The production requires exceptional skill, usually passed down through generations.[9]
In Assamese society, the Xorai is regarded as a sacred and symbolic object. It is often used to present offerings to guests, elders, and deities, embodying respect, purity, and goodwill. Its presence in religious and social rituals represents a deep-rooted cultural connection and spiritual reverence.[10]
While the traditional use of the Xorai continues, it is increasingly adapted as a decorative and symbolic gift in modern settings. It is often presented during state ceremonies, academic convocations, and cultural festivals. Designer versions are also produced as showpieces or awards.[11]
Xorai is frequently showcased in Assamese literature, films, documentaries, and advertisements. During events likeAssam Day,Rongali Bihu, and official state receptions, the Xorai is prominently displayed or gifted to dignitaries as a cultural ambassador of Assam.[12]
Objects similar to Xorai exist in other Asian cultures—for example, thethali in North India orphan in Thailand. However, the Xorai's craftsmanship, materials, and ceremonial function are unique to Assam, making it a distinct marker of the region’s heritage.[13]