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Xinxiang 新乡市 Sinsiang | |
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     From top, left to right:
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 Xinxiang's location in Henan province | |
  Xinxiang Xinxiang (China) Show map of China | |
| Coordinates (Xinxiang municipal government):35°18′13″N113°55′36″E / 35.3036°N 113.9268°E /35.3036; 113.9268 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Henan |
| Municipal seat | Hongqi District |
| Government | |
| • Party Chief | Li Weidong(李卫东) |
| • Mayor | Wei Jianping(魏建平) |
| Area | |
| 8,629 km2 (3,332 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 431 km2 (166 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 3,390 km2 (1,310 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 census for total, 2018 otherwise)[2] | |
| 6,251,929 | |
| • Density | 724.5/km2 (1,877/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,179,400 |
| • Urban density | 2,740/km2 (7,090/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 2,743,200 |
| • Metro density | 809/km2 (2,100/sq mi) |
| GDP[3][4] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 216.7 billion US$ 32.6 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 37,805 US$ 5,692 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Area code | 0373 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-HA-07 |
| MajorNationalities | Han |
| County-level divisions | 12 |
| License plate prefixes | 豫G |
| Website | www |
Xinxiang (simplified Chinese:新乡;traditional Chinese:新鄉;pinyin:Xīnxiāng[ɕín.ɕjáŋ];postal: Sinsiang) is aprefecture-level city in northernHenanprovince, China.
It borders the provincial capital ofZhengzhou to its southwest,Kaifeng to its southeast,Hebi andAnyang to its north,Jiaozuo to its west, and the provinces ofShanxi andShandong to its northwest and east respectively.[5]
Its total population was 6,251,929 as of the2020 Chinese Census. As of the 2018 estimation, 2,743,200 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of 4 urban districts (Weibin,Hongqi,Muye,Fenquan),Yanjin county,Xinxiang county andHuixian City which are now beingconurbated as the city is expanding very quickly.[2]
Xinxiang is an industrial city in northern Henan, an important city on theBeijing-Guangzhou Railway and a city in the Central Plains urban agglomeration, and was once one of the eight major towns in northern China.[6] In ancient times, there were major events that influenced the course of Chinese history, such as theBattle of Mingtiao,[7] theBattle of Muye,[8] and theChenqiao Mutiny.[9] Modern Xinxiang is China's excellenttourist city,[10] national health city,[11] national garden city,[12] national forest city,[13] and one of the top 100 cities in China in terms of comprehensive urban competitiveness.
During the period ofYao andShun, China was divided into nine prefectures, and the city's territory belonged toJizhou,Yanzhou andYuzhou.[14] At the end of theXia Dynasty,Shang Tang attackedXia Jie, and theBattle of Mingtiao took place betweenFengqiu County andChangyuan County, resulting in the defeat of Jie and the death of Xia.[15]
Xinxiang was the site of theBattle of Muye,[16] where theShang dynasty was overthrown by the armies ofKing Wu ofZhou.[17] The region was first named Xinxiang in the 6th year of theKaihuang era (586 AD) of theSui dynasty, whenXinxiang county was established in the territories of southwesternJi County [zh] and easternHuojia County.[18] In960 AD,Later Zhou forces loyal toZhao Kuangyinmutinied against the rule ofGuo Zongxun atChenqiao Station [zh], located in modern-dayFengqiu County, and declared Zhao emperor, marking the beginning of theSong dynasty.[19]
Xinxiang served as the capital of the short-livedPingyuan Province, which administered the neighboring cities ofAnyang,Hebi,Puyang,Jiaozuo andHeze between 1949 and 1952.[20] In July 2021, Xinxiang was harshly impacted by theflooding in Henan, which affected about 470,000 people and over 55,000 hectares (140,000 acres) of cropland.[21][22]
| Climate data for Xinxiang, elevation 73 m (240 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 18.9 (66.0) | 24.8 (76.6) | 29.0 (84.2) | 36.1 (97.0) | 38.0 (100.4) | 40.9 (105.6) | 40.5 (104.9) | 37.7 (99.9) | 36.8 (98.2) | 34.3 (93.7) | 27.7 (81.9) | 23.9 (75.0) | 40.9 (105.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.5 (41.9) | 9.6 (49.3) | 15.5 (59.9) | 22.1 (71.8) | 27.4 (81.3) | 32.1 (89.8) | 32.1 (89.8) | 30.8 (87.4) | 27.0 (80.6) | 21.6 (70.9) | 13.8 (56.8) | 7.4 (45.3) | 20.4 (68.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.3 (32.5) | 3.9 (39.0) | 9.9 (49.8) | 16.3 (61.3) | 21.9 (71.4) | 26.5 (79.7) | 27.6 (81.7) | 26.3 (79.3) | 21.8 (71.2) | 15.8 (60.4) | 8.2 (46.8) | 2.2 (36.0) | 15.1 (59.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.7 (25.3) | −0.6 (30.9) | 4.8 (40.6) | 10.8 (51.4) | 16.5 (61.7) | 21.1 (70.0) | 23.7 (74.7) | 22.6 (72.7) | 17.5 (63.5) | 11.1 (52.0) | 3.8 (38.8) | −1.9 (28.6) | 10.5 (50.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −13.9 (7.0) | −16.0 (3.2) | −6.2 (20.8) | −0.7 (30.7) | 7.6 (45.7) | 12.4 (54.3) | 17.2 (63.0) | 13.5 (56.3) | 7.5 (45.5) | −0.9 (30.4) | −12.8 (9.0) | −11.5 (11.3) | −16.0 (3.2) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 5.6 (0.22) | 8.8 (0.35) | 14.1 (0.56) | 31.1 (1.22) | 42.6 (1.68) | 66.4 (2.61) | 163.5 (6.44) | 120.2 (4.73) | 62.2 (2.45) | 29.1 (1.15) | 20.0 (0.79) | 4.7 (0.19) | 568.3 (22.39) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.6 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 5.1 | 6.5 | 7.6 | 11.1 | 10.1 | 7.5 | 5.8 | 4.5 | 2.3 | 70.7 |
| Average snowy days | 3.3 | 3.1 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 2.1 | 11 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 59 | 57 | 55 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 76 | 78 | 73 | 68 | 67 | 61 | 65 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 116.5 | 138.4 | 182.4 | 211.2 | 234.2 | 210.6 | 182.2 | 184.5 | 166.7 | 162.5 | 140.5 | 129.2 | 2,058.9 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 37 | 45 | 49 | 54 | 54 | 49 | 41 | 45 | 45 | 47 | 46 | 43 | 46 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[23][24] | |||||||||||||
Xinxiang is located in the northern part ofHenan Province, between 113 degrees 23 minutes and 114 degrees 59 minutes east longitude and 34 degrees 53 minutes and 35 degrees 50 minutes north latitude.[25] It is 600 kilometers away from the capital Beijing and 80 kilometers away from the provincial capital Zhengzhou. It is connected to the oil city Puyang in the east and to the west of Luxi.[26] Bordering the Yellow River to the south, it is separated fromZhengzhou andKaifeng by the river; to the west, it is connected toJiaozuo and shares a border withShanxi.[27] To the north, it relies on theTaihang and is adjacent toHebi andAnyang.
According to a 2015 report byGreenpeace,Henan (Xinxiang's province) has the most severeair pollution of all the provinces in China, with an averagePM2.5 concentration of 103.3 μg/m3 (micrograms percubic meter).[28] The report found that Xinxiang has the 13th most polluted city air in China, with a PM2.5 concentration of 114.6 μg/m3 (over 11 times the safe limit established by theWHO) during the first quarter of 2015.[29][citation needed][30] Swiss firmIQAir reported that Xinxiang suffered from an average PM2.5 concentration of 51.5 μg/m3 in 2020, ranking 31st in China,[31] and 89th in the world.[32]
In 2015, environmentalnon-governmental organization Airman (Chinese:好空气保卫侠) purchased wheat samples farmed in the town ofWangcun, in Xinxiang, near a battery factory, and found it hadcadmium levels up to 17 times the national safe limit.[33] The following year, the group again purchased wheat samples in the towns ofDakuai [zh] and Wangcun,[34] and found cadmium levels up to 34.1 times the national safe limit.[33][35][36] Following this report, the Xinxiang municipal government launched a program to purchase contaminated wheat, and convert the farmland to other purposes.[33] However, again in 2017, the group purchased additional wheat samples, and found them to have cadmium levels up to 18 times the national limit, with all samples purchased exceeding national safety limits.[33] In response, government officials from thetown of Dakuai met with the group, and pledged to further investigate the samples and stop growing wheat on contaminated farmland.[37]
![[icon]](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=https%3a%2f%2fen.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aWiki_letter_w_cropped.svg) | This sectionneeds expansion with: Other religious groups. You can help byadding to it.(May 2025) |
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XinxiangRoman Catholics are served by theApostolic Prefecture of Xinxiang (Latin:Sinsiang / Sinsiangen(sis)), which was established on July 7, 1936, on missionary territory split off from the thenApostolic Vicariate of Weihuifu (simplified Chinese:卫辉府;traditional Chinese:衛輝府) (now Diocese ofJixian). It is a pre-diocesan jurisdiction, which is exempt (i.e., directly subject to the Holy See and its missionaryRoman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples), and not part of anyecclesiastical province.
It has had the following incumbentApostolic Prefects of Xinxiang (Roman Rite) :
Xinxiang is the headquarters of the83rd Group Army of thePeople's Liberation Army, one of the three group armies that comprise theJinan Military Region responsible for the defense of theYellow River plain.[38]
Theprefecture-level city administers 4districts, 3county-level cities and 5counties.
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By the end of 2022, the city's permanent population was 6.166 million, including 3.639 million urban residents and 2.527 million rural residents; The urbanization rate of permanent residents was 59.01%, an increase of 0.62 percentage points over the end of the previous year.[39] 43,000 people were born, with a birth rate of 6.90 per thousand. 46,000 people died, with a mortality rate of 7.40 per thousand. The natural decrease of population was 0.3 million, and the natural growth rate was -0.5%.[40]
According to the seventh National Census in 2020, as of 0:00 on November 1, 2020, the city's permanent population was 6,251,929. Among them, male population accounted for 50.23%; The female population is 49.77%. The sex ratio of the total population (100 females) was 100.91.[41]
The population aged 0–14 accounted for 23.17%; The population aged 15–59 accounted for 59.15%; 17.68% of the population was 60 years of age or older, of which 13.04% were 65 years of age or older.[42]
For every 100,000 population, 11,743 people had a university degree (college or above); The population with high school (including technical secondary school) education was 20163; 37,885 people with secondary education; The population with a primary education level is 20,994 (the above levels of education include graduates, associates and students of all types of schools).[43]
Surnames from Xinxiang are: Major (including Gong, Hong, Gong, Duan) Zuo, Ning, Yan, etc.[44]
Frestech, a majorhome appliance company, was located in Xinxiang prior to its liquidation in 2018.[45] One of the business units spun off in Frestech's dissolution, Xinfei Electric Group, continues to operate in Xinxiang.[46] Xinfei Electric Group, now a wholly owned subsidiary ofAviation Industry Corporation of China, producesrefrigerated trucks, military vehicles,RVs, modular building structures, precision equipment, refrigerators, air conditioners, and environmental control equipment.[46]
Other important enterprises located in Xinxiang include Golden Dragon Copper Group, Bailu Chemical Fibre, Henan Kelong Group, and AVIC XINHANG Industry Corporation.[47]
Textiles and processed food are also major products of Xinxiang.[48] As an old textiles base, the cotton industry is very developed in Xinxiang.[49]
Xinxiang serves as a rail junction and industrial center at the head of navigation on theWei River. The Wei River, made navigable for small vessels by river improvements in the 1950s, links the city withTianjin.[50]
Xinxiang is located at the junction of theBeijing-Guangzhou,Xinxiang-Yueshan,Xinxiang-Yanzhou, andZhengzhou–Jinan Railways. The Xinxiang metro area has two major railway stations:Xinxiang Railway Station inWeibin andXinxiang East Railway Station inMuye.
G4 Beijing–Hong Kong and Macau Expressway[51]
G3511 Heze–Baoji Expressway[52]
G5512 Jincheng–Xinxiang Expressway[53]Xinxiang is a major city for research, ranking as the 138th city in the world by scientific research outputs as of 2025, as tracked by theNature Index.[54]
There are several universities and colleges located in theprefecture-level city.[55]
Major cities along theYellow River | ||
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| Province-level subdivisions | Cities (from upper reaches to lower reaches) |  |
| Gansu | ||
| Ningxia | ||
| Inner Mongolia | ||
| Shanxi | ||
| Shaanxi | ||
| Henan | ||
| Shandong | ||
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Geographic | |
| Other | |
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