Xiahe County 夏河县 ·བསང་ཆུ་རྫོང་། Sangqu | |
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.png) Xiahe County (red) within Gannan Prefecture (yellow) and Gansu | |
  Xiahe  Xiahe | |
| Coordinates (Xiahe County government):35°12′00″N102°31′03″E / 35.20000°N 102.51750°E /35.20000; 102.51750 | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Gansu |
| Autonomous prefecture | Gannan |
| County seat | Labrang |
| Area | |
• Total | 6,274 km2 (2,422 sq mi) |
| Population (2020)[1] | |
• Total | 86,355 |
| • Density | 13.76/km2 (35.65/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 747100 |
| Website | www |
| Xiahe County | |||||||
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| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 夏河县 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 夏河縣 | ||||||
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| Tibetan name | |||||||
| Tibetan | བསང་ཆུ་རྫོང་། | ||||||
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Xiahe County (Chinese:夏河县;Tibetan:བསང་ཆུ་རྫོང་།,Amdo Tibetan pronunciation:[saŋtɕʰə]) is acounty inGannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Gansu province,China, borderingQinghai province to the west. The name (both Chinese and Tibetan), which literally means "Xia River", refers to theDaxia River which runs through the county. It is home to the famedLabrangTibetan Buddhistmonastery, one of the largest Tibetan Buddhist monasteries outside theTibet Autonomous Region. The town is populated largely by ethnicTibetans, as well as someHui andHan Chinese. The area is highly rural and pastoral (includingyak and other animal rearing). The geography is mountainous. Over the past decades it has become a tourist attraction. The county was named Xiahe in 1928, after theDaxia River that flows through its territory.
Xiahe (Sangqu) used to be part ofQinghai when it was under the control ofChinese Muslim GeneralMa Qi.[2] It was the site of bloody battles between Muslim and Tibetan forces.[3][4][5]
In 1980,Xiahe mandible, a hominin fossil jaw, was discovered inBaishiya Karst Cave, Xiahe County.
Xiahe (Sangqu) is found in the southern portion of Gansu province, along the western border withQinghai province. It lies along theDaxia andZhao rivers. It is on the northeast edge of theTibetan Plateau. The average elevation is 2,900 to 3,100 m (9,500 to 10,200 ft) with the highest being 4,636 m (15,210 ft) and the lowest 2,160 m (7,087 ft).
Xiahe County has an alpinesubarctic climate (KöppenDwc) that grades into analpine climate (ETH) at the highest elevations. The climate is characterised by mild, rainy summers and frigid, but dry and sunny, winters.
| Climate data for Xiahe, elevation 2,948 m (9,672 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 16.0 (60.8) | 18.8 (65.8) | 23.8 (74.8) | 29.1 (84.4) | 26.4 (79.5) | 28.2 (82.8) | 30.7 (87.3) | 29.2 (84.6) | 28.6 (83.5) | 23.8 (74.8) | 18.4 (65.1) | 14.5 (58.1) | 30.7 (87.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.2 (36.0) | 4.8 (40.6) | 8.6 (47.5) | 13.1 (55.6) | 15.9 (60.6) | 18.7 (65.7) | 20.9 (69.6) | 20.6 (69.1) | 16.7 (62.1) | 12.0 (53.6) | 7.9 (46.2) | 3.8 (38.8) | 12.1 (53.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −8.0 (17.6) | −4.9 (23.2) | −0.3 (31.5) | 4.7 (40.5) | 8.5 (47.3) | 11.9 (53.4) | 13.9 (57.0) | 13.3 (55.9) | 9.5 (49.1) | 4.0 (39.2) | −1.8 (28.8) | −6.7 (19.9) | 3.7 (38.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −15.2 (4.6) | −11.9 (10.6) | −6.6 (20.1) | −1.6 (29.1) | 2.7 (36.9) | 6.4 (43.5) | 8.5 (47.3) | 8.1 (46.6) | 4.8 (40.6) | −1.0 (30.2) | −8.1 (17.4) | −13.8 (7.2) | −2.3 (27.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −24.8 (−12.6) | −22.9 (−9.2) | −19.9 (−3.8) | −11.8 (10.8) | −9.4 (15.1) | −1.4 (29.5) | 1.3 (34.3) | −0.4 (31.3) | −5.5 (22.1) | −12.4 (9.7) | −19.0 (−2.2) | −26.0 (−14.8) | −26.0 (−14.8) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 2.9 (0.11) | 4.2 (0.17) | 11.1 (0.44) | 26.1 (1.03) | 60.7 (2.39) | 65.3 (2.57) | 96.4 (3.80) | 81.5 (3.21) | 72.4 (2.85) | 31.6 (1.24) | 4.3 (0.17) | 1.3 (0.05) | 457.8 (18.03) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 3.6 | 4.8 | 7.9 | 10.2 | 15.5 | 17.5 | 17.2 | 15.7 | 16.3 | 11.6 | 3.3 | 2.0 | 125.6 |
| Average snowy days | 5.7 | 7.2 | 11.2 | 9.7 | 3.5 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 3.8 | 54.4 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 45 | 47 | 51 | 55 | 61 | 67 | 71 | 73 | 74 | 68 | 53 | 44 | 59 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 192.5 | 187.4 | 215.2 | 218.1 | 208.2 | 189.7 | 207.4 | 203.2 | 164.7 | 184.8 | 196.1 | 194.8 | 2,362.1 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 61 | 60 | 58 | 55 | 48 | 44 | 47 | 49 | 45 | 54 | 64 | 64 | 54 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[6][7] | |||||||||||||
Xiahe County is divided to 8towns and 5townships.[8]
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Tibetan | Wylie | Administrative division code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Towns | ||||||
| Labrang Town (Lazhang, Labuleng) | 拉卜楞镇 | Lābǔléng Zhèn | བླ་བྲང་གྲོང་རྡལ། | bla brang grong rdal | 623027100 | |
| Panggurtang Town (Wangge'ertang) | 王格尔塘镇 | Wánggé'ěrtáng Zhèn | བང་གུར་ཐང་གྲོང་རྡལ། | bang gur thang grong rdal | 623027101 | |
| Amqog Town (Amuquhu) | 阿木去乎镇 | Āmùqùhū Zhèn | ཨ་མཆོག་གྲོང་རྡལ། | a mchog grong rdal | 623027102 | |
| Sangkog Town (Sangke) | 桑科镇 | Sāngkē Zhèn | བསང་ཁོག་གྲོང་རྡལ། | bsang khog grong rdal | 623027103 | |
| Gain'gya Town (Ganjia) | 甘加镇 | Gānjiā Zhèn | རྒན་གྱ་གྲོང་རྡལ། | rgan gya grong rdal | 623027104 | |
| Martang Town (Madang) | 麻当镇 | Mádāng Zhèn | མར་ཐང་གྲོང་རྡལ། | mar thang grong rdal | 623027105 | |
| Bora Town (Bola) | 博拉镇 | Bólā Zhèn | འབོ་ར་གྲོང་རྡལ། | 'bo ra grong rdal | 623027106 | |
| Kocê Town (Kecai) | 科才镇 | Kēcái Zhèn | ཁོ་ཚེ་གྲོང་རྡལ། | kho tshe grong rdal | 623027107 | |
| Townships | ||||||
| Damê Township (Damai) | 达麦乡 | Dámài Xiāng | མདའ་མེད་ཤང་། | mda' med shang | 623027202 | |
| Qu'ngoin Township (Qu'ao) | 曲奥乡 | Qū'ào Xiāng | ཆུ་སྔོན་ཤང་། | chu sngon shang | 623027204 | |
| Tanggarnang Township (Tangga'ang) | 唐尕昂乡 | Tánggǎ'áng Xiāng | ཐང་དཀར་ནང་ཤང་། | thang dkar nang shang | 623027205 | |
| Jayü Township (Zhayou) | 扎油乡 | Zhāyóu Xiāng | ཅ་ཡུས་ཤང་། | ca yus shang | 623027206 | |
| Gyicang Township (Jicang) | 吉仓乡 | Jícāng Xiāng | སྐྱིས་ཚང་ཤང་། | skyis tshang shang | 623027208 | |
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