Hajji Tarkhan orHajji Tarkhan al Jedid (Turki/Kypchak andPersian:حاجی ترخان,Tatar:Хаҗитархан,romanized: Xacitarxan), also known asHashtar Khan /Astarxan (Tatar:Astarxan) orAstrakhan,[1] was a medieval city at the right bank ofVolga, situated approximately 12 km north of the modern city ofAstrakhan. The first mention of the town was recorded in 1333. In the 13th and 14th centuries, it was one of the main trade and political centres of theGolden Horde. In 1395, the city was sacked byTimur. Astrakhan was rebuilt afterwards and became the capital of theKhanate of Astrakhan in 1459. In 1547, the city was seized by theCrimeankhanSahib I Giray. In 1556, Astrakhan was captured byIvan the Terrible, shortly after his capture ofKazan in 1552.[2]
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