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| Wusong 吴淞区 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subdistrict of China | |||||||||
| 1980–1988 | |||||||||
 Location of Wusong on Shanghai. | |||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | 1980 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1988 | ||||||||
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| Today part of | Part of theBaoshan District, Shanghai | ||||||||
| Wusong | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 吳淞 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 吴淞 | ||||||||
| Postal | Woosung | ||||||||
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Wusong,formerly romanized asWoosung,[n 1] is asubdistrict ofBaoshan in northernShanghai. Prior to the city's expansion, it was a separate port town located 14 miles (23 km) down theHuangpu River from Shanghai's urban core.
Wusong is named for the Wusong River, a former name for Shanghai'sSuzhou Creek. Suzhou Creek is now a tributary to theHuangpu River, emptying into it inPuxi across fromLujiazui and just north of theBund. The Huangpu had previously been a tributary to the Wusong, but the two reversed their importance when a flood caused it to gain a number of the Wusong's former tributaries. The location where the Huangpu and Wusong meet was generally known asWusongkou ("mouth of the Wusong"). As a result of an American railroader visiting the area in his sea captain days, it would also become the namesake for an unincorporated community in southwestern Ogle County, Illinois, northwest of Dixon.
Wusong housed aQing fortress protecting the entrance to Shanghai.[1] It was captured by theBritish during theBattle of Woosung on 16 June 1842, amid theFirst Opium War. During the steamship era, it was the point of departure for largesteamers bound for Shanghai.[1] This position caused it to be the site of China's first telegraph wires andfirst railroad, both running to Shanghai along what is today the route of theShanghai Metro's elevatedLine 3.[citation needed] By 1900, it boasted alighthouse and a "skeleton"teahouse, as well as a small squadron of war-junks (ty-mung) of theImperial Chinese Navy.[1]Tongji University was founded here in 1909.
In the opinion of some historians, theBattle of Shanghai represented the outbreak ofWorld War II in Asia[2] and Wusongkou was the scene of an all-out land, sea and air battle, as Imperial Japanese Marines landed here on 23 August 1937, and were attacked byChinese Air ForceHawk III fighter-attack planes escorted byP-26/281 Peashooters; the intense dogfight between the Chinese fighters andIJN fighters from aircraft carriersHōshō andRyūjō resulted in several Chinese fighters shot down, while the Japanese lost twoA4N fighters, each claimed by Capt.Liu Cuigang and Lt.John Huang, although Capt. Liu's victim managed to nurse his crippled A4N back toRyūjō.[3][4][5] Wusong was later the site of an internment camp for marines captured onWake Island after theattack on Pearl Harbor over four years later.
Wusong became a district of Shanghai, before it was abolished in 1988 and incorporated intoBaoshan District.[6]
The Wusung Radio Tower is a 321-metre-tallguyed mast situated at Wusong nearShanghai. The Wusung Radio Mast was built in the 1930s and was at the time of inauguration the world's second-tallest architectural structure after theEmpire State Building.[7]
Huang Xinrui flying in his Boeing P-26 Model 281 scored a kill over a Nakajima A4N during the Wusongkou counterattack; near Chongming Island.
Lt. Qin Jiazhu flying in his Boeing P-26 Model 281 was shot down and killed in the tense dogfight over Wusongkou on 23 August 1937.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)Capt. Liu Cuigang flying in his Curtiss Hawk III shot down an Imperial Japanese Navy A4N fighter, but the badly damaged Japanese fighter managed to return for a safe landing on Ryujo.
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31°22′30″N121°30′0″E / 31.37500°N 121.50000°E /31.37500; 121.50000
