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Wraparound (video games)

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Video game mechanic where opposite screen edges are connected

For other uses, seeWraparound (disambiguation).

Wraparound, invideo games, is when an object moves off of one side of the screen and reappears on the other side. InAsteroids, for example, the player's ship flies off of the right side of the screen, then continues on the left side with the same velocity. This is referred to aswraparound, since the top and bottom of the screen wrap around to meet, as do the left and right sides (topologically equivalent to aEuclidean 2-torus).^[1]

Some games wrap around in certain directions but not others, such asJoust (1982), which wraps left to right but not top to bottom (that is, the game world is topologically equivalent to acylinder). Some games such asAsteroids have no boundary and objects can travel over any part of the screen edge and reappear on the other side.^[2] Others such asPac-Man,Wizard of Wor, and some games in theBomberman series, have a boundary surrounding most of the playing area, but have a few paths connecting the left side to the right, or the top to the bottom, that characters can travel on.

In contrast, some games such asDefender (1981) do not allow objects to leave one edge of the screen and reenter by the other, but do have a toroidal game world, in the sense that flying far enough in one direction will lead the player back where he started.Manifold Garden (2019) applies the same "world-wrapping" in three dimensions.

History

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This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding missing information.(November 2014)

1962'sSpacewar! has a wraparound playfield,^[3] as does the first commercial arcade video game,Computer Space (1971). Wraparound was common in games throughout the 1970s and early 1980s, includingSpace Race (1973),Combat (1977),Asteroids (1979), andStar Castle (1980).^[1]Surround (1977) for the Atari 2600 has a gameplay option called "wraparound" in the manual.^[4]

Examples

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Notable examples of video games that employed wraparound mechanics:

Pac-Man (1980): When Pac-Man reaches the edge of the screen, he reappears on the opposite side, enabling continuous movement through the maze.
Asteroids (1979): In this arcade shooter, the game space wraps around. ManyAsteroids-inspired games, such asGeometry Wars, also do this.
Super Mario Bros. series (1985-present): Many entries in the Super Mario Bros. franchise utilize wraparound, particularly in platforming levels.^{[citation needed]}^{[clarification needed]}