| Woronora | |
|---|---|
 Woronora River | |
  NASA satellite view ofGreater Metropolitan Sydney, with the location of themouth of the Woronora River, as marked | |
| Etymology | Aboriginal (Dharug): "black rocks"[1] |
| Location | |
| Country | Australia |
| State | New South Wales |
| Region | Greater Metropolitan Sydney |
| LGA | Sutherland Shire |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | Illawarra escarpment |
| 2nd source | Waratah Rivulet |
| • location | nearDarkes Forest |
| • coordinates | 34°23′17″S150°54′18″E / 34.38806°S 150.90500°E /-34.38806; 150.90500 |
| • elevation | 353 m (1,158 ft) |
| Mouth | confluence with theGeorges River |
• location | betweenComo andIllawong |
• coordinates | 33°59′40″S151°4′3″E / 33.99444°S 151.06750°E /-33.99444; 151.06750 |
• elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
| Length | 36 km (22 mi) |
| Basin size | 174 km2 (67 sq mi) |
| Basin features | |
| River system | Georges River catchment |
| Tributaries | |
| • left | Still Creek (New South Wales) |
| • right | Heathcote Creek, Forbes Creek (New South Wales) |
| Dam | Woronora (1941) |
| [2] | |
TheWoronora River is aperennial river of theSydney Basin, located in theSutherland Shirelocal government area ofGreater Metropolitan Sydney, approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) south of theSydney central business district, inNew South Wales,Australia.
'Woronora' is an Aboriginal place name. Records show the spelling of the name has varied since it first appeared in the 19th century, the earliest being Wooloonora (Dixon, 1827, quoted in Walker 1974:66, followed by Wolonora (Dixon, 1837, and Woronora Mitchell, 1835). The name was first applied to the Woronora River, a tributary of the Georges River, before being given to an electoral district, a local road east of the river, and finally the suburb itself.
The Woronora River rises on the northwestern slopes of the Illawarra escarpment and has its origin from Waratah Rivulet, near Darkes Forest, and flows generally north for approximately 36 kilometres (22 mi), joined by three minor tributaries, before reaching its confluence with the Georges River, between Como and Illawong.
It has its origin from Waratah Rivulet, nearDarkes Forest, and flows generally north for approximately 36 kilometres (22 mi), joined by three minor tributaries, before reaching itsconfluence with theGeorges River, betweenComo andIllawong. The total catchment area of the river is approximately 174 square kilometres (67 sq mi) and the area is generally administered by theSydney Catchment Authority in its upper reaches and the Sutherland Shire Council in its lower reaches.[3] Much of thecourse of the river is through the Dharawal State Conservation Area,Heathcote National Park and theRoyal National Park as it descends 354 metres (1,161 ft) from source to mouth.[2]
The river is impounded by theWoronora Dam, opened in 1941. The 71,790-megalitre (2,535×10^6 cu ft) impoundment is Lake Woronora, formed to augmentwater supply for southern Sydney and the northernIllawarra region.[2]
The Woronora River is traversed by high level and low levelroad bridges and a footbridge in the suburb ofWoronora. A road bridge on Heathcote Road, linkingHeathcote andHolsworthy also provides a crossing over the river. At the area known as "The Needles", near Woronora Road inEngadine, a footbridge links the suburb toBarden Ridge. "The Needles" is considered the "head of navigation" where there is relatively deep water with pointed vertical rocks, mostly just below the surface, hence the name. Until 2008, there was a vehicle causeway there at an area called the Pass of Sabugal, so named by Major Mitchell who surveyed the route in 1843 for what would become part of Old Illawarra Road. The causeway was modified in 2008 to allow the passage of fish and so is now unsuitable for vehicular traffic but still suitable for pedestrians or cyclists. The Needles area is downstream of Heathcote Rd bridge by about 3.4 km. Just above the Heathcote Rd bridge was "Woronora Wier" which was demolished pre-1994 and the roadside parking area removed for safety reasons.
In theAustralian AboriginalDharug language the river draws its name, meaning "black rocks".[1] 'Woronora' is an Aboriginal place name. Records show the spelling of the name has varied since it first appeared in the 19th century, the earliest being Wooloonora (Dixon, 1827, quoted in Walker 1974:66, followed by Wolonora (Dixon, 1837, and Woronora Mitchell, 1835). The name was first applied to the Woronora River, a tributary of the Georges River, before being given to an electoral district, a local road east of the river, and finally the suburb itself.[3]
