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Workers' Front (Spain)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Political party in Spain
Not to be confused withFrente Obrero (Nicaragua) and theWorkers' Front of Catalonia.

Workers' Front
Frente Obrero
AbbreviationFO
LeaderRoberto Vaquero
Founded14 October 2018[1]
Registered13 March 2019[2]
HeadquartersCalle Gascó Oliag 6, PTA 42. 46010 Valencia
NewspaperUNIÓN
Student wingEstudiantes en Lucha[3]
Youth wingJuventud Frente Obrero[4]
Membership(2023)~1,500[5]
Ideology
Political positionFar-left[a]
Congress of Deputies
0 / 350
Senate
0 / 265
European Parliament
0 / 61
Local seats
1 / 67,152
Website
https://frenteobrero.es/


The logo of the party's youth wing,Juventud Frente Obrero,[50] and student wing,Estudiantes en Lucha.[51]

TheWorkers' Front (Spanish:Frente Obrero,FO) is aMarxist–Leninist political party in Spain, withRoberto Vaquero serving as its leader since June 2022. It was founded in October 2018 as a mass organisation by theanti-revisionist partyPML (RC) and registered as a separatepolitical party in March 2019. As of 2025, the Workers' Front took part to several national, regional, local, and European elections, winning one local seat in May 2023.

The Workers' Front's political positions include Marxism–Leninism,socialist patriotism,Spanish republicanism,Spanish nationalism,hard Euroscepticism, andsocial conservatism, with aHoxahist faction. Despite rejecting theleft–right political spectrum, considering the mainstream left to have abandoned theworking class and joined theright-wing in supportingneoliberalism, the party is commonly described asleft-wing andfar-left, more in line withCommunist parties in Eastern Europe. It is also considered aleft-conservative party, compared to the GermanSahra Wagenknecht Alliance. As a result of its conservative stances on socio-cultural issues, various critics and observers compared the Workers' Front to the far-rightVox and described it asreactionary andright-wing populist in nature, including that the party wasNational Bolshevik, a claim that Vaquero strongly contested.

History

[edit]

The Workers' Front was established on 14 October 2018 at theAteneo de Madrid as afront organisation of the PML (RC).[1] Subsequently, the Workers' Front expanded to several cities in Spain, such asLa Coruña,León,Ponferrada,Zaragoza, andCádiz.[52] In 2021, the party participated in Okupas, a Spanishsquatting movement. FO occupied a prestigious building in theMercado de Colón district inValencia. It organized a food bank and the homeless shelter in the building, attacking the local government for not helping over 1,000 homeless people in Valencia. The party also hung the flag of theSecond Spanish Republic on the building.[53]

In May 2021, members of the Workers' Front organized a protest against the leader of thePodemos partyIrene Montero in Valencia. The party accused Montero and her party of "leaving the workers in the lurch", claiming that Podemos organizes bailouts to banks and companies while Spanish workers are going "months without pay and suffering evictions". FO protesters argued that thefeminist and pro-LGBT stances taken by Montero are "symbolic struggles that do not represent reality".[54] On 12 June 2022, their first congress was held. During the congress, the decision to become a political party was approved by the members. Representatives from other organizations, such as thePolisario Front, spoke during the congress.[55]

In the2023 Spanish general election, the Workers' Front gained 46,530 and won no seats.[44] In late 2023, the group announced they would be participating in the2023 Spanish protests against thePSOE government.[56] Since then, the Workers' Front and Vaquero (the party leader since 14 June 2022) gained a presence on social media and national television in Spain, participating in debates on current political issues, such asHorizonte on channelCuatro.[57] In the2023 Spanish local elections, a party member was elected councilor ofMandayona in theGuadalajara municipality.[58]

In the2024 European Parliament election in Spain, the party won 66,242 votes, improving its result from the 2023 general election where it received 46,274 votes.[59] In 2025, the party sparked controversy for publicizingneighborhood watch patrols created in response toimmigrant crime and allegeddrug trafficking. In January 2026, Frente Obrero joined the protests of Spanish farmers organized against theEU–Mercosur Partnership Agreement.[60]

Ideology

[edit]

The Workers' Front was established as Marxism–Leninist party, with conservative stances on social and cultural issues.[61][62] It considers itself a "patriotic and revolutionary movement that fights for and on behalf of workers, for and on behalf of Spain", with the goal of implementing "drastic changes" in Spain and "ending the current regime".[63] Strongly connected with the PML (RC), the Italian historianSteven Forti described it as oscillating between National Bolshevism and "hardline Stalinism".[64] The party was also described ascommunist by the Spanishnewspapers of record, and was classified byEl Mundo as "a communist, republican, anti-oligarchic party".[65] The party claimed to reject the labels of political left and right, considering them "two sides of the same coin";[13] however, its leader Roberto Vaquero described Frente Obrero as "the militant, working-class left".[66] The party was described as left-wing by political commentators and political scientists,[68] and was also commonly described as far-left,[69] with Eugene Costello arguing that the party is "about as far left as you can get".[53]

Frente Obrero is considered to share thenational communist profile of the RussianCPRF.[70]The European Conservative described the party as a representative of the "patriotic, pre-woke, pro-work left".[13]El Progreso characterized it as "theold left, as opposed to the identity left",[71] and as an "ultranationalist communist party".[72] According toLa Razón, "with a republican and federalist ideology, it has been classified within the communist ideological spectrum".[73] Of the party, its leader wrote: "The need for workers' reorganization is vital, it is necessary to fight for revolutionary unity in a broad, united front of all workers. With this aim in mind, the Frente Obrero was born, which only tries to serve the unity of all those who want to rebuild a revolutionary, working class and militant left, which truly resists this system and its single thinking, which defends the workers, our country and which of course is aimed at the transformation and progress of our society."[74] He defined the Workers' Front as a "national political and revolutionary front with the aim of fighting for the unity of the workers and for the transformation of our society, it is committed to a popular and federal Republic aimed at socialism."[74]

Party programme

[edit]

In its party programmeA Spain for the Workers, the Workers' Front postulated nationalsovereignty, Hispanic identity (Hispanidad), free university education,[75]nationalization of the Spanish economy, establishment of a socialist economic system,[76] energy sovereignty,nuclear energy, increasing theminimum wage, supporting the rural sector, promotingbirth rates, creating morepublic housing, introducingrent control, and limitingimmigration.[77] The party focuses on class struggle and aplanned economy, preservation of the "classical, Christian" culture of Spain, and support forSpanish republicanism.[78] It also called for Spanish withdrawal from theEuropean Union (EU) andNATO, along with expropriation of large landowners and political amnesty for political prisoners;[79] the party criticizedliberal democracy as "a scam designed to favor the party system that defends the interests of big capital", and instead supported "promoting and protecting our culture, history, and traditions from those who only want to see it disappear so they can control us more effectively".[80] The party also takes an openly anti-capitalist and anti-free trade stance, decrying both capitalist and free trade as a threat to the Spanish workers and the economic sovereignty of Spain.[60]

In its programme, the Workers' Front called for "the overthrow of the monarchy imposed by Franco" and its replacement by a "federal, popular republic on the path to socialism". It called for adictatorship of the proletariat which would destroy "the repressive apparatus of the state: the judiciary, administration, police", and be a "democratic regime for the working class" but "dictatorial for the bourgeoisie and other exploiting classes".[81] The party's federal popular republic would pursue "the recovery of Spanish national sovereignty", reindustrializing the country, nationalizing the Spanish economy, "repealing the successive labor reforms that have strengthened free and cheap dismissal for companies", expelling all foreign military bases, closing the border with Morocco, and immediately expelling all immigrants who committed crimes. In its opposition to the European Union, the Workers' Front argued that "Spanish sovereignty is being held hostage by the EU", which the party said "dictates how much and what we produce, tying our hands and feet, denying us the future we deserve."[82] Since its establisment, the party also expressed opposition tocapitalism, NATO,surrogacy, feminism,deindustrialization,queer theory, the Trans Law (Ley Trans),affirmative action,Islamization,[83]cosmopolitanism, andpolitical correctness.[75]

The party adheres toHoxhaist ideology. It is critical ofCuba,North Korea,China, andVenezuela, arguing that these countries are not socialist but neoliberal (China and Venezuela), state capitalist (Cuba), or "crazy" (North Korea). Vaquero argues that the only decent socialist regimes have been theSoviet Union underLenin andStalin, as well as theSocialist People's Republic of Albania (1944-1985) of Enver Hoxha. In contrast, the party has denouncedKhrushchev as "revisionist", YugoslavTito as "opportunist",Trotskyism andMaoism as deviations from Marxism, and RomanianCeaușescu for opening the Romanian economy to the West. Hoxha has been described as the party's role model. The party attacks the "pop left" (Spanish:izquierda pop) for falling into a "diversity trap", arguing that causes such as feminism, animal rights, inclusive language or environmentalism become "battles comfortable for the [capitalist] system" and bury the class struggle in the long run. Frente Obrero is supported by theCommunist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist).[84] Frente Obrero has displayed the portraits of Lenin and Stalin during its marches, and featured banners "in honor of those who fell for theRepublic" and emblems of the Soviet Union.[85]

Classification

[edit]

In 2021, Spanish political scientist Jasiel Paris argued that the Workers' Front represents the "classic left" orold left, and stands to the opposition of thepostmodernist left; for Workers' Front, "Marxism sought the empowerment of workers (who in Spain are mostly white, heterosexual men), while the postmodern left seeks empowerment against white, heterosexual men". Paris observed that the Workers' Front should be compared to the Eastern European Communist parties, such as theCommunist Party of the Russian Federation,Macedonian Left, and theParty of Communists of the Republic of Moldova, as these parties together with the Workers' Front combine "a socialist economic vision with a cultural vision that we could call conservative because it is patriotic, protectionist and family-oriented".[81] The Workers' Front was also considered similar to the GermanBündnis Sahra Wagenknecht, and both parties share views such as advocating a rapprochement with Russia and opposition to immigration, 'queers', feminism, and environmentalism.[86]

Frente Obrero has also been described as [socially] "reactionary left",[87] left-wing nationalist, left-wing conservative, and as adhering to traditional and nationalist values.[88] Considered to represent the nationalist and conservative left, the party expressed support for traditional values and closeness to nationalism, focusing on the workerist blue-collar perspective, and its proposals reiterated criticism against "gender ideology" or the "LGBTI lobby".[89] The party expressedopposition to immigration, advocating strict border control, and arguing that the wages of Spanish workers are declining because of liberal immigration laws; however, the party also stressed that "immigrants are not to blame" and are "victims", with the real culprit being "the capitalist system, which promotes this type of migration to exploit them and lower wages in Spain", and that "the most rancid right uses immigration to generate hatred and social confrontation". Nonetheless, the party recommended strict control of immigration, including the immediate expulsion of illegal immigrants.[90]

Social issues

[edit]

The Workers' Front strongly criticized socially progressive left-wing parties. It considersqueer theory and other postmodernist causes to be a corrupting element on the left that alienates it from labor.[91] The party accused Podemos of being "a pawn at the service of big business and banks", while arguing thatMás País was "leaving the workers on the street". It argued that the mainstream left-wing parties of Spain alienated the workers and caused the rise of thefar-right Vox by embracing neoliberal economics and "gender ideology".[92] The party's stance is compared to the German BSW, and both parties criticize 'woke leftism' as "weapons of capital that create precarity for the European proletariat".[93] The party also calls forremigration that is to be achieved via mass deportation of immigrants.[94]

The party argues that there are many similarities between fascism and liberalism,[95] while rejecting feminism, theanimal rights movement,social democracy, and theLGBT movement, with Vaquero stating: "No matter how many revolutionary symbols and terms they use to disguise themselves, they are part of the system, they are part of the problem. For them, everything is fascism, but they defend the system's single mindset. They are closer to what they accuse everyone else of than they realise. ... Workers don't care about queer theory, inclusive language, quotas and other nonsense. This 'woke left' does not represent workers, nor does it provide solutions to their problems. For this reason, many workers are becoming disillusioned and criminalising the left, moving closer to positions such as those of thePP or even VOX."[66]

While defining itself within the framework of Marxism–Leninism, the Workers' Front heavily incorporated nationalist and patriotic themes into its message. For example, the party stressed and promoted the need to defend the national sovereignty of Spain, as well as revolutionary patriotism and national pride. Within its communist rhetoric, the party stressed the policies and ideas ofJoseph Stalin.[96] It also condemned theMay 68 protests, with party leader Vaquero stating: "The left today is the heir of May 1968, when, as Pasolini said, the most working-class people in that conflict were the police, who were at least the sons of peasants. The students were, for the most part, the sons of rich people, since money was needed to study. The left today is empty, there is no revolution."[59] He also wrote:

Cosmopolitanism is currently being promoted. … It is a kind of globalism, a transgressive culture which, although they try to convince us that it is the international culture of the moment that prevails over national cultures, is nothing more than the hegemonic American culture that they are trying to impose on the rest of the world. … The collective identities that united people in the past are now under attack from individualism, consumerism and the pursuit of personal satisfaction in the moment, regardless of the consequences. The important thing is that you consume, and collective identities get in the way of that: differences with other potential consumers only make it harder for the large companies that promote this way of acting to make more profits. They seek to homogenise the population, isolate it and create docile, alienated and submissive consumers.[97]

The Workers' Front showed opposition to theindependence of Catalonia, arguing that the pro-independence Catalan parties "do not even represent independence" and instead have "fostered Islamization and mass immigration in Catalonia". Ahead of the2024 Catalan regional election, the Workers' Front announced its participation and called for Catalan voters to reject "Islamization and the fictitious separatist process".[98] The party instead proposed to turn Spain into a federation.[13] It also expressed support for Spanish ownership ofCeuta andMelilla, and decried Moroccan claims to these cities.[99] The Workers' Front also claimed the Spanish ownership ofGibraltar, calling it a colony that is an "important strategic enclave that does not belong to them [the United Kingdom]", and arguing that its native population was expelled by the British.[75] It calls for "expelling all foreign military bases, starting with the British army's presence in Gibraltar."[5]

The party showed support forKurdish independence,[66] as well as the self-determination ofWestern Sahara,[82] declaring that "Spain will assume its historical debt and will defend without reservation the right of the Sahrawi people to self-determination."[5] Vaquero condemned support for Ukraine in theRusso-Ukrainian war, writing: "The new left talks a lot about the struggle for peace and against the vestiges of colonialism, but then supports any action taken by NATO. If it is in line with their conception of 'human rights', then it is fine. The left wing spent years saying 'No to war' in Iraq, but they have not taken the same stance with Ukraine. It all depends on what suitsUncle Sam."[100] Frente Obrero's sister party PML-RC declares its non-support for the conflict, seeing the Russo-Ukrainian War as a confrontation between two capitalist countries for territory, although Vaquero interviewed a Spanish volunteer fighting on the Russian side.[101]

Criticism

[edit]

Since its establishment, the Workers' Front attracted criticism from other leftist organizations astransphobic due to its opposition to what it calls "gender ideology" and support of the idea that gender identity (especially being a woman) is only a feeling. DuringPride Month, the Workers' Front denounced public pro-LGBT campaigns by other political mainstream, accusing them of "politicizing sexual orientation and making it something supposedly revolutionary, while implementing reactionary measures such as queer ideology or the trans law". The party altered pro-LGBT posters; for example, in a poster that read "My partner is bisexual", the party's activists crossed out "bisexual", replacing it with "unemployed". As a result, the Workers' Front's actions and rhetoric was criticized ashomophobic.[102]

Left-wing critics argued that the Workers' Front was reactionary andracist because of its strong opposition to the increasing presence of Islamic immigration not integrated into European societies (allegedly disrespectful of women's or LGBT's rights, other times linked to higher crime rates than the native population, or with violent events motivated by religious fanaticism). In addition, critics negatively compared it to the far-right partyVox,[103][104] and accused it of giving credit to theGreat Replacement theory.[105] In November 2022, the Workers' Front was attacked for organizing a march at theComplutense University of Madrid that exalted Stalin. The event resulted in members of the party clashing with local far-left student organizations, including the TrotskyistWorkers' Revolutionary Current.[106] According to left-wing critics, the Workers' Front "expresses the most reactionary Stalinism, specifically aimed at establishing itself among the youth of working-class neighborhoods".[90]

The party has been called a "left-wing Vox" given its conservative stances on social issues, such as its opposition to immigration, LGBT rights, feminism, and its attacks on the "Islamization" of Spain and "gender ideology". The Spanish magazineThe Objective [es] argued that the Workers' Front was "reminiscent of Vox's in some points: immigration control, promotion of births, and opposition to positive discrimination against women".[107]El Español also observed that the party took a mildly defensive tone towards Vox, arguing that Vox is not fascist or far-right; instead, Vaquero argues: "They are right-wing populists; now, they call everything politically incorrect fascist and they are distorting the term."[81] Spanish political analyst Asier Balaguer Navarro rejected this claim, writing: "Yes, in the sense that many of its proposals, precisely those that coincide with the conservative party, have a lot of social resonance, and are easily assimilated by the electoral objective of the party; also yes, because of the confrontation with political correctness, defense of the unity of Spain or the rejection of the 'woke laws'. But that is where the similarities end. The Workers' Front is against the EU, it still has a communist base in which the public and the planned are a substantial part of its economic theories; it is openly republican, anti-NATO, secular..."[78]

The Workers' Front has been criticized as National Bolshevik.[64] In an interview, Vaquero strongly rejected this classification, stating: "National Bolshevism, as a term, is used by people with little understanding of ideology or politics to criminalise those who do not fit in with the revolutionary fads of the system. If you are a patriot, you are a National Bolshevik. If you disagree with the government's nonsense, you are too. If you disagree with the ravings of the Queer lobby, you are too. If you are against the bourgeois Catalan independence process, of course you are too. And finally, if you say that class struggle is the main thing and that the transversality of struggles only reinforces the system, oops! Then you're definitely a Nazbol. It's absurd. National Bolshevism does not draw on Marxism. It is twinned with fascism, and we are anti-fascists, but for real, not as a fashion, an aesthetic marked by the system itself."[66]

The party was also described as a representative of "red-brownism" (Spanish:rojipardismo). Steven Forti argues that the party oscillates "betweenrojipardismo and hardline Stalinism".[64] Some Spanish commentators accuse the party of being "red-brown" or "left-wing fascists", citing Frente Obrero's concept of a "national working class" which rejects any ideology that dilutes the collective into the individual. The party declares a crusade against the "woke and postmodern left", dismisses feminism as an anti-revolutionary ideology that pits women against men, rejects queer theory for "replacing the collective with the individual", and supports closing border against illegal immigration.[108] In contrast, political scientist Fernando José Vaquero Oroquiet criticized the use of the term, stating that it is used to accuse figures and parties of National Bolshevism or convergence with Nazism, even when they are far removed from such ideas, listing Hásel-Paris Álvarez,Ana Iris Simón, Víctor Lenore, German BSW and Frente Obrero as examples.[109]

Elections

[edit]

The Workers' Front participated in elections for the first time in the2023 Spanish local elections. They ran inVilalba dels Arcs (Catalonia),Santa Margalida (Balearic Islands),Mislata (Valencian Community), andMandayona (Castilla–La Mancha), winning one seat in Mandayona.

Election results

[edit]
2023 Spanish local elections
MunicipalityVotes%Seats
Vilalba dels Arcs277.6%0
Santa Margalida1001.8%0
Mislata2551.1%0
Mandayona4221.6%1

Cortes Generales

[edit]
ElectionLeading candidateCongressSenateGovernment
Votes%Seats+/–Seats+/–
2023Roberto Vaquero46,2740.19 (14th)
0 / 350
Steady 0
0 / 208
Steady 0Extra-parliamentary

European Parliament

[edit]
European Parliament
ElectionLeading candidateVotes%Seats+/–EP Group
2024Roberto Vaquero66,0390.38 (12th)
0 / 61
Steady 0

Regional parliaments

[edit]
RegionElectionVotes%Seats+/–Government
Basque Country2024Did not contest
0 / 75
Steady 0No seats
Catalonia202410,1180.32 (12th)
0 / 135
Steady 0No seats
Galicia2024Did not contest
0 / 75
Steady 0No seats

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^The party argues that "the left-right dichotomy is no longer valid".[13] However, its leaderRoberto Vaquero states that the party represents "the militant, working-class left".[14] It has been overwhelmingly described as far-left,[37] as well as left-wing, by the international media,[41] national media,[45] regional media,[46] and political scientists.[49]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ab"Presentación del comité pro-Frente Obrero España"(PDF).UNION. October 2018. p. 6. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 4 January 2021. Retrieved9 July 2023.
  2. ^Sáiz-Pardo, Melchor (11 November 2023)."La ultraizquierda también protesta ante Ferraz contra «las cesiones a los independentistas»".El Diario Vasco (in Spanish).Madrid.Frente Obrero, inscrito en el registro de partidos del Ministerio del Interior el 13 de marzo de 2019, está liderado por Roberto Vaquero, un viejo alumno de Pablo Iglesias en la Universidad Complutense y que convivió en las aulas con otros personajes del mundo de Podemos/ Sumar como Íñigo Errejón. [Frente Obrero, registered with the Ministry of the Interior on March 13, 2019, is led by Roberto Vaquero, a former student of Pablo Iglesias at the Complutense University who studied alongside other figures from the world of Podemos/Sumar, such as Íñigo Errejón.]
  3. ^"La concentración del Centro Social y Nacional, contraprogramada por el Frente Obrero".Salamanca 24 Horas (in Spanish).Salamanca. 2 May 2019.
  4. ^"Unos jóvenes del Frente Obrero increpan a Errejón: "Sois unos traidores. Los obreros votan a Vox por algo"" [Workers' Front youth rebukes Errejón: “You are traitors. Workers vote for Vox for a reason.”].Europa Press (in Spanish). 21 February 2019.Junto con las imágenes que están difundiendo como "escrache", Juventud Frente Obrero asegura que van "a echar" de los barrios "a todos los políticos que se dedican a engañar a los trabajadores y a vender humo, políticos que se lucran a base de la miseria de los trabajadores y que por lo único que miran es por su sillón en el congreso". [Along with the images they are spreading as “escrache,” Juventud Frente Obrero assures that they will “kick out” of the neighborhoods “all politicians who are dedicated to deceiving workers and selling smoke, politicians who profit from the misery of workers and who only care about their seats in Congress.”]
  5. ^abcOndarra, Marcos (13 April 2023)."La izquierda 'obrera' que escrachea al Gobierno anuncia que se presentará a las generales".The Objective (in Spanish).
  6. ^
  7. ^"Sobre el Frente Obrero y los migrantes: del patriotismo socialista al nacional bolchevismo".indymedia.org (in Spanish). 25 April 2023.Porque al reivindicar, el Frente Obrero, en la España imperialista y capitalista del siglo XXI, el patriotismo socialista del FRAP y el PCE (m-l), nacido durante las incertidumbres del tardofranquismo, dicho patriotismo se deposita, preferentemente, en aquellos sectores obreros o de clase media que no están alienados nacionalmente al poseer, aunque precariamente, dichos derechos de ciudadanía.
  8. ^Balaguer Navarro, Asier (29 January 2024)."El fenómeno del Frente Obrero en España".Nueva Libertad (in Spanish).El Frente Obrero está en contra de la UE, sigue teniendo una base comunista en la que lo público y lo planificado son parte sustancial de sus teorías económica; es abiertamente republicano, anti OTAN, laico...
  9. ^
  10. ^
    • Alemán Alonso, Marcos Adrián (6 August 2024)."La «vocación revolucionaria» de las nuevas derechas".La Joven Cuba (in Spanish).No pocos grupos políticos de un corte usualmente considerado como izquierdista han presentado programas con elementos conservadores, que incluyen reivindicaciones nacionalistas, lucha contra la «ideología de género» y políticas migratorias restrictivas y asimilacionistas. Una muestra interesante puede encontrarse en España, con el Frente Obrero (FO), fundado por el comunista ―y ahora youtuber― Roberto Vaquero, autoproclamado defensor del marxismo-leninismo y la Unión Soviética de Stalin, que ha desarrollado una intensa campaña contra la llamada «islamización» del país ibérico y la influencia de la izquierda «progre». […] Vemos así que el conservadurismo revolucionario ha ganado terreno incluso en las denominaciones tradicionalmente consideradas de izquierda, dando nacimiento a una nueva generación de «izquierdas conservadoras». [Quite a few political groups commonly regarded as left-wing have presented programs with conservative elements, including nationalist demands, the fight against “gender ideology,” and restrictive and assimilationist immigration policies. An interesting example can be found in Spain, with the Frente Obrero (FO), founded by communist—and now YouTuber—Roberto Vaquero, a self-proclaimed defender of Marxism-Leninism and Stalin's Soviet Union, who has developed an intense campaign against the so-called “Islamization” of the Iberian country and the influence of the “progressive” left. [...] We can thus see that revolutionary conservatism has gained ground even in denominations traditionally considered left-wing, giving rise to a new generation of “conservative leftism.”]
    • "Frente Obrero se suma al despliegue de lonas en Madrid: "Que te vote Mohamed VI"".Vozpópuli (in Spanish). 14 July 2023.Frente Obrero, la izquierda nacionalista y conservadora crítica con la cuestión marroquí. [Frente Obrero, the nationalist and conservative left critical of the Moroccan question.]
    • "El Frente Obrero Despliega Lona Criticando al Gobierno en Madrid".Ciudad Noticias (in Spanish). 14 July 2023.El Frente Obrero, un partido de izquierda nacionalista que mantiene una posición conservadora, ha sido crítico respecto a la cuestión marroquí. [The Workers' Front, a party of the nationalist left with a conservative stance, has been critical regarding the Moroccan question.]
  11. ^Ondarra, Marcos (12 April 2023)."El Frente Obrero amenaza con escrachear a todo el Gobierno en la precampaña electoral".The Objective (in Spanish).El politólogo Hasel Paris sostiene que esta combinación a priori exótica es común en los partidos comunistas europeos (como el ruso o el moldavo), que han conjugado «una visión económica socialista con una visión cultural que podríamos denominar conservadora por patriota, proteccionista y familiar».
  12. ^
    • "Una crítica marxista al programa electoral del Frente Obrero (1º Parte)".canarias-semanal.org (in Spanish). 17 July 2023.El PML (RC), partido que tenía una línea marxista vulgar y con ciertas filias hacia el hoxhaismo, pareció recoger el guante de su secretario general y comenzó a tener una línea muy similar a la del canal de Youtube de su líder. En 2018, ya pasado todo lo relacionado con el problema que les originó su participación en la guerra imperialista en Siria, el PML(RC) fundó el Frente Obrero, al que quisieron convertir en su 'frente de masas'.
    • Fernández, Andoni (23 March 2020)."Frente Obrero: así es el Vox leninista que se ríe de la 'izquierda pop'".Moncloa (in Spanish).El Frente Obrero no se achanta cuando le hablan de Cuba, Corea del Norte, China o Venezuela porque para este partido todos estos países son o ejemplo de neoliberalismo (China), de capitalismo de Estado (Cuba) o de desvaríos juanches (Corea del Norte). ... Y también mira con simpatía hacia la República Popular Socialista de Albania (1944-1985) de Enver Hoxha, que se divorció de la Unión Soviética tras la muerte de Stalin y de China tras la muerte de Mao. ... Esta visión de la historia desde el hoxhismo no es nueva entre el comunismo español, que apoyó un dirigente albano que se quedó sin apoyos en la esfera internacional (hecho que conllevó el aislamiento y atraso tecnológico del país).
  13. ^abcd"Return of the Old Left: A Look at the Spanish Worker's Front".The European Conservative. 25 March 2023. Retrieved9 July 2023.
  14. ^Palomo, Aleksandro (December 2020). "Los principios ideológicos no admiten modas".El Viejo Topo (in Spanish) (395). Barcelona: 32.ISSN 0210-2706.El Frente Obrero, como muy bien se puede ver en su programa, recupera y hace suya toda la esencia revolucionaria de la izquierda combativa y obrera que hemos tenido en este país. [The Workers' Front, as can be clearly seen in its programme, recovers and embodies the revolutionary essence of the militant, working-class left that we have had in this country.]
  15. ^ab"53,000 flags on a Valencia beach to honour the victims of coronavirus in Spain".Murcia Today. 5 October 2020.... the Frente Obrero Group, a far-left organisation which campaigns for the re-institution of a Republic in Spain...
  16. ^abSáiz-Pardo, Melchor (11 November 2023)."La ultraizquierda también protesta ante Ferraz contra 'las cesiones a los independentistas'".El Correo. Madrid.Frente Obrero, el partido de ultraizquierda pero nacionalista español que ha hecho de su seña de identidad sus ataques a Sumar y Podemos...
  17. ^abVeiga, Diego Rodríguez (17 May 2021)."Carmen, la joven de Frente Obrero que escrachea a Irene Montero: 'Se llena la boca con el feminismo'".El Español (in Spanish).Detrás del escrache están los mismos que intentaron expulsar a Iglesias de la Complutense: el grupo de extrema izquierda Frente Obrero, capitaneados en esta ocasión por Carmen López, una joven de 23 años que se encuentra cursando el último año de Química y que lleva dos años militando en la organización.
  18. ^ab"Juan Pina y Roberto Vaquero debatieron sobre el fascismo en la UFM".Fundalib.org (in Spanish).La gran casa de estudios del liberalismo acogió en esta ocasión a Juan Pina, Secretario General de la Fundación, y Roberto Vaquero, líder de la organización de extrema izquierda Frente Obrero.
  19. ^ab"Un grupo radical de izquierda alienta una protesta en Ferraz contra la amnistía".El Debate (in Spanish). 9 November 2023. Retrieved12 November 2023.El grupo radical de izquierda Frente Obrero ha convocado una manifestación el próximo sábado 11 de noviembre a las 12:30 horas en frente de la sede socialista de Ferraz para protestar en contra de la amnistía que el presidente del Gobierno, Pedro Sánchez, está pactando con el secesionismo para los líderes del procés. [The far-left group Frente Obrero has called for a demonstration on Saturday, November 11, at 12:30 p.m. in front of the socialist headquarters in Ferraz to protest against the amnesty that Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez is negotiating with the secessionists for the leaders of the Catalan independence movement.]
  20. ^abVázquez, Pepe Luis (11 April 2023).""¿Cuánto te paga Rabat?" Frente Obrero boicotea a Sánchez como ya hizo con Iglesias e Irene Montero".El Español (in Spanish).El grupo de ultra izquierda Frente Obrero ha vuelto a las andadas. [The far-left group Frente Obrero has returned to its old ways.]
  21. ^ab"Escrache de un grupo de izquierdas a Errejón: «Traidores, habéis dejado a los trabajadores tirados»".ABC (in Spanish). 21 February 2019.A la salida, una veintena de jóvenes pertenecientes al grupo de extrema izquierda Frente Obrero lo esperaban. [At the exit, around twenty young people belonging to the far-left group Frente Obrero were waiting for him.]
  22. ^ab"Escucha las noticias de OKDIARIO del 16 de diciembre de 2020".OK Diario (in Spanish). 16 December 2020.Los okupas pertenecen a una organización de extrema izquierda: Frente Obrero. [The squatters belong to a far-left organization: the Workers' Front.]
  23. ^ab"Vox denuncia que su sede de Palma ha sido apedreada".Última Hora. 1 April 2019.En esa pintada aparece el nombre de la organización de extrema izquierda Frente Obrero. [The name of the far-left organization Frente Obrero appears in that graffiti.]
  24. ^ab"Juan Pina y Roberto Vaquero debatieron sobre el fascismo en la UFM"(PDF).Avance de la Libertad (in Spanish) (28): 51. 28 December 2022.La gran casa de estudios del liberalismo acogió en esta ocasión a Juan Pina, Secretario General de la Fundación, y Roberto Vaquero, líder de la organización de extrema izquierda Frente Obrero. [On this occasion, the great house of liberal studies welcomed Juan Pina, Secretary General of the Foundation, and Roberto Vaquero, leader of the far-left organization Frente Obrero.]
  25. ^ab"Iker Jiménez did not give Abascal's wife what he did give to a man accused of serious crimes".Contando Estrelas. 31 January 2025.At the same time, Roberto Vaquero, leader of two far-left parties - the Workers' Front and Communist Reconstruction - frequently appears on "Horizonte", even though neither of these two parties has parliamentary representation.
  26. ^ab"Ultraizquierda en Ferraz".Diario de León (in Spanish).León, Spain. 12 November 2023.Frente Obrero, el partido de ultraizquierda pero nacionalista español… [Frente Obrero, the Spanish far-left but nationalist party…]
  27. ^abBellvis, Vicente (19 October 2025)."Del Galgo de Paiporta…a la galga de Torrent, el gobierno sigue sin acudir a ver a los vecinos de la riuà y barrancà".Noticias Ciudadanas (in Spanish).Frente Obrero: Es un grupo político y sindical de ultraizquierda, vinculado al Partido Marxista-Leninista Reconstrucción Comunista (PML-RC). [Frente Obrero: A far-left political and trade union group linked to the Marxist-Leninist Communist Reconstruction Party (PML-RC).]
  28. ^abCarjaval, Álvaro (25 September 2021)."Iglesias presume de que el PSOE no tiene otra opción para pactar que Unidas Podemos, ERC y Bildu".El Mundo (in Spanish).Madrid.Cuando era vicepresidente del Gobierno le pasó algo parecido en la universidad con militantes del Frente Obrero, un movimiento político de ultraizquierda que es muy beligerante con Podemos. [When he was deputy prime minister, something similar happened to him at university with members of the Workers' Front, a far-left political movement that is very hostile to Podemos.]
  29. ^abSáiz-Pardo, Melchor (11 November 2023)."La ultraizquierda también protesta ante Ferraz contra «las cesiones a los independentistas»".El Diario Vasco (in Spanish).Madrid.Frente Obrero, inscrito en el registro de partidos del Ministerio del Interior el 13 de marzo de 2019, está liderado por Roberto Vaquero, un viejo alumno de Pablo Iglesias en la Universidad Complutense y que convivió en las aulas con otros personajes del mundo de Podemos/ Sumar como Íñigo Errejón. La formación, aunque de extrema izquierda y con una defensa a ultranza del pueblo sahauraui, es también ultranacionalista española y tiene un discurso anti-inmigración y contra la izquierda tradicional. [Frente Obrero, registered with the Ministry of the Interior on March 13, 2019, is led by Roberto Vaquero, a former student of Pablo Iglesias at the Complutense University who studied alongside other figures from the world of Podemos/Sumar, such as Íñigo Errejón. Although the party is far-left and staunchly defends the Sahrawi people, it is also ultra-nationalist and has an anti-immigration and anti-traditional left discourse.]
  30. ^ab"Retiran pancartas gigantes de Lenin y Stalin en Plaza Cataluña" (in Catalan). 5 April 2022.El particular espectáculo en la capital catalana fue obra del partido de ultraizquierda Frente Obrero. [The unusual spectacle in the Catalan capital was staged by the far-left Workers' Front party.]
  31. ^abSáiz-Pardo, Melchor (11 November 2023)."Frente Obrero también protesta ante Ferraz, al margen del PP y Vox".La Voz de Galicia (in Galician).Frente Obrero, el partido de ultraizquierda pero nacionalista español que ha hecho de su seña de identidad sus ataques a Sumar y Podemos, se ha unido a las protestas de la derecha tradicional y de grupos radicales de derechas contra el acuerdo del PSOE con los independentistas catalanes de una amnistía para el procés a cambio de su apoyo a la investidura de Pedro Sánchez. [Frente Obrero, the far-left but nationalist Spanish party that has made attacks on Sumar and Podemos its hallmark, has joined the protests of the traditional right and radical right-wing groups against the PSOE's agreement with Catalan separatists for an amnesty for the independence process in exchange for their support for Pedro Sánchez's investiture.]
  32. ^ab"La militancia de la ultraizquierda 'Frente Obrero' boicotea el discurso de Ada Colau: «Fuera los 'Comunes' (Podremos) de las instituciones»" [The far-left group Frente Obrero boycotts Ada Colau's speech: “Get the Comunes (Podemos) out of the institutions”].Las Voces del Pueblo. 27 September 2021.
  33. ^ab"Relativa a la tutela de la libertad de expresión y cátedra en las universidades. Presentada por el Grupo Parlamentario VOX. (Número de expediente 161/000409)"(PDF).Diario de Sesiones del Congreso de los Diputados (in Spanish) (262).Congress of Deputies: 28. 22 December 2020.Finalmente, el 3 de marzo, jóvenes pertenecientes al grupo de ultraizquierda Frente Obrero interrumpieron la conferencia del vicepresidente del Gobierno, Pablo Iglesias, en la Universidad Complutense. [Finally, on March 3, young people belonging to the far-left group Frente Obrero interrupted the conference given by Deputy Prime Minister Pablo Iglesias at Complutense University.]
  34. ^ab"El Frente Obrero se suma a la tractorada de Ourense contra Mercosur y aumenta la tensión con la policía".GaliciaPress (in Spanish). 7 January 2026.La tractorada que mantiene colapsado el tráfico en el centro de Ourense ha sumado en las últimas horas un nuevo apoyo político: el Frente Obrero, formación de extrema izquierda y corte ultranacionalista español, se ha alineado con las reivindicaciones de los ganaderos que protestan contra el acuerdo comercial UE-Mercosur. [The tractor protest that has brought traffic in the centre of Ourense to a standstill has gained new political support in recent hours: the Frente Obrero, a far-left, ultra-nationalist Spanish group, has aligned itself with the demands of farmers protesting against the EU-Mercosur trade agreement.]
  35. ^abVaquero Oroquieta, Fernando José (9 February 2025)."De ETA al Movimiento Socialista".La Gaceta (in Spanish).Al contrario que otros fenómenos próximos de extrema izquierda, como el célebre por mediático pero irrelevante Frente Obrero de Roberto Vaquero, al que tildan directamente de fascista, los colectivos del Movimiento Socialista (MS) no cuestionan la agenda LGTB y feminista, pero tampoco las prácticas inmigracionistas que ya están deformando —velis nolis-– demografía y sociología vascas. [Unlike other similar far-left phenomena, such as Roberto Vaquero's famous but irrelevant Workers' Front, which is openly labelled as fascist, the Socialist Movement (MS) collectives do not question the LGBT and feminist agenda, nor do they question the immigrationist practices that are already distorting — willingly or unwillingly — Basque demography and sociology.]
  36. ^abCongosto, Mariluz (27 October 2025)."Radicales, memes y silencios: así se movieron las redes sociales con Torre-Pacheco".Agenda Pública (in Spanish).El discurso de la "remigración" no es exclusivo de la derecha radical: también lo adoptan sectores de la extrema izquierda, como Frente Obrero. [The discourse of ‘remigration’ is not exclusive to the radical right: it is also adopted by sectors of the far left, such as the Workers' Front.]
  37. ^[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]
  38. ^"Insta Pedro Sánchez a la derecha española a aceptar los pactos para la relección".La Jornada (in Mexican Spanish). 12 November 2023.Una de ellas, por la mañana y frente a la sede del PSOE, al menos 300 personas militantes de la organización de izquierda Frente Obrero criticaron el pacto con el soberanismo catalán y vasco, y acusaron a Sánchez de "traición". [In one of them, in the morning and in front of the PSOE headquarters, at least 300 members of the left-wing organization Frente Obrero criticized the pact with Catalan and Basque separatists and accused Sánchez of “treason.”]
  39. ^Calvete, Carlos Perona (22 June 2023)."Spain's New Parties".The European Conservative.But there is another emergent force on the Left worth mentioning, having nothing to do with the postmodern, deconstructivist sensibilities of Podemos or Sumar: the Frente Obrero.
  40. ^ab"The Moroccan civil society in Spain condemns the hostile campaign against Morocco".Atalayar. 20 July 2023.... by the microscopic leftist, communist Leninist Frente Obrero party, through posters attacking a symbol of Moroccan sovereignty, in an immoral way that has nothing to do with freedom of expression.
  41. ^[38][39][40]
  42. ^Coiduras, Cynthia (15 February 2023)."Qué es Frente Obrero, el partido de izquierdas queescrachea a políticos de Podemos".El Plural (in Spanish).Con esta contundente frase comienza la definición que Frente Obrero hace de sí mismo, una formación política de izquierdas cuyo núcleo duro forma parte del Partido Marxista-Leninista (Reconstrucción Comunista) y es especialmente crítica con Unidas Podemos. [This powerful statement begins the definition that Frente Obrero gives of itself, a left-wing political group whose core members belong to the Marxist-Leninist Party (Communist Reconstruction) and which is particularly critical of Unidas Podemos.]
  43. ^Martín, Daniel (4 September 2023)."Un campamento comunista paramilitar adiestra en guerrilla urbana a decenas de jóvenes para hacer la revolución".El Debate (in Spanish).Se trata del VI Campamento de la Juventud Marxista-Leninista - Reconstrucción Comunista, nutrido por cachorros del Frente Obrero, una formación que en las elecciones generales del pasado 23 de julio consiguió recabar casi 50.000 votos. Este partido político, heredero del ilegalizado temporalmente por organización criminal Partido Marxista- Leninista (Reconstrucción Comunista) –varios de sus miembros fueron a Siria a combatir al Estado Islámico–, supone toda una anomalía dentro del espectro político de la izquierda. [This is the VI Marxist-Leninist Youth Camp - Communist Reconstruction, supported by members of the Workers' Front, a group that won almost 50,000 votes in the general elections on July 23. This political party, heir to the Marxist-Leninist Party (Communist Reconstruction), which was temporarily banned as a criminal organization—several of its members went to Syria to fight the Islamic State—is quite an anomaly within the political spectrum of the left.]
  44. ^abcÁgueda, Pedro (24 July 2023)."El Frente Obrero de Roberto Vaquero obtiene 46.530 votos en las generales".elDiario.es (in Spanish).Frente Obrero es una formación nacionalista y de izquierdas, que se opone frontalmente a lo que ellos consideran una izquierda identitaria que antepone los derechos de las minorías, incluidos los inmigrantes, a los intereses de la clase trabajadora 'española'.
  45. ^[42][43][44]
  46. ^
    • "Pancarta contra Alberto Garzón en el antiguo edificio de Correos".La Opinión de Málaga (in Spanish). 2 September 2021.El grupo de izquierda Frente Obrero carga contra el ministro de Izquierda Unida por no actuar ante la subida de la factura de la luz - La pancarta fue colocada el lunes y ha sido retirada este miércoles. [The left-wing group Frente Obrero attacks the minister from Izquierda Unida for failing to act on rising electricity bills - The banner was put up on Monday and was taken down on Wednesday.]
    • Lola K. (6 June 2025)."¿Qué es el Frente Obrero? Historia, líder, ideología y polémicas".Ourense na Rede (in Spanish).Province of Ourense.El Frente Obrero es un partido político español de izquierda radical que ha ganado protagonismo en los últimos años gracias a su discurso combativo, su estilo provocador y su estrategia de acción directa en barrios populares. [The Workers' Front is a radical left-wing Spanish political party that has gained prominence in recent years thanks to its combative rhetoric, provocative style, and strategy of direct action in working-class neighborhoods.]
  47. ^abFernández-Villaverde, Jesús (18 June 2024)."Classical Right, New Right, and Voting Behavior: Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment"(PDF).AEI Economics Working Paper. 11/2024. University of Pennsylvania: 20.The two most relevant among these parties are an environmentalist party, Partido Animalista con el Medio Ambiente, and a left-wing Spanish nationalist party, Frente Obrero, which may have attracted some of the more pro-labor Vox votes.
  48. ^Palomo, Aleksandro (December 2020). "Los principios ideológicos no admiten modas".El Viejo Topo (in Spanish) (395). Barcelona: 31.ISSN 0210-2706.Roberto Vaquero es la cabeza visible del Frente Obrero, la organización política de izquierdas que más está creciendo en el momento actual en España. [Roberto Vaquero is the visible head of the Workers' Front, the fastest growing left-wing political organisation in Spain at the moment.]
  49. ^[47][48]
  50. ^Juventud Frente Obrero (25 May 2021)."Este viernes 28, a las 19:00 en Barcelona…".Facebook (in Spanish).
  51. ^"Estudiantes en Lucha".Universidad de Valencia (in Spanish). 2026.
  52. ^"La Marcha del Frente Obrero"(PDF).UNION. January 2018. p. 10. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 21 March 2020. Retrieved9 July 2023.
  53. ^abCostello, Eugene (23 April 2021)."Okupas In Valencia: 'Venceremos! No Pasarán!'".Valencia Life. Retrieved26 October 2025.
  54. ^Veiga, Diego Rodríguez (17 May 2021)."Carmen, la joven de Frente Obrero que escrachea a Irene Montero: "Se llena la boca con el feminismo"".El Español (in Spanish).
  55. ^I Congreso del Frente Obrero, retrieved9 July 2023
  56. ^"Un grupo radical de izquierda alienta una protesta en Ferraz contra la amnistía".El Debate (in Spanish). 9 November 2023. Retrieved12 November 2023.
  57. ^"Iker Jiménez y su Horizonte arrasan hablando de Ábalos con Roberto Vaquero de invitado".E-Notícies (in Spanish). 1 March 2024. Retrieved1 June 2024.
  58. ^"Iker Jiménez did not give Abascal's wife what he did give to a man accused of serious crimes".Contando Estrelas. 31 January 2025.The Workers' Front has only one councillor in Mandayona (Guadalajara), a town of 292 inhabitants.
  59. ^abSomolinos, Daniel (18 June 2024)."Roberto Vaquero, líder del Frente Obrero: "Diez años me parecen pocos para obtener la nacionalidad española, yo lo aumentaría a 25"".El Mundo (Spain) (in Spanish). Madrid.
  60. ^ab"El Frente Obrero se suma a la tractorada de Ourense contra Mercosur y aumenta la tensión con la policía".GaliciaPress (in Spanish). 7 January 2026.
  61. ^Forti, Steven (20 December 2023)."El parasitismo ideológico de las nuevas extremas derechas. Gramscistas de derechas y rojipardos en Francia, Italia y España (1968-2022)".Estudos Ibero-Americanos (in Spanish).49 (1). PUCRS: 19.doi:10.15448/1980-864X.2023.1.44161.ISSN 1980-864X.A partir de 2019, el retroceso electoral de Podemos ha planteado la apertura de un posible espacio para opciones rojipardas, representadas por algunos de los sectores críticos con la formación fundada por Pablo Iglesias y experiencias como la del Frente Obrero, liderado por Roberto Vaquero, movimiento que mezcla el marxismo-leninismo con posiciones ultraconservadoras en temas de valores (Gómez Urzaiz, 2022; FORTI, 2021).
  62. ^Caro, Gregoria; Bono, Gerard (8 November 2023)."La extrema izquierda convoca otra protesta en Ferraz este sábado a la estela de los grupos de ultraderecha".ABC (in Spanish). Madrid.Este último llamamiento es de Frente Obrero, partido de ideología marxista-leninista heredero de Reconstrucción Comunista, de acciones violentas y contrario a las teorías evolutivas del marxismo.
  63. ^"¿Qué es Frente Obrero, el partido liderado por Roberto Vaquero para las Elecciones Europeas y cuál es su ideología?".AS (in Spanish). 9 June 2024. Retrieved26 October 2025.
  64. ^abcForti, Steven[in Spanish] (2021).Enric Juliana (ed.).Extrema derecha 2.0. Qué es y cómo combatirla(PDF) (in Spanish). Madrid: Siglo XXI de España Editores. p. 162, 188.ISBN 978-84-323-2038-5.Si damos un vistazo al último siglo, encontramos diferentes experiencias derojipardismo o, como se le llamaba al principio, nacionalbolchevismo en momentos de tensiones o rupturas geopolíticas. ... Si exceptuamos la referencia al papa emérito, podría suscribir estas afirmaciones Roberto Vaquero, líder del Frente Obrero, una organización que se mueve entre elrojipardismo y el estalinismo puro y duro. [If we take a look at the last century, we find different experiences ofrojipardismo, or, as it was originally called, National Bolshevism, during times of geopolitical tension or upheaval. ... With the exception of the reference to the Pope Emeritus, these statements could be endorsed by Roberto Vaquero, leader of the Workers' Front, an organisation that oscillates betweenrojipardismo and hardline Stalinism.]
  65. ^Escrivá, Ángeles[in Spanish] (28 May 2021)."La judoka comunista y la mujer desahuciada que gritaron a Oltra y a Irene Montero, dan la cara".El Mundo (Spain) (in Spanish).
  66. ^abcdPalomo, Aleksandro (December 2020). "Los principios ideológicos no admiten modas".El Viejo Topo (in Spanish) (395). Barcelona:31–33.ISSN 0210-2706.
  67. ^"56,000 Spanish Flags in Murcia city to highlight Covid dead in Spain".Murcia Today. 19 October 2020.In Valencia, left-wing protestors from the Frente Obrero ripped al the flags out and threw them away before the symbolic manifesto could be read out at mid-day.
  68. ^[40][44][67][47]
  69. ^[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]
  70. ^Alsina Calvés, José (25 April 2022)."Vladimir Putin y el soberanismo ruso".Posmodernia (in Spanish).
  71. ^Méndez, Gaspar (9 March 2024)."Esquerdas e dereitas".El Progreso (in Galician).
  72. ^Méndez, Gaspar (25 May 2024)."Outsiders para Europa".El Progreso (in Galician).
  73. ^Cuenca, L. (6 February 2023)."Qué es el Frente Obrero y por qué reventó un acto de Irene Montero: 'Enchufada, vividora... parásitos'".La Razón (in Spanish).
  74. ^abVaquero, Roberto (2020).¿Cómo reconstruir la izquierda revolucionaria en España? Combatividad, principios, organización y cultura (in Spanish). Editorial Círculo Rojo. p. 13.ISBN 978-84-1374-692-0.
  75. ^abcLópez, Jesús M. (19 August 2024).""Gibraltar Español: Frente Obrero despliega una pancarta en la valla fronteriza".Portal de Cádiz (in Spanish).Entre las demandas y propuestas del Frente Obrero, se encuentran la defensa de la soberanía nacional, la educación universitaria gratuita y la nacionalización de sectores estratégicos. Además, se oponen a la discriminación positiva, a la corrección política y a la Ley Trans, entre otros puntos.
  76. ^Lola K. (6 June 2025)."¿Qué es el Frente Obrero? Historia, líder, ideología y polémicas".Ourense na Rede (in Spanish).Province of Ourense.
  77. ^"Programa".Frente Obrero España (in Spanish). 7 September 2022. Retrieved9 July 2023.
  78. ^abBalaguer Navarro, Asier (29 January 2024)."El fenómeno del Frente Obrero en España".Nueva Libertad (in Spanish).
  79. ^Fernández, Andoni (23 March 2020)."Frente Obrero: así es el Vox leninista que se ríe de la 'izquierda pop'".Moncloa (in Spanish).
  80. ^"¿Qué es Frente Obrero, el partido liderado por Roberto Vaquero para las Elecciones Europeas y cuál es su ideología?".Diario AS (in Spanish). 9 June 2024.
  81. ^abcOndarra, Marcos (13 June 2021)."La izquierda fiel a Marx y a Lenin que escrachea a Podemos: 'Han vendido a la clase trabajadora'".El Español (in Spanish). Retrieved26 October 2025.
  82. ^abFdez-Chillón, Ramiro (12 April 2023)."¿Quién está detrás del grupo político que afeó a Sánchez su postura del Sáhara en medio de un mitin?".El Debate (in Spanish).
  83. ^"Frente Obrero revive el «no pasarán» alertando que «el islamismo quiere conquistar España»" [The Workers' Front revives the "they will not pass" warning that "Islamism wants to conquer Spain"].The Objective (in Spanish). 19 July 2023.
  84. ^Fernández, Andoni (23 March 2020)."Frente Obrero: así es el Vox leninista que se ríe de la 'izquierda pop'".Moncloa (in Spanish).
  85. ^"Retiran pancartas gigantes de Lenin y Stalin en Plaza Cataluña" (in Catalan). 5 April 2022.
  86. ^Vera, José Antonio (16 January 2024)."La inmigración como moneda de cambio".La Razón (in Spanish). Retrieved26 October 2025.
  87. ^Bauzá, Borja (26 November 2021)."Rojipardos contra el 'mainstream': el abogado en mitad de la lucha por la izquierda española".El Confidencial (in Spanish).
  88. ^"El Frente Obrero Despliega Lona Criticando al Gobierno en Madrid".Ciudad Noticias (in Spanish). 14 July 2023.
  89. ^"Frente Obrero se suma al despliegue de lonas en Madrid: 'Que te vote Mohamed VI'".Vozpópuli (in Spanish). 14 July 2023. Retrieved26 October 2025.
  90. ^ab"¿Qué es, en realidad, Frente Obrero?".Kaos en la red (in Spanish). 31 January 2023. Retrieved26 October 2025.
  91. ^Vives Bauçà, Bel (2021)."Sobre «agendes queer», «lobbies trans» i «sectes mutants»: feminisme trans-excloent a l'Estat espanyol".Clivatge (in Catalan).9 (e-35991): 11.doi:10.1344/CLIVATGE2021.9.13.
  92. ^de Cea, Pablo (18 November 2023)."De Solidaridad a Frente Obrero: los lobos con piel de cordero que intentan captar el voto tradicional de izquierdas".Infobae (in Spanish).
  93. ^Vaquero Oroquieta, Fernando José (9 February 2025)."De ETA al Movimiento Socialista".La Gaceta (in Spanish).
  94. ^Congosto, Mariluz (27 October 2025)."Radicales, memes y silencios: así se movieron las redes sociales con Torre-Pacheco".Agenda Pública (in Spanish).
  95. ^"Juan Pina y Roberto Vaquero debatieron sobre el fascismo en la UFM".Fundación para el Avance de la Libertad (in Spanish). Retrieved26 October 2025.
  96. ^Zocato, Rob; Padrón, Nico (18 February 2022)."¿"Patriotismo revolucionario"? El Frente Obrero y la cuestión nacional".Organización Comunista Revolucionaria. Retrieved26 October 2025.
  97. ^Vaquero, Roberto (2024). Paredes Roibás, Denís (ed.).Por qué el obrero vota a la derecha: la deriva suicida de la izquierda (in Spanish). La Esfera de los Libros, S. L. pp. 9–10.ISBN 978-84-1384-840-2.
  98. ^"Nos presentamos a las elecciones catalanas".Frente Obrero (in Spanish). 13 April 2024. Archived fromthe original on 22 September 2025. Retrieved26 October 2025.
  99. ^Bravo, Alejandro (21 May 2021)."Debate. El Frente Obrero con la "soberanía nacional" imperialista y contra Lenin".La Izquierda Diaro (in Spanish).
  100. ^Vaquero, Roberto (2024). Paredes Roibás, Denís (ed.).Por qué el obrero vota a la derecha: la deriva suicida de la izquierda (in Spanish). La Esfera de los Libros, S. L. p. 9.ISBN 978-84-1384-840-2.
  101. ^Martí, Rafa (29 January 2022)."Los españoles dispuestos a morir por Putin: 'antifas' voluntarios en batallones prorrusos de Ucrania".El Español (in Spanish).
  102. ^"El Frente Obrero impulsa una campaña homófoba en Valencia en la semana del Orgullo LGTB".Al Descubierto (in Spanish). 29 June 2022.
  103. ^Nistal, Lucía (4 July 2023)."Frente Obrero, un discurso político homofóbico y racista que promueve la división de la clase trabajadora".La Izquierda Diario (in Spanish). Retrieved9 July 2023.
  104. ^"El partido de los escraches a Sánchez y Podemos se presenta a las elecciones por primera vez en Castilla y León".El Español (in Spanish). 21 June 2023. Retrieved9 July 2023.
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  109. ^Vaquero Oroquiet, Fernando José (2025).Bolcheviques. De ETA al Movimiento Socialista: el rearme del comunismo (in Spanish). Asociación Cultural y Peña Sanferminera Pompaelo. pp. 154–156.ISBN 9798267949873.

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