Wingfield Aerodrome | |
|---|---|
| Summary | |
| Location | Cape Town |
| Coordinates | 33°54′24.9″S18°31′53.46″E / 33.906917°S 18.5315167°E /-33.906917; 18.5315167 |
| Map | |
  Wingfield Location within the Cape Town metropolitan area | |
Wingfield Aerodrome was first theCape Town MunicipalAerodrome, then Air Force Station Wingfield under theSAAF, before being used as aFleet Air Arm base by theRoyal Navy. AfterWorld War II, the aerodrome reverted to being the municipal airport for a while. The history of Wingfield is synonymous with the history of flight in South Africa, including pioneering attempts at commercial aviation.[1]
In the early days of aviation, all that was required for take off and landing was a level piece of land relatively free of obstructions. Where a flight commenced and ended depended on the weather, the reason for the flight, the mechanical state of the aircraft and even the whim of the pilot.[2]
Navigation was done by following a road orrailway line and referring to prominent landmarks such asTable Mountain.[2]
There were no laws prohibiting low flying or landing within city limits.[2]
Places in the vicinity of Cape Town known to be used as airfields includedKenilworth race course,Green PointCommon and Green Point cycle track,Sea Point,Robben Island, Maitland Common,Rosebank Showgrounds and Mr Young's farm nearWynberg as well as local beaches.[2]
It would be several years before the commercial prospects of aviation would be grasped and an aviation infrastructure put in place.
Following the outbreak ofWorld War II former Cape Town mayor and businessman,David Pieter de Villiers Graaff, sold the land to the government to aid the war effort on condition that it would revert to his estate when the war was concluded and the government had no further military use for it.[3] This led to the establishment of the Wingfield Aerodrome.
September 1939 saw the formation of 15 Squadron SAAF atGermiston with three formerSAAJunkers Ju 86 airliners used formaritime patrols. After moving to Wingfield the squadron was absorbed as A Flight of 32 Squadron SAAF.[4]804 Naval Air Squadron of the Fleet Air Arm reformed in September 1944 at Wingfield aerodrome 24 Hellcat IIs and in January 1945, they embarked onHMS Ameer to provide cover during thelandings on Ramree Island, and subsequently missions overSumatra andMalaya.
In 1939,Alex Henshaw, ChiefTest Pilot for Britain'sSpitfire fighter planes, flying a modifiedPercival Mew Gull registration number G-AEXF, set a number of records for solo flights betweenGravesend, Kent (nowRAF Gravesend) and Wingfield and back, which still stands today nearly seventy years later.[5]
The SA Navy is to relocate[when?] its sprawling technical training school,SAS Wingfield, along with some depots from a run-down World War II-era site near Goodwood to a purpose built new facility atSimon’s Town.[6]
The move – for which the Navy has already received an initial R40 million – follows a comprehensive multiyear investigation into the rationalisation of the Navy’s training institutions.[6]
The SAS Wingfield Naval Unit continues to exercise its right to the Freedom of Goodwood annually "to enter and march in the town with colours flying, drums beating and bayonets fixed".[7]
Cape Town International Airport is now the primary airport serving the city of Cape Town, and is the second busiest airport in South Africa and third busiest in Africa. The airport was opened in 1954 to replace Cape Town's previous airport at Wingfield.
On 17 October 1997 one of the most modernprisons in South Africa, theGoodwood Correctional Centre, with a capacity of 1692 beds was officially opened. It was built on Wingfield land to the north of theN1 highway. It is aligned to the concept of rehabilitation.[8]
In 1947 a township called Sassar was erected on a portion of Wingfield Aerodrome for the accommodation of officials of theSouth African Railways and Harbours. From 1948 it also provided accommodation forcivil servants andmembers of Parliament who annually migrate to Cape Town for theparliamentary session.[9]
On 1 December 1959, after a competition for a new name, the name was changed to Acacia Park on account of the manyPort Jackson willow trees growing there. Aprimary school was built and provision made for sport and other recreational facilities.[9]
At that stage children in the primary school were taught in accordance with theTransvaal syllabus and under the control of the Transvaal Education Department.[9]
Acacia Park is currently one of three Parliamentary villages in Cape Town.
