Williamsburg County | |
|---|---|
 Williamsburg County Courthouse | |
 Seal  Logo | |
 Location within the U.S. state ofSouth Carolina | |
 South Carolina's location within theU.S. | |
| Coordinates:33°38′N79°43′W / 33.63°N 79.72°W /33.63; -79.72 | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  South Carolina |
| Founded | 1785 |
| Named after | William of Orange |
| Seat | Kingstree |
| Largest community | Kingstree |
| Area | |
• Total | 937.05 sq mi (2,426.9 km2) |
| • Land | 934.17 sq mi (2,419.5 km2) |
| • Water | 2.88 sq mi (7.5 km2) 0.31% |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 31,026 |
• Estimate (2024) | 29,865 |
| • Density | 33.212/sq mi (12.823/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (Eastern) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) |
| Congressional district | 6th |
| Website | www |
Williamsburg County is acounty located in theU.S. state ofSouth Carolina. As of the2020 census its population was 31,026.[1] Thecounty seat and largest community isKingstree.[2] After a previous incarnation of Williamsburg County, the current county was created in 1804.[3]
On January 7, 1867, theKingstree jail fire killed 22 imprisoned freedmen.[4] Also in 1867, the United States military oversaw the registering of voters in the county in preparation for the election of a new "reconstruction" government. In the Williamsburg District, there were 800 whites and 1,725 African-Americans who were eligible to vote under the new system.[5] A convention was held to organize a new constitutions for the state of South Carolina, the Williamsburg District was represented by William Darrington who was a white reverend from the Williamsburg District who had opposed slavery before the war as well as C.M. Olsen andStephen A. Swails, who were both African-American.[6] Darrington led a prayer at the opening of the convention on February 14, 1868.[7]
In 1868, the state constitution abolished the parishes and designated judicial districts formally as counties thus transforming the "Williamsburg District" into "Williamsburg County."[8]
In 1868, an election was held in which all men older than 21 years of age who had never been convicted of committing a felony nor were "prohibited on account of service under Confederate Government" were allowed to vote. This was a form of direct democratic election which had been set up by the reconstruction government of South Carolina. Almost all voters in this election were African American. No one who fought for the Confederacy was allowed to vote in the election. Many African-American officials were elected.Stephen A. Swails was an educated black man from Pennsylvania who had fought in the U.S. military in the54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment during the civil war, and who was elected to represent Williamsburg County in the South Carolina State Senate.[9][10] F.H. Frost, J. Pendergrass and Fortune Guilds were three black men chosen to represent Williamsburg County in the South Carolina State House of Representatives. F. H. Frost was a black man elected as school commissioner. F.H. Swails was a black man elected as an auditor of Williamsburg County. C. Rasted and F.H. Frost were two black men who were elected as the assessors for Williamsburg County's county government. W.W. Ward was a white abolitionist from Massachusetts who was elected to be the sheriff of Williamsburg County, F.C. Cooper was a white abolitionist Quaker from Pennsylvania who was elected to be the clerk of the court of Williamsburg County and C.H. Pettingil, a Union Army officer from Boston, Massachusetts and former member of theMassachusetts Abolition Society who was elected as Williamsburg County's state constable representing the county in South Carolina's state government. In all of these elections local whites from South Carolina who had, by coincidence, not fought in the confederate military did run, however every single one of them lost. Every single man elected from Williamsburg County in this election was a member of the Republican Party.[11]
During this time, State Senator Stephen A. Swails also served as the mayor of Kingstree from 1868 until 1878. While mayor, Swails published and edited a newspaper called theWilliamsburg Republican, he also started a law firm. Swails became the most prominent member of the South Carolina senate, the president pro tempore, placing him in control of all bills that passed through the state legislature. Committed to universal education, he played a critical part in transforming The South Carolina College from a school for planter elite into the integratedUniversity of South Carolina.[12]
On September 17, 2023, aMarine CorpsF-35 stealth fighter jet crashed in rural Williamsburg County after the plane malfunctioned and the pilot ejected and parachuted to safety.[13]
According to theU.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 937.05 square miles (2,426.9 km2), of which 934.17 square miles (2,419.5 km2) is land and 2.88 square miles (7.5 km2) (0.31%) is water.[14]
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1810 | 6,871 | — | |
| 1820 | 8,716 | 26.9% | |
| 1830 | 9,018 | 3.5% | |
| 1840 | 10,327 | 14.5% | |
| 1850 | 12,447 | 20.5% | |
| 1860 | 15,489 | 24.4% | |
| 1870 | 15,489 | 0.0% | |
| 1880 | 24,110 | 55.7% | |
| 1890 | 27,777 | 15.2% | |
| 1900 | 31,685 | 14.1% | |
| 1910 | 37,626 | 18.8% | |
| 1920 | 38,539 | 2.4% | |
| 1930 | 34,914 | −9.4% | |
| 1940 | 41,011 | 17.5% | |
| 1950 | 43,807 | 6.8% | |
| 1960 | 40,932 | −6.6% | |
| 1970 | 34,243 | −16.3% | |
| 1980 | 38,226 | 11.6% | |
| 1990 | 36,815 | −3.7% | |
| 2000 | 37,217 | 1.1% | |
| 2010 | 34,423 | −7.5% | |
| 2020 | 31,026 | −9.9% | |
| 2024 (est.) | 29,865 | [16] | −3.7% |
| U.S. Decennial Census[17] 1790–1960[18] 1900–1990[19] 1990–2000[20] 2010[21] 2020[1] | |||
| Race | Num. | Perc. |
|---|---|---|
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 19,579 | 63.11% |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 9,986 | 32.19% |
| Native American | 85 | 0.27% |
| Asian | 147 | 0.47% |
| Pacific Islander | 1 | 0.0% |
| Other/Mixed | 609 | 1.96% |
| Hispanic orLatino | 619 | 2.0% |
As of the2020 census, there were 31,026 people, 12,686 households, and 8,066 families residing in the county.
At the2010 census, there were 34,423 people, 13,007 households, and 8,854 families living in the county.[23] The population density was 36.8 inhabitants per square mile (14.2/km2). There were 15,359 housing units at an average density of 16.4 units per square mile (6.3 units/km2).[24] The racial makeup of the county was 65.8% black or African American, 31.8% white, 0.4% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 1.0% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 2.0% of the population.[23] In terms of ancestry, and 4.6% wereAmerican.[25]
Of the 13,007 households, 33.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.0% were married couples living together, 23.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 31.9% were non-families, and 29.0% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.13. The median age was 40.2 years.[23]
The median income for a household in the county was $24,191 and the median income for a family was $33,705. Males had a median income of $37,678 versus $22,303 for females. The per capita income for the county was $13,513. About 26.5% of families and 32.9% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 45.6% of those under age 18 and 27.5% of those age 65 or over.[26]
At the2000 census,[27] there were 37,217 people, 13,714 households, and 10,052 families living in the county. Thepopulation density was 40 people per square mile (15 people/km2). There were 15,552 housing units at an average density of 17 units per square mile (6.6 units/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 66.26%Black orAfrican American, 32.74%White, 0.16%Native American, 0.20%Asian, 0.16% fromother races, and 0.48% from two or more races. 0.73% of the population wereHispanic orLatino of any race.
There were 13,714 households, out of which 34.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.30% were married couples living together, 22.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.70% were non-families. 24.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.22.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 28.60% under the age of 18, 9.00% from 18 to 24, 25.70% from 25 to 44, 23.60% from 45 to 64, and 13.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 87.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.50 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $24,214, and the median income for a family was $30,379. Males had a median income of $26,680 versus $18,202 for females. Theper capita income for the county was $12,794. About 23.70% of families and 27.90% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 36.10% of those under age 18 and 25.90% of those age 65 or over.
In 2015, Sheriff Michael Johnson was charged with conspiracy to commit wire fraud, and sentenced to 30 months imprisonment. Johnson, with a co-conspirator, filed false reports of identity theft in order to raise individuals'credit scores, in exchange for up to a thousand dollars in payment.[28][29]
On March 12, 2025, Governor McMasters suspended Sheriff Stephen Renard Gardner after being indicted on multiple financial crimes by the State Attorney General's Office on charges including "criminal conspiracy, misconduct in office and money laundering (value $20,000 or greater but less than $100,000)".[30]
Prior to 1948, Williamsburg County was a Democratic Party stronghold similar to the rest of theSolid South, with Democratic presidential candidates receiving near-unanimous margins of victory in most years. The twenty years from 1948 to 1968 were a highly transitional time for the politics of South Carolina & Williamsburg County, largely in part due to the Democratic Party's increasing support for African-American civil rights & enfranchisement. Dixiecrats managed to carry the county twice, while Republicans managed to carry the county three times in this timespan, while increased black registration led to DemocratHubert Humphrey winning the county in 1968. Since 1968, the majority African-American county has only backed a Republican once in1972, whenRichard Nixon won the county as he swept every county statewide in the midst of a 49-state national landslide.
| Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party(ies) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
| 1900 | 323 | 20.46% | 1,256 | 79.54% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1904 | 187 | 11.24% | 1,476 | 88.76% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1908 | 180 | 10.40% | 1,550 | 89.60% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1912 | 6 | 0.80% | 729 | 96.81% | 18 | 2.39% |
| 1916 | 57 | 4.49% | 1,213 | 95.51% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1920 | 12 | 1.32% | 895 | 98.68% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1924 | 4 | 0.59% | 672 | 99.41% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1928 | 22 | 2.60% | 825 | 97.40% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1932 | 9 | 0.72% | 1,244 | 99.28% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1936 | 6 | 0.47% | 1,284 | 99.53% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1940 | 34 | 3.03% | 1,089 | 96.97% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1944 | 27 | 2.09% | 1,118 | 86.60% | 146 | 11.31% |
| 1948 | 23 | 1.16% | 126 | 6.33% | 1,840 | 92.51% |
| 1952 | 2,576 | 66.12% | 1,320 | 33.88% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1956 | 330 | 8.80% | 683 | 18.20% | 2,739 | 73.00% |
| 1960 | 2,324 | 60.57% | 1,513 | 39.43% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1964 | 4,810 | 68.15% | 2,248 | 31.85% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1968 | 3,029 | 28.08% | 5,106 | 47.33% | 2,652 | 24.59% |
| 1972 | 5,729 | 52.01% | 5,213 | 47.33% | 73 | 0.66% |
| 1976 | 5,275 | 37.53% | 8,745 | 62.22% | 35 | 0.25% |
| 1980 | 5,110 | 38.29% | 8,135 | 60.96% | 99 | 0.74% |
| 1984 | 6,492 | 45.95% | 7,586 | 53.69% | 50 | 0.35% |
| 1988 | 5,914 | 44.39% | 7,343 | 55.11% | 67 | 0.50% |
| 1992 | 5,289 | 37.05% | 8,077 | 56.57% | 911 | 6.38% |
| 1996 | 3,957 | 34.84% | 6,987 | 61.52% | 413 | 3.64% |
| 2000 | 4,524 | 39.93% | 6,723 | 59.33% | 84 | 0.74% |
| 2004 | 4,795 | 34.45% | 9,044 | 64.98% | 79 | 0.57% |
| 2008 | 5,004 | 30.43% | 11,279 | 68.59% | 160 | 0.97% |
| 2012 | 4,824 | 29.59% | 11,335 | 69.52% | 145 | 0.89% |
| 2016 | 4,864 | 32.31% | 9,953 | 66.12% | 237 | 1.57% |
| 2020 | 5,532 | 34.61% | 10,289 | 64.37% | 164 | 1.03% |
| 2024 | 5,524 | 38.55% | 8,634 | 60.25% | 172 | 1.20% |
In 2022, theGDP was $856 million (about $28,639 per capita),[32] and thereal GDP was $703.7 million (about $23,541 per capita) inchained 2017 dollars.[33]
As of April 2024, some of the top employers of the county includeUnited States Department of Justice,Food Lion,Tupperware, andWilliamsburg Technical College.[34]
| Industry | Employment Counts | Employment Percentage (%) | Average Annual Wage ($) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accommodation and Food Services | 279 | 4.1 | 17,264 |
| Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services | 99 | 1.5 | 27,872 |
| Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting | 125 | 1.8 | 42,432 |
| Construction | 372 | 5.5 | 47,008 |
| Educational Services | 662 | 9.7 | 43,524 |
| Finance and Insurance | 116 | 1.7 | 53,508 |
| Health Care and Social Assistance | 717 | 10.5 | 33,644 |
| Manufacturing | 2,056 | 30.2 | 60,944 |
| Other Services (except Public Administration) | 168 | 2.5 | 34,476 |
| Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | 83 | 1.2 | 155,324 |
| Public Administration | 908 | 13.3 | 53,820 |
| Real Estate and Rental and Leasing | 27 | 0.4 | 37,856 |
| Retail Trade | 804 | 11.8 | 30,316 |
| Transportation and Warehousing | 178 | 2.6 | 52,780 |
| Wholesale Trade | 210 | 3.1 | 44,148 |
| Total | 6,804 | 100.0% | 47,975 |
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Geographic data related toWilliamsburg County, South Carolina atOpenStreetMapPlaces adjacent to Williamsburg County, South Carolina | ||||||||||||||||
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Municipalities and communities ofWilliamsburg County, South Carolina,United States | ||
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| Towns |  | |
| Unincorporated communities | ||
| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties | |
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