Canary Wharf, one of our newest* featured pictures.
* ...And by "newest" we mean that it was promoted over a month before this article was published, but there's conventions for how you phrase things in these sorts of articles.
ThisSignpost "Featured content" report covers material promoted from 12 November through 11 December. Quotes are generally from the articles, but may be abridged or simplified for length.
As the title implies, besides the article of that name being promoted, Christmas things had kept your humble editor away from theSignpost for very nearly too long, so most of this article was finished the day of publication. Next month, hopefully, this will be done a lot sooner.
Speaking of things still being around from last month...
Moving on, there's a certain oddity with having someone who does image restoration write the featured content report: You might recognise two images from last month's featured content – the featured article "French battleshipSuffren", and the portrait ofKeke Rosberg from the featured article "1982 Formula One World Championship" – have reappeared in the featured picture section this month.
Whilst this might lead to a certain repetitiveness of images, I can't quite bring myself to apologise.
That said, this month's report had a genuine challenge: Antisemitism is, obviously, wrong, but when the antisemitism is coming from Hitler, it can be important to understanding and contextualizing the Holocaust. As such, this issue features a lengthy quote by Hitler, and I hope that the section of the article quoted alongside it is enough to put it in its proper context. Comments below if you think there's anything we can do better, because I'm sure with the historians and scholars we have on Wikipedia, this won't be the first time theSignpost reports on such things.
In any case, I hope everyone had or will have had a wonderful holiday (whichever one you celebrate), and if you don't celebrate or don't have one in December, well, I hope you had a good month. 2021 approaches, and we can all hope that the vaccines coming through the pipeline bring an end as soon as possible to the pandemic that has made this year so awful. Until then, keep safe.
...Okay, enough of that: "Blank Space" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriterTaylor Swift for her fifth studio album1989. The song was released to US radio stations as the second single from1989 on November 10, 2014, byRepublic Records in partnership with Swift's label at the time,Big Machine. Swift co-wrote "Blank Space" with its producersMax Martin andShellback. For the lyrics, she conceived the song as a satirical self-referential nod to her reputation as a flirtatious woman with a series of romantic attachments, which blemished her once-wholesomegirl next door image. Musically, it is anelectropop song with minimalhip hop-influenced beats.
Raymond Pace Alexander (October 13, 1897 – November 24, 1974) was acivil rights leader, lawyer, politician, and the firstAfrican American judge appointed to thePennsylvania Courts of Common Pleas. In 1920, he became the first black graduate of theWharton School of Business. After graduation fromHarvard Law School in 1923, Alexander became one of the leading civil rights attorneys inPhiladelphia. He represented black defendants in high-profile cases, including theTrenton Six, a group of black men arrested for murder inTrenton, New Jersey. Alexander also entered the political realm, unsuccessfully running for judge several times. He finally ran for, and won, a seat on thePhiladelphia City Councilin 1951. After two terms in City Council, Alexander was appointed as the first black judge to sit on the Court of Common Pleas, where he served until his death in 1974.
Sagitta is a dim but distinctiveconstellation in the northern sky. Its name isLatin for "arrow", and it should not be confused with the significantly larger constellationSagittarius, the archer. It was included among the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomerPtolemy, and it remains one of the88 modern constellations defined by theInternational Astronomical Union. Although it dates to antiquity, Sagitta has no star brighter than 3rdmagnitude and has the third-smallest area of all constellations.
The Royal Artillery Memorial is aFirst World War memorial located onHyde Park Corner in London, England. Designed byCharles Sargeant Jagger, with architectural work byLionel Pearson, and unveiled in 1925, the memorial commemorates the 49,076 soldiers from theRoyal Artillery killed in theFirst World War. The static nature of the conflict, particularly on the Western Front, meant that artillery played a major role in the war, though physical reminders of the fighting were often avoided in the years after the war. The Royal Artillery War Commemoration Fund (RAWCF) was formed in 1918 to preside over the regiment's commemorations, aware of some dissatisfaction with memorials to previous wars. The RAWCF approached several eminent architects but its insistence on a visual representation of artillery meant that none was able to produce a satisfactory design. Thus they approached Jagger, himself an ex-soldier who had been wounded in the war. Jagger produced a design which was accepted in 1922, though he modified it several times before construction. The memorial consists of aPortland stonecruciform base supporting a one-third over-lifesize sculpture of ahowitzer (a type of artillery field gun), which Jagger based on a gun in theImperial War Museum. At the end of each arm of the cross is a sculpture of a soldier—an officer at the front (south side), a shell carrier on the east side, a driver on the west side, and at the rear (north) a dead soldier. The sides of the base are decorated withrelief sculptures depicting wartime scenes. The realism of the memorial, with the depiction of the howitzer and the dead soldier, differed significantly from other First World War memorials, notably the influentialCenotaph, which used pure architectural forms and classical symbolism. The design was controversial when unveiled; some critics viewed the dead soldier as too graphic or felt that the howitzer did not lend itself to rendition in stone. Nonetheless, the memorial was popular with others, including ex-servicemen, and later came to be recognised as Jagger's masterpiece and one of Britain's finest war memorials.
HMSPearl was afifth-rate, 32-gun BritishRoyal Navyfrigate of theNiger-class.Launched atChatham Dockyard in 1762, she served inBritish North America until January 1773, when she sailed toEngland for repairs. Returning to North America in March 1776, to fight in theAmerican Revolutionary War,Pearl escorted thetransports which landed troops inKip's Bay that September. Much of the following year was spent on theDelaware River where she took part in theBattle of Red Bank in October. Towards the end of 1777,Pearl joinedVice-AdmiralRichard Howe's fleet inNarragansett Bay and was still there when the French fleet arrived and began an attack on British positions. Both fleets were forced to retire due to bad weather and the action was inconclusive.Pearl was then despatched to keep an eye on the French fleet, which had been driven intoBoston.Pearl was part of the British fleet that captured the island ofSt Lucia from the French in December 1778, and was chosen to carry news of the victory to England, capturing the 28-gun Spanish frigateSanta Monica off theAzores on her return journey. She joined Vice-AdmiralMarriot Arbuthnot's squadron in July 1780, capturing the 28-gun French frigateEsperance while stationed offBermuda in September; the following March she took part in theFirst Battle of Virginia Capes, where she had responsibility for relaying signals.Pearl returned to England in 1783, where she underwent extensive repairs and did not serve again until 1786, when she wasrecommissioned for the Mediterranean.
Taken out of service in 1792, she was recalled in February 1793, when hostilities resumed between Britain and France. On her return to the American continent, she narrowly escaped capture by a French squadron anchored between theÎles de Los and was forced to put intoSierra Leone for repairs following the engagement. In 1799,Pearl joined Vice-AdmiralGeorge Elphinstone's fleet in the Mediterranean where she took part in theBattle of Alexandria in 1801. In 1802, she sailed toPortsmouth where she served as astoreship for sailors' clothes and then areceiving ship. She was renamedProtheé in March 1825 and eventually sold in 1832.
Bluey is ananimated television series forpreschool children that premiered onABC Kids on 1 October 2018. The show follows Bluey, ananthropomorphic six-year-oldBlue Heelerpuppy who is characterised by her abundance of energy, imagination and curiosity of the world. The young dog lives with her father, Bandit; mother, Chilli; and younger sister, Bingo, who regularly joins Bluey on adventures as the pair embark on imaginative play together. Other characters featured each represent a differentdog breed. Overarching themes include the focus on family, growing up and Australian culture. The program was created and produced in Queensland;its capital city inspires the show's setting. The program won aLogie Award forMost Outstanding Children's Program in 2019 as well as anInternational Emmy Kids Award. It has been praised bytelevision critics for depicting a modern everyday family life, constructive parenting messages and the role of Bandit as a positive father figure.
A 1967 conceptual drawing of the Gemini B reentry capsule separating from theManned Orbiting Laboratory at the end of a mission
The Manned Orbiting Laboratory (MOL) was part of theUnited States Air Force (USAF)human spaceflight program in the 1960s. The project was developed from early USAF concepts of crewedspace stations asreconnaissance satellites, and was a successor to the canceledBoeing X-20 Dyna-Soar military reconnaissance space plane. MOL evolved into a single-use laboratory, for which crews would be launched on 30-day missions, and return to Earth using a Gemini B spacecraft derived fromNASA'sGemini spacecraft.
As the 1960s progressed, the MOL competed with theVietnam War for funds, and resultant budget cuts repeatedly caused postponement of the first operational flight. At the same time, automated systems rapidly improved, narrowing the benefits of a crewed space platform over an automated one. A singleuncrewed test flight of the Gemini B spacecraft was conducted on 3 November 1966, but the MOL was canceled in June 1969 without any crewed missions being flown.
Saturn was an American magazine published from 1957 to 1965. It was launched as ascience fiction magazine, but sales were weak, and after five issues the publisher, Robert C. Sproul, switched the magazine tohardboiled detective fiction that emphasized sex and sadism. Sproul retitled the magazineSaturn Web Detective Story Magazine to support the change, and shortened the title to Web Detective Stories the following year. In 1962, the title was changed yet again, this time toWeb Terror Stories, and the contents became mostlyweird menace tales—a genre in which apparently supernatural powers are revealed to have a logical explanation at the end of the story.Donald A. Wollheim was the editor for the first five issues; he published material by several well-known authors, includingRobert A. Heinlein,H. P. Lovecraft, andHarlan Ellison, but was given a low budget and could not always find good-quality stories. It is not known who edited the magazine after the science fiction issues, but the themes of violence and sex continued to the end of the magazine's run, many stories featuring the torture of women. Sproul finally cancelled the title in 1965 after a total of 27 issues.
In 1940,Ljubljana ran aground on a reef off theYugoslav port ofŠibenik, where, badly damaged, she was taken for repairs. Yugoslavia enteredWorld War II when theGerman-ledAxis powersinvaded in April 1941, andLjubljana—still under repair—was captured by theRoyal Italian Navy. After repairs were completed, she saw active service in the Royal Italian Navy under the nameLubiana, mainly as a convoy escort on routes between Italy andNorth Africa. She was lost on 1 April 1943, sources differing as to whether she was sunk by British aircraft, orstranded off theTunisian coast and declared a total loss.
June 6, 1944: ARhino ferry, RHF-3, with "Rhino" tug RHT approach the Normandy beaches as part of theNormandy invasion.
American logistics in the Normandy campaign played a key role in the success ofOperation Overlord, theAllied invasion of northwest Europe duringWorld War II. The campaign officially commenced onD-Day, 6 June 1944, and ended on 24 July, the day before the launch ofOperation Cobra. TheServices of Supply (SOS) was formed under the command ofMajor GeneralJohn C. H. Lee in May 1942 to provide logistical support to theEuropean Theater of Operations, United States Army. From February 1944 on, the SOS was increasingly referred to as theCommunications Zone (COMZ). Between May 1942 and May 1944,Operation Bolero, the buildup of American troops and supplies in the UK, proceeded fitfully and, by June 1944 1,526,965 US troops were in the UK, of whom 459,511 were part of the COMZ.
The Overlord plan called for the early capture ofCherbourg, and a rapid American advance to secure theBrittany ports and Quiberon Bay, which was to bedeveloped as a port. Crucially, the logistical plan called for a one-month pause at theSeine River, which was expected to be reached 90 days after D-Day, before advancing further. The expectation of an advance at a prescribed rate, while necessary for planning purposes, built inflexibility into a logistics plan that already had little margin for error. Staff studies confirmed that Overlord could be supported if everything went according to plan. No one expected that it would.
TheFirst United States Army was supported over theOmaha andUtah Beaches, and through theMulberry artificial port at Omaha specially constructed for the purpose, but the American Mulberry was abandoned after it was damaged by a storm on 19–21 June. During the first seven weeks after D-Day, the advance was much slower than the Operation Overlord plan had anticipated, and thelodgment area much smaller. The nature of the fighting in the Normandybocage country created shortages of certain items, particularlyartillery andmortar ammunition, and there were unexpectedly high rates of loss ofbazookas,Browning automatic rifles (BARs), andM7 grenade launchers.
Although the hurricane did not impact any major landmasses, it passed very close to the unpopulatedJohnston Atoll as a strong Category 4 hurricane, where a hurricane warning was issued in advance of the storm. Four scientists there intended to ride out the storm on the island, but were evacuated before the storm hit. Walaka neared the farNorthwestern Hawaiian Islands, but weakened considerably as it did so.East Island in theFrench Frigate Shoals suffered a direct hit and was completely destroyed. The storm caused significant damage to the nesting grounds for multiple endangered species; coral reefs in the region suffered considerable damage, displacing the local fish population. Several dozen people had to be rescued off the southern shore ofOahu as the storm brought high surf to the main Hawaiian Islands.
The son of a weaver, Vincent was educated atNorwich Grammar School and afterwards apprenticed to Crome. He exhibited at theRoyal Academy,British Institution, and elsewhere. From 1811 until 1831 he showed at the Norwich Society of Artists, exhibiting more than a 100 pictures of Norfolk landscapes andmarine works. By 1818 he had relocated to London, where in 1821 he married the supposedly wealthy daughter of a surgeon. There he obtained thepatronage of wealthy clients, yet struggled financially. The purchase of an expensive house, combined with a tendency towards drink, exacerbated his financial problems and led to his incarceration in theFleet Prison for debt in 1824. Before his release in 1827 he had resumed his connection with the Norwich Society of Artists, albeit with a much lower output of work.
After 1831, Vincent disappeared. He was never found, despite attempts by his family to locate him, and his whereabouts after this date remain uncertain. His death may have occurred before April 1832, perhaps inBath. His pictureGreenwich Hospital from the River, which was shown in London three decades after his death, caused renewed interest in his paintings and helped to establish his reputation as a leading member of the Norwich School. Theart historian Herbert Minton Cundall wrote in the 1920s that had Vincent "not given way to intemperate habits he would probably have ranked amongst the foremost of British landscape painters".
Duringa speech at theReichstag on 30 January 1939,Adolf Hitler predicted "the annihilation of the Jewish race in Europe":
If international finance Jewry inside and outside Europe should succeed in plunging the nations once more into aworld war, the result will be not theBolshevization of the earth and thereby the victory of Jewry, but the annihilation of the Jewish race in Europe.
These words were similar to comments that Hitler had previously made to foreign politicians in private meetings after theKristallnacht pogrom in November 1938. The speech was made in the context of Nazi attempts to increaseJewish emigration from Germany, before the outbreak ofWorld War II inSeptember 1939.
Allusions to Hitler's prophecy by Nazi leaders and inNazi propaganda were common from 30 January 1941, when Hitler mentioned it again in a speech. The prophecy took on new meaning with theinvasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941 and theGerman declaration of war against the United States that December, both of which facilitated an acceleration of the systematic mass murder of Jews. In late 1941, Nazi propagandistJoseph Goebbels stated that the prophecy was being fulfilled whilejustifying themass deportation of Jews from Germany. On 30 September 1942, Hitler referenced the prophecy in another speech, which was adapted into a November issue ofParole der Woche titled "They Will Stop Laughing!!!" Hitler continued to invoke the prophecy as the war went against Germany and referenced it in hislast will and testament. Frequently used by Nazi leaders when alluding to their systematic murder of Jews, the prophecy became aleitmotif of theFinal Solution and is the best-known phrase from Hitler's speeches.
The prophecy is cited by historians as an example of Nazi belief in an international Jewish conspiracy that supposedlystarted the war. Despite its vagueness—the prophecy does not explain how the "annihilation" will come about—it is also cited as evidence thatGermans were aware that Jews were being exterminated.
Part of the sumptuous mosaic floor by Ludwig Oppenheimer inHonan Chapel
The Honan Chapel, formally Saint Finbarr's Collegiate Chapel or The Honan Hostel Chapel, is a small Catholic church built in theCeltic-Romanesque revival style on the grounds ofUniversity College Cork, Ireland. Designed in 1914, the building was completed in 1916 and fully furnished by 1917. Its architecture and fittings are representative of theCeltic Revival movement which evoked theInsular style found in Ireland and Britain between the 7th and 12th centuries.
Its construction was initiated and supervised by the Dublin solicitor, John O'Connell, a leading member of the Celtic Revival andArts and Crafts movements. He was funded by Isabella Honan (1861–1913), the last member of a wealthyCork family, who made a significant donation towards the construction of the chapel. O'Connell oversaw both the architectural design and the commissioning of its exterior carvings and interior furnishings. He closely guided the architect James F. McMullen and the buildersJohn Sisk and Sons, and hired the craftsmen and artists involved in its artwork, many of whom incorporated elements of theArt Nouveau style. In 1986, the sculptorImogen Stuart was commissioned to oversee the building and installation of a new altar and other carvings, furnishings and fittings.
The Honan Chapel is known for its interior which is designed and fitted in a traditional Irish style, but with an appreciation of contemporary trends in international art. Its furnishings include the mosaic flooring, altar plate, metalwork and enamels, liturgical textiles and sanctuary furnishings, and nineteenstained glass windows; fifteen show Irish saints, the remainder showJesus,Mary,St. Joseph andSt. John. Eleven were designed and installed byHarry Clarke, while the other eight were designed byA. E. Child,Catherine O'Brien andEthel Rhind ofAn Túr Gloine cooperative studio.
"Candy" is a song by American rapperFoxy Brown featuringKelis, released byDef Jam on August 21, 2001 as the third single from her third studio albumBroken Silence (2001). Adance-pop track, it was produced bythe Neptunes duoChad Hugo andPharrell Williams, who co-wrote the song alongside Brown and Juan Manuel Cordova. The song is aboutcunnilingus. While this sexually explicit content marked a continuity with Brown's earlier material, it set "Candy" apart from the rest ofBroken Silence, which tended toward more introspective subject matters. According to critics, the single has elements of1980s music,dance music, andnew wave music and a morepop sound than Brown's previous albums.
"Candy" received a positive response upon release and in retrospective reviews. Music critics compared it to music by other artists, specificallyLil' Kim, while scholars analyzed its representation of black female sexuality. In the US, the song appeared onBillboard charts, reaching the top ten on theHot Rap Songs chart. "Candy" appeared on severalsoundtracks in the early 2000s; it featured in the television seriesDark Angel and the filmsFriday After Next andThe 40-Year-Old Virgin.
John Neal (August 25, 1793 – June 20, 1876) was an American writer, critic, editor, lecturer, and activist. Considered both eccentric and influential, he delivered speeches and published essays, novels, poems, and short stories between the 1810s and 1870s in the United States and Great Britain, championingAmerican literary nationalism andregionalism in their earliest stages. Neal advanced the development of American art, fought forwomen's rights, advocated the end ofslavery and racial prejudice, and helped establish the Americangymnastics movement.
The first author to use naturaldiction and a pioneer ofcolloquialism, John Neal is the first author to use "son-of-a-bitch" in a work of fiction. He attained his greatest literary achievements between 1817 and 1835, during which time he was the first American published in British literary journals, author of the first history of American literature, America's first art critic, and a forerunner of theAmerican Renaissance. As one of the first men to advocate women's rights in the US and the first American lecturer on the issue, for over fifty years he supported female writers and organizers, affirmed intellectual equality between men and women, foughtcoverture laws against women's economic rights, and demandedsuffrage, equal pay, and better education for women. He was the first American to establish a publicgymnasium in the US and championed athletics to regulate violent tendencies with which he struggled throughout his life.
John Early (July 1, 1814 – May 23, 1873) was an Irish-AmericanCatholic priest andJesuit educator who was the president of theCollege of the Holy Cross andGeorgetown University, as well as the founder and first president ofLoyola College in Maryland. Early becamepresident of the College of the Holy Cross in 1848, where he unsuccessfully petitioned thestate legislature tocharter the school. Four years later, he was charged with establishing Loyola College in Maryland, which was intended to educate thelay students who attendedSt. Mary's Seminary and College, which theSulpicians sought to keep as aseminary only. While also serving as the firstpastor ofSt. Ignatius Church, he oversaw the early years of Loyola College. In 1858, Early left to becomepresident of Georgetown University. During theCivil War, instruction continued uninterrupted, despite intermittent occupation by theUnion Army and dwindling enrollment. Early then returned to Loyola College in 1866 as president for four years, where he resumed the annual conferral of degrees. In 1870, he once again became president of Georgetown University. He died suddenly in his third year of office.
1989 is the fifth studio album by American singer-songwriterTaylor Swift, released on October 27, 2014, throughBig Machine Records. Inspired by 1980ssynth-pop to create a record that shifted her sound and image from country-oriented to mainstream pop, Swift enlistedMax Martin as co-executive producer, and titled her fifth album after her birth year as a symbolic rebirth of her image and artistry. The album's synth-pop sound is characterized by heavysynthesizers, programmeddrums, and processed backing vocals. Swift's songs were inspired primarily by her personal relationships, which had been a trademark of her songwriting. The songs on1989 express lighthearted perspectives towards failed romance, departing from her previous antagonistic attitude. Contemporary critics praised Swift's songwriting for offering emotional engagement that they found uncommon in the mainstream pop scene. Meanwhile, the synth-pop production raised questions regarding Swift's authenticity as a lyricist. The album appeared on several publications' lists of the best albums of the 2010s and featured inRolling Stone's 2020 revision of their500 Greatest Albums of All Time. At the58th Grammy Awards in 2016,1989 wonAlbum of the Year andBest Pop Vocal Album, making Swift the first female solo artist to win Album of the Year twice. And speaking of appearing twice, "Blank Space" - also a featured article that appeared in this issue - is one of the songs that appears on1989.
Apollo 7 was launched on October 11, 1968, fromCape Kennedy Air Force Station, Florida, and splashed down in the Atlantic Ocean eleven days later. Extensive testing of the CSM took place, and also the first live television broadcast from an American spacecraft. Despite tension between the crew and ground controllers, the mission was a complete technical success, giving NASA the confidence to sendApollo 8 into orbit around theMoon two months later. In part because of these tensions, none of the crew flew in space again, though Schirra had already announced he would retire from NASA after the flight. Apollo7 fulfilled Apollo1's mission of testing the CSM inlow Earth orbit, and was a significant step forward towards NASA's goal of landing astronauts on the Moon.
A platoon of 30 French peacekeepers led by then-CaptainFrançois Lecointre re-captured the bridge with the support of 70 French infantrymen and direct fire from armoured vehicles. During the French assault, elements of theArmy of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) opened fire on the VRS-held observation posts on their own initiative, accidentally wounding one French hostage. Two French soldiers were killed during the battle, 10 were wounded, and one died of their wounds later that day. The VRS casualties were four killed, three wounded and four captured. Following the battle, VRS forces were observed to be less likely to engage French UN peacekeepers deployed in the city. In 2017, Lecointre, now anarmy general, was appointedFrench Chief of the Defence Staff.
Emma Louisa Turner (9 June 1867 – 13 August 1940) was an Englishornithologist and pioneering birdphotographer. Due to family responsibilities, she did not take up photography until she was aged 34, after meeting the wildlife photographerRichard Kearton. She joined theRoyal Photographic Society (RPS) in 1901, and by 1904 she had started to give talks illustrated with her ownphotographic slides; by 1908, when aged 41, she was established as a professional lecturer.
Turner spent part of each year inNorfolk, and her 1911 image of a nestlingbittern in Norfolk was the first evidence of the species' return to the United Kingdom as a breeding bird after itslocal extinction in the late 1800s. She also travelled widely in the United Kingdom and abroad photographing birds.
She wrote eight books and many journal and magazine articles, and her picture of agreat crested grebe led to her being awarded the Gold Medal of the RPS. She was one of the first women to be elected to fellowship of theLinnaean Society and the first female honorary member of theBritish Ornithologists' Union. Though not a graduate, she was also an honorary member of theBritish Federation of University Women.
Onefeatured topic was promoted this period, due to the percentage of featured articles within it increasing to the required number. It was originally promoted as a Good Topic through a nomination byPeacemaker67 in 2017.
Herpestidae is afamily ofmammals in theorderCarnivora, composed of the mongooses and themeerkat. A member of this family is called a mongoose or a herpestid. They are widespread primarily throughout Africa and south Asia, and are found primarily in forests, savannas, shrublands, and grasslands, though some species can be found in wetlands or deserts. Most mongooses are 30–60 cm (12–24 in) long, plus a 20–40 cm (8–16 in) tail, though theEthiopian dwarf mongoose can be as small as 18 cm (7 in) plus a 12 cm (5 in) tail, and thewhite-tailed mongoose can be up to 104 cm (41 in) plus a 47 cm (14 in) tail. Most species do not have population estimates, though one, theLiberian mongoose, is classified asvulnerable with a population size of around 5,000. No herpestid species have been domesticated.
The 34 species of Herpestidae are split into 14genera within 2subfamilies: Herpestinae, comprising 23extant species that are native to southern Europe, Africa and Asia, and Mungotinae, comprising 11 extant species native to Africa. Extinct species have also been placed into both subfamiles, though some older extinct species have not been categorized into a subfamily. Around ten extinct Herpestidae species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed. Herpestidae is believed to have diverged from the existingFeliformia suborder around 21.8 million years ago in theEarly Miocene.
The Louis Schwitzer Award (also called theLouis H. Schwitzer Award for Engineering Innovation and Excellence) is presented by theIndiana Section ofSAE International to an engineer or team of engineers "for their innovative design and engineering excellence" and acknowledges "engineers with the courage and conviction to explore and develop new concepts in racing technology" in racing vehicles for theIndianapolis 500. The accolade also distinguishes engineers who were most responsible for designing and developing the wnning concept complying toIndyCar Series technical regulations, and awards "functional and recent permutations" that improve energy efficiency, performance or safety in chassis, drive train profiles by "emphasizing competitive potential along with future automotive industry possibilities." Although the award specifically recognizes new concepts, experimental ideas arising from previous winners are considered if the development in engineering improves it.
During the 53 years the award has been presented, there have been a total of 98 recipients. The inaugural winner wasAndy Granatelli, who developed thegas-turbine runSTP-Paxton Turbocar for the 1967 event. The award has been presented for two concepts in a single year just once: in1977, to Bob Bubenik and Bruce Crower for developing theautomatic clutch andflat-eight engine, respectively. Two years later,John Barnard andJim Hill were the first team to be recognized for designing theChaparal 2K chassis for that year'sIndianapolis 500. Since then, another 24 teams have been recognized.Firestone tire engineer Cara Adams became the first female recipient in the2019 edition. The award has been presented posthumously once, to Don Burgoon in the2017 race. The2020 winners were Tino Belli, Marco Bertolini, Ed Collings, Craig McCarthy, Antonio Montanari, Bill Pappas, Stefan Seidel and Brent Wright, who developed the IndyCar Aeroscreen cockpit protection device.
From 1944 until 1957,Billboard magazine published achart that ranked the most-playedcountry music songs injukeboxes in the United States, based on a survey of over 3000 operators "in all sections of the country"; until 1948 it was the magazine's only country music chart. In 1947, nine songs topped the chart, which was published under the title Most Played Juke Box Folk Records with the exception of the issues ofBillboard dated September 6 through November 1, when it was titled Most Played Juke Box Hillbilly Records. The Juke Box Folk chart is considered the start of thelineage of the magazine's current country music songs charts. The longest unbroken run at number one in 1947 was the fifteen consecutive weeks achieved byTex Williams with "Smoke! Smoke! Smoke! (That Cigarette)", which was atop the chart from July until October. This was the first chart-topper for Williams in his own right, although he had been the uncredited vocalist onWestern swing bandleaderSpade Cooley's 1945 number one "Shame on You".
Ryan Reynolds is a Canadian actor who has appeared in films, television series, videos, and video games. Reynolds made his acting debut on television in the teen dramaFifteen in 1991. Two years later, he made his feature film debut by playing an orphan raised in India, who is inspired byMahatma Gandhi to go on a hunger strike in a small town in Canada inOrdinary Magic (1993). Reynolds had a recurring role on the television showThe Odyssey (1993). He followed this with minor appearances onThe X-Files (1996), and the television filmSabrina the Teenage Witch (1996). His breakthrough role was as medical student Michael "Berg" Bergen in the sitcomTwo Guys and a Girl. He played a slacker inNational Lampoon's Van Wilder (2002), and vampire hunterHannibal King inBlade: Trinity (2004) withWesley Snipes. Reynolds appeared in lead roles in the commercially successful romantic comediesJust Friends (2005),Definitely, Maybe (2008), andThe Proposal (2009). In 2010, he played a military contractor who is captured by terrorists in the psychological thrillerBuried. The following year, Reynolds starred in the title role of the superhero filmGreen Lantern which received a generally negative reception from the critics and performed poorly at the box office leading to a decline in his career. Reynolds experienced a career turnaround when he played the titular antihero in the superhero filmDeadpool (2016), which he also produced. It received generally positive reviews from the critics especially for his irreverent comedic performance, and Reynolds garnered a nomination for theGolden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy. The film was also a commercial success, grossing a worldwide total of over $782 million at the box-office. He reprised the role in its 2018 sequelDeadpool 2 which received generally positive reviews from critics, and was a commercial success. The following year, he voicedPikachu in the filmDetective Pikachu (2019).
He has scored eightinternational hat-tricks. On 10 June 1996, he scored his first internationalhat-tricks, in an 8–0 win overNepal atAzadi Stadium in Tehran. On 17 November 2004, he scored the last one againstLaos in a2006 FIFA World Cup Qualification match, giving him 102 goals and making him the first male player to score 100 goals in international football.
He scored 36 goals inFIFA World Cup qualification matches, 23 goals inAFC Asian Cup qualification games and 9 goals inAsian Games, as well as 14 goals inAFC Asian Cup Finals. The remainder of his goals, 27, were scored in friendly matches. He scored eight goals two opposition teams, theMaldives and Laos, his highest tally against any country. He scored 44 international goals at the Azadi Stadium, his most at a single ground.
Burnley Football Club, an Englishassociation football club based inBurnley,Lancashire, was founded on 18 May 1882 as Burnley Rovers. The suffix "Rovers" was soon dropped, and the club was simply known as "Burnley Football Club" at the time of its first match on 10 August 1882. For the first six years of its existence, there was noleague football, so matches were arranged on anad hoc basis, supplemented bycup competitions organised at local and national level. The club won its first trophy in 1883: the Dr Dean Cup, a knockout competition between amateur clubs in the local area. Burnley turned professional at the end of 1883, first entered theFA Cup in the1885–86 season, and were one of the 12 founding members of theFootball League in1888. The team have played in the top four tiers of English football from 1888 to the present day.
In 1948,Billboard magazine published twocharts specifically covering the top-performingcountry music songs in the United States. At the start of the year,Billboard's sole ranking of country music recordings was based on the number of times a song had been played injukeboxes. The Most Played Juke Box Folk Records chart had been published since 1944 and was compiled based on a weekly survey of "a selected group of juke box operators whose locations require folk records". In May, the magazine added a second country music chart, the Best Selling Folk Retail Records listing, based on a similar survey of "a selected group of retail stores, the majority of whose customers purchase folk records". The Juke Box Folk chart was discontinued in 1957 and the Best Sellers chart the following year; both are considered part of thelineage of the magazine's current country music songs charts.
The image text for the first picture (directly under the header) currently statesCanary Wharf, one of our newest (if you ignore that we work thr. While I'm not certain what it is mind to say I'm guessing something is missing hereMerry Christmas!AsarteaTalkContribs!07:36, 28 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
@Asartea: ...I'm sure I completed that thought, but I think I did it on my tablet just before publication, and that's always prone to possible error. Oh, well. I've re-added some variant of the commentary on "newest" featured content that I had written before. Because you always talk about the "Newest" featured content in these sorts of articles, even if actually getting to publication means you need two weeks after the cutoff date for when content needs to be promoted by in order to have some chance at having the time to put it together, so...Adam Cuerden(talk)Has about 7.8% of allFPs08:54, 28 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
@HJ Mitchell: My apologies, these are all set up by hand, so I think I messed up there. Fixing it right now. My process at the moment is to get the list from the various weekly pages ofWP:GO, then go to the FAC logs and grab all the nominators, and I seem to have just... missed your name.Adam Cuerden(talk)Has about 7.8% of allFPs17:48, 28 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
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