Simon Cameron (1799–1889) was an American businessman and politician who was four times electedsenator fromPennsylvania, and whose involvement in politics spanned over half a century. He served asUnited States Secretary of War under PresidentAbraham Lincoln at the start of theAmerican Civil War. Allegations of corruption and lax management led to his demotion to minister to Russia in January 1862, after which he rebuilt his political machine that survived him by several decades, dominating Pennsylvania politics until the 1920s.
As Gog puts it, "Charles of Blois was having the best year of his life:the French king had backed his claim to theDuchy of Brittany, and supported him with a huge army, which had rolled over the duchy and capturedhis rival claimant.His rival's wife donned man's armour and fought on, but was now trapped with her last adherents in Brittany's westernmost fastness, besieged by land and blockaded at sea by a mercenary flotilla. The English had blustered and postured for the past five years of phoney war but Charles knew they were short of money, ships and good sailing weather. What could possibly go wrong?" Quite a lot actually; the siege resulted in Charles abandoning west Brittany.
Melisende (c. 1109 – 1161) was thequeen of Jerusalem from 1131 to 1152. She was the first female ruler of theKingdom of Jerusalem and the first woman to hold a public office in thecrusader kingdom. She was a legend in her lifetime for her support of the Christian communities in her kingdom. Contemporary chroniclerWilliam of Tyre praised her abilities, and she was a great patron of the arts. Modern historians differ in their assessment, one asserting that "her thirst for power was greater than her wisdom", another concluding that she was "one of the most energetic among mediaeval queens".
Maximiliano Hernández Martínez was El Salvador's longest serving president, being in office from 1931–1934 and 1935–1944. He rose to power after a coup d'état that established El Salvador's 48-year-long military dictatorship that lasted until 1979. Due to the duration of his presidency, the things he did as president, and the impact he left on El Salvador's history, Martínez has had a lot written about him. However, he is not well known outside of El Salvador.
This continues Hog Farm's work on theVicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War. After a fight at Raymond on May 12, 1863, Grant decided that the growing Confederate force at Jackson, Mississippi posed enough of a threat that his operational plans needed to be amended to neutralize it. While Grant approached Jackson from two directions, Joseph E. Johnston, sent by the Confederate government to take command in Mississippi, decided almost immediately that the city could not be held. John Gregg, who had led the Confederate troops at Raymond, commanded a delaying action that bought time for the Confederate wagon train to escape. Following the battle, Jackson experienced a wide range of destruction, ranging from legitimate destruction of military and infrastructure targets to wanton pillaging to released convicts burning down a prison.
AboutThe Bugle
First published in 2006,the Bugle is the monthly newsletter of the English Wikipedia's Military history WikiProject.
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