| The White Swan Hotel | |
|---|---|
 White Swan Hotel | |
 White Swan Hotel, Grade IIlisted building. | |
  Location within Northumberland | |
| Hotel chain | Classic Lodges |
| General information | |
| Location | Alnwick,Northumberland, 18–20 Bondgate Within |
| Coordinates | 55°24′46.86″N1°42′15.97″W / 55.4130167°N 1.7044361°W /55.4130167; -1.7044361 |
| Opening | 18th century |
| Other information | |
| Number of suites | 57 |
| Parking | Yes |
| Website | |
| The White Swan Hotel | |
TheWhite Swan Hotel is a hotel in the middle of the historic market town ofAlnwick,Northumberland, England. The hotel is a 300-year-oldcoaching inn and is aGrade II listed building. Its most distinctive feature is the Olympic Suite, a large room furnished with interior decorations fromRMS Olympic.
Originally established in the 18th century, the inn is recorded by theUniversal British Directory as one of two existing in Alnwick in 1791.[1]The Gentleman's Magazine noted in 1797 that it was "occupied by a man named Wilson, who at one time had lived as footman in the Hervey family."[2] W. Davison, writing in 1822, stated that the White Swan was "the principal inn ... at which the mail and union coaches stop, and all the posting on thegreat north road."[3]
In 1852Algernon Percy, 4th Duke of Northumberland brought in the architectAnthony Salvin to remodel his family seat atAlnwick Castle.[4] Salvin also remodelled the White Swan at the same time;[5] the current frontage dates from this period.[6] Since then the hotel has expanded into neighbouring buildings, which have been incorporated into it and converted into bedrooms.
The hotel has undergone various extensions and renovations, including one in 1936 when its then owner, Algernon Smart, bought various elements from the decommissioned RMSOlympic and incorporated them into the fabric of the building.[6]
The hotel is a two-storey building, faced with a mid-19th century facade built ofashlar with anattic. The building is roofed in slate with three chimneys. The attic storey has a row of ninedormer windows, five of pedimented style edged with carved side scrolls, alternating with four of circular form. The left portion of the building has an arcade of three bays with channelledrustication. The central bay and the arched main entrance are both surmounted with stone balconies.[7]
Inside the hotel, which was given Grade II listed status on 25 August 1977, is the Olympic Suite, a room measuring 59 ft × 63 ft (18 m × 19 m) and 12 ft 3 in (3.73 m) high which is furnished with panelled walls and decorated ceilings taken from RMSOlympic. The room consists of three and a half bays and three aisles, with bay windows on the north and east sides.[7] The hotel also incorporates elements of one ofOlympic's staircases[8] and a revolving door from the ship.[9]
The hotel's Olympic Suite incorporates panelling, mirrors, a ceiling and stained-glass windows which were removed fromOlympic when she was being dismantled inJarrow in 1936. The hotel's then-owner, Algernon Smart, had been a frequent traveller onOlympic and took part in theauction of the ship's fittings in November 1935. At the auction, which was run by the London firmKnight Frank & Rutley, he had the winning bids for elements of the First Class Lounge, the D deck banister from theGrand Staircase, the Aft First Class Staircase, and therevolving door from the liner's restaurant.[9]
The First Class Lounge onOlympic was identical to that of her sister shipTitanic; both were designed and fitted by the same teams of craftsmen and artisans, as the two ships were constructed at nearly the same time. The interiors of the ships were designed by Aldam, Heaton & Co., who had previously worked on otherWhite Star Line vessels and had also carried out interior design on the homes of White Star Line chairmanBruce Ismay and his family. Many of the ships' interiors were designed by the architect Arthur Henry Durand, who had studied architecture inBrussels between 1891–3 and participated in the design of theEiffel Tower inParis. He set up his own practice in London in 1903 and worked for both the White Star Line andP&O.[10]
The lounge was described at the time as "a magnificent salon, pronounced by many persons as the finest room ever built into a ship. It is more suggestive of a state apartment in a palace than a room on shipboard." The analogy was an apt one, as the room was decorated in theLouis XV style based on interiors at thePalace of Versailles. The walls were panelled with finest English oak carved with delicateboiseries decorated with scrolled floral-and-shell ornamentation, rather than the gilding that would have been seen in the French originals. At one end of the lounge was a non-functional grey marble fireplace with a carved mantelpiece and a curb of a pierced scroll-and-shell pattern, measuring 5 ft 6 in (1.68 m) wide in total.[11] This too can be seen in the Olympic Suite.
The equivalent lounge onTitanic was described byThe Shipbuilder magazine as a place where, during voyages, "passengers will indulge in reading, conversation, cards, tea-drinking and other social intercourse." It disintegrated duringTitanic's sinking, releasing many wooden fragments to float to the surface while strewing metal fittings across the sea bed. TheOlympic's fittings in the White Swan helped the oceanographerRobert Ballard to identify where the identical fittings fromTitanic had come from when he found them in the debris field around thewreck of theTitanic.[12] An archway from the lounge preserved at the hotel is identical to the same archway fromTitanic which was recovered by ships fromHalifax, Nova Scotia searching for bodies and is now displayed at theMaritime Museum of the Atlantic in Halifax.
The room's decoration was crafted by joiners and artisans working for theBelfast shipbuildersHarland & Wolff, either in sheds at the shipyards in Queen's Island, now theTitanic Quarter or brought in from outside contractors.[10] No fewer than 186 woodcarvers worked onOlympic's fittings.[13] The usual practice was for the designers to produce composite sketches showing the general concept of the surface and carvings of an interior feature, along with a sectional profile of the general shape and proportion of the sculptural elements relative to one another. It was not intended to be an actual plan but served instead to give the woodcarver a general concept of how the design was to look.[10]
At the entrance to the hotel is the revolving door that was originally fitted toOlympic's First Class restaurant entrance.[9] This was a feature that only appeared onOlympic, which needed a way of keeping sea breezes out of the room.Titanic had no such need as changes to the ship's design made a revolving door unnecessary.[14]
The hotel also incorporates pieces from the Aft First Class Staircase.[9] This was not as long or elaborate as the more famous forward Grand Staircase, as depicted in the 1997 filmTitanic, but was decorated in a similar style, again in finely carved English oak. During the sinking of theTitanic, the ship split apart right across the aft staircase; many artefacts from it have been discovered in the wreck's debris field.[15] However it has recently been discovered that at least the first portion of the staircase is in fact from the main Grand Staircase and not the Aft Staircase. This is due to the fact the staircase has thirteen steps and not eleven.[16] A photo composite has proved the bannister's origin.[17]
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