Weinan 渭南市 | |
|---|---|
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.png) Location of Weinan City jurisdiction in Shaanxi | |
| Coordinates (Weinan municipal government):34°31′14″N109°28′16″E / 34.5206°N 109.4710°E /34.5206; 109.4710 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Shaanxi |
| Settled | 668 BC |
| Municipal seat | Linwei District |
| Divisions County-level: Township-level: | 2 district 2 county-level cities 7 counties 143 towns and villages |
| Government | |
| • CPC Ctte Secretary | Li Mingyuan |
| • Mayor | Li Yi |
| Area | |
| • Land | 13,134 km2 (5,071 sq mi) |
| • Urban (2018)[1] | 78 km2 (30 sq mi) |
| Population (2010) | |
| 5,520,772 | |
| • Urban (2018)[1] | 660,000 |
| • Urban density | 8,500/km2 (22,000/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Guanzhong dialect |
| GDP[2] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 143 billion US$ 23 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 26,729 US$ 4,292 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 714000 |
| Area code | 0913 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-SN-05 |
| Licence plate prefixes | 陕E |
| Website | (in Chinese)Weinan.gov.cn (in English)EN.Weinan.gov.cn |
Weinan (Chinese:渭南;pinyin:Wèinán) is aprefecture-level city in east-centralShaanxi province, northwest China. The city lies on the lower section of theWei Riverconfluence into theYellow River, about 60 km (37 mi) east of theprovincial capitalXi'an, and borders the provinces ofShanxi andHenan to the east.
The name "Weinan", literally meaning "south of the Wei River", describes the location of the city'surbandistricts being mostly south of the Wei River, although majority of itsmetropolitan area actually lies on the north side of the river.
As a significant area between the ancient Chinese capitalXi'an andLuoyang, Weinan has a long history.
The ancientDali Man lived in the modern area of Weinan. The Xiagui county was settled in the year of 668 BC by the state ofQin. Weinan got its name in the year of 360 by theFormer Qin state. In theTang dynasty, 10emperors were buried in Weinan after their death. On the morning of 23 January 1556,the deadliest earthquake on record with its epicenter inHuaxian killed approximately 830,000 people, destroying an 840 kilometre-wide (520 mi) area.[3]
The Weinan prefecture-level city was established in 1995, in replacement of the Weinan prefecture. Due to the construction of theSanmenxia Dam, the economy of the city was restricted to agricultural sections, and therefore the development level of the city is much lower than other cities in the province. The city developed rapidly after economic reform in China. The east part ofGuanzhong Plain now belongs to the city, making Weinan the second most populated city in the Shaanxi province, after the capital Xi'an.
The municipal executive, legislature andjudiciary are inLinwei District, together with theCPC andPublic Security bureaux.
| Administrative divisions of Weinan City | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Division code[4] | English name | Chinese name | Pinyin | Area (km) | Seat | Postal code | Subdivisions[5] | |||
| Subdistricts | Towns | Residential communities | Villages | |||||||
| 610500 | Weinan City | 渭南市 | Wèinán Shì | 13030.56 | Linwei District | 714000 | 12 | 130 | 215 | 3218 |
| 610502 | Linwei District | 临渭区 | Línwèi Qū | 1263.76 | Duqiao Subdistrict (杜桥街道) | 714000 | 8 | 16 | 56 | 514 |
| 610503 | Huazhou District | 华州区 | Huàzhōu Qū | 1132.46 | Huazhou Subdistrict (华州街道) | 714100 | 1 | 9 | 15 | 242 |
| 610522 | Tongguan County | 潼关县 | Tóngguān Xiàn | 427.35 | Chengguan Subdistrict (城关街道) | 714300 | 1 | 4 | 15 | 78 |
| 610523 | Dali County | 大荔县 | Dàlì Xiàn | 1690.60 | Chengguan Subdistrict (城关街道) | 715100 | 1 | 15 | 26 | 400 |
| 610524 | Heyang County | 合阳县 | Héyáng Xiàn | 1317.15 | Chengguan Subdistrict (城关街道) | 715300 | 1 | 11 | 19 | 353 |
| 610525 | Chengcheng County | 澄城县 | Chéngchéng Xiàn | 1121.64 | Chengguan Subdistrict (城关街道) | 715200 | 1 | 9 | 14 | 266 |
| 610526 | Pucheng County | 蒲城县 | Púchéng Xiàn | 1579.81 | Chengguan Subdistrict (城关街道) | 715500 | 1 | 15 | 8 | 373 |
| 610527 | Baishui County | 白水县 | Báishuǐ Xiàn | 983.95 | Chengguan Subdistrict (城关街道) | 715600 | 1 | 7 | 11 | 194 |
| 610528 | Fuping County | 富平县 | Fùpíng Xiàn | 1245.99 | Chengguan Subdistrict (城关街道) | 711700 | 1 | 14 | 9 | 337 |
| 610581 | Hancheng City | 韩城市 | Hánchéng Shì | 1591.60 | Xincheng Subdistrict (新城街道) | 715400 | 2 | 10 | 26 | 275 |
| 610582 | Huayin City | 华阴市 | Huàyīn Shì | 676.26 | Taihua Road Subdistrict (太华路街道) | 714200 | 2 | 4 | 16 | 186 |
| Note: The statistic of Linwei District includes the 2 subdistricts of Weinan High-Tech Industrial Development Zone. | ||||||||||
| Climate data for Weinan, elevation 350 m (1,150 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.3 (63.1) | 24.2 (75.6) | 30.9 (87.6) | 36.2 (97.2) | 37.5 (99.5) | 42.8 (109.0) | 40.4 (104.7) | 39.0 (102.2) | 37.9 (100.2) | 32.0 (89.6) | 25.6 (78.1) | 22.5 (72.5) | 42.8 (109.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.3 (41.5) | 9.9 (49.8) | 16.0 (60.8) | 22.7 (72.9) | 27.7 (81.9) | 32.5 (90.5) | 33.2 (91.8) | 30.9 (87.6) | 26.1 (79.0) | 20.3 (68.5) | 12.9 (55.2) | 6.6 (43.9) | 20.3 (68.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.1 (31.8) | 3.9 (39.0) | 9.5 (49.1) | 15.8 (60.4) | 20.9 (69.6) | 25.9 (78.6) | 27.4 (81.3) | 25.3 (77.5) | 20.4 (68.7) | 14.5 (58.1) | 7.3 (45.1) | 1.4 (34.5) | 14.4 (57.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4.3 (24.3) | −0.8 (30.6) | 4.1 (39.4) | 9.7 (49.5) | 14.5 (58.1) | 19.5 (67.1) | 22.3 (72.1) | 20.8 (69.4) | 16.0 (60.8) | 10.0 (50.0) | 2.9 (37.2) | −2.8 (27.0) | 9.3 (48.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −13.7 (7.3) | −14.5 (5.9) | −7.5 (18.5) | −1.2 (29.8) | 2.4 (36.3) | 10.3 (50.5) | 15.0 (59.0) | 13.0 (55.4) | 6.6 (43.9) | −3.3 (26.1) | −7.7 (18.1) | −16.7 (1.9) | −16.7 (1.9) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 5.4 (0.21) | 10.1 (0.40) | 21.9 (0.86) | 42.9 (1.69) | 55.3 (2.18) | 56.4 (2.22) | 82.8 (3.26) | 82.0 (3.23) | 96.2 (3.79) | 54.5 (2.15) | 25.9 (1.02) | 5.1 (0.20) | 538.5 (21.21) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 3.3 | 4.0 | 5.6 | 7.1 | 8.4 | 7.2 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 11.0 | 8.5 | 5.6 | 2.6 | 81.4 |
| Average snowy days | 4.0 | 2.8 | 1.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.1 | 3.2 | 12.2 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 64 | 63 | 62 | 64 | 64 | 61 | 72 | 78 | 80 | 77 | 74 | 67 | 69 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 130.8 | 129.3 | 167.8 | 194.8 | 217.5 | 218.0 | 228.5 | 203.7 | 146.3 | 138.6 | 126.7 | 128.8 | 2,030.8 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 42 | 42 | 45 | 49 | 50 | 50 | 52 | 49 | 40 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 45 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[6][7] | |||||||||||||
| Division | Permanent residents[8](November 2010) | Hukou residents[9] (by end of 2010) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Percentage | Population density (persons/km2) | ||
| Weinan City | 5286077 | 100 | 405.67 | 5600599 |
| Linwei District | 877142 | 16.59 | 694.07 | 976822 |
| Huazhou District | 322148 | 6.09 | 284.47 | 347913 |
| Tongguan County | 155463 | 2.94 | 363.79 | 165860 |
| Dali County | 693392 | 13.12 | 410.15 | 718340 |
| Heyang County | 436441 | 8.26 | 331.35 | 451983 |
| Chengcheng County | 386150 | 7.31 | 344.27 | 404663 |
| Pucheng County | 743000 | 14.06 | 470.31 | 782571 |
| Baishui County | 279679 | 5.29 | 284.24 | 294823 |
| Fuping County | 743385 | 14.06 | 596.62 | 791246 |
| Hancheng City | 391164 | 7.40 | 245.77 | 399696 |
| Huayin City | 258113 | 4.88 | 381.68 | 266682 |
| Note:The permanent residents of Linwei district include the 49209 permanent residents of Weinan High-Tech Industrial Development Zone. | ||||
According to thesixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China, there are 5,286,077 people resident in Weinan.[10] Compared to theprevious census data from 2000, the population has decreased by 108,729 persons. Among the residents, 50.75% are males and 49.25% are females. The number of male and female residents are separately 2,682,710 and 2,603,367. Thesex ratio is 103.05.[10]
Due to its location on the plain, Weinan is well connected, especially to the provincial capital Xi'an.
As of March 2015, there are 20 bus routes operated in the urban area of the city. Apart from line 1 and 2 with air-conditioning carrying a fare of 2 RMB, all other bus route fares are 1 RMB. There are also 1000 taxis in the urban city, The base fare is currently ¥5 which covers the first 2.5 km. Additional kilometers cost ¥1.4 or ¥1.5 each.
China National Highway 108 andChina National Highway 310 pass through the city. Major expressways in the city areG5 Beijing–Kunming Expressway,G30 Lianyungang–Khorgas Expressway andG65E Yulin–Lantian Expressway. 5 bridges connect north and south part of the city on the Wei River, there are also 3 road bridges connecting the city to the neighboringShanxi Province on theYellow River.
The urban city of Weinan owns 4 railway stations.Weinan railway station was open in 1934. Located on the importantLonghai railway, almost all Chinese major cities can be reached through the train.Weinan North railway station is served by high-speed trains on theXuzhou–Lanzhou andDatong–Xi'an lines. The station is part of theWeinan Weihe Grand Bridge, one of the longest bridges in the world. Weinan South railway station and Weinan West railway station are on theNanjing–Xi'an Railway, they are both only served by the slowest trains.
In the suburban area, there are also 2 stations for high-speed railway:Huashan North Railway Station andDali Railway Station, there are as well also stations for conventional rail like theHuashan railway station andHancheng railway station.
There is no commercial passagenger airport in Weinan, the nearest airport isXi'an Xianyang International Airport. A shuttle bus connects the Weinan Railway Station with the airport frequently throughout the day. A smaller airport is under construction in Huazhou District to serve the tourism ofHua Mountain.
As of the end of 2012, there are 2859 schools of all kinds; 75 high schools, 70 vocational schools, 310 junior high schools, 1266 primary schools, 1002 kindergartens and 7 special education schools.
Weinan has 3 higher educational institutions. TheWeinan Normal University is a comprehensive multi-discipline research university. Weinan has 2 other tertiary institutions, they areShaanxi Railway Institute andWeinan Vocational and Technical College.
Weinan'stwin towns and sister cities are:
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