The studio's predecessor (and modern Warner Bros. Entertainment as a whole) was founded in 1910 as theWarner Features Company inNew Castle, Pennsylvania, by filmmaker Sam Warner and his business partners and brothers, Harry, Albert, and Jack.[4] They produced their first film, thePeril of the Plains[5] in 1912, which Sam directed for theSt. Louis Motion Picture Company.[6] In 1918, duringWorld War I, the four Warner brothers produced an adaptation of the bookMy Four Years in Germany byJames W. Gerard as their first full-scale picture,[7] which was a box office hit and helped the brothers to establish themselves as a prestige studio.[8]
On April 4, 1923, Warner Bros. Pictures, Inc. was officially established, as the brothers focused entirely on the motion picture industry.[9] In 1927, Warner Bros. Pictures revolutionized the film industry by releasing its first sound film (or "talkie"),The Jazz Singer, starringAl Jolson.[10]
In November 1966, Jack L. Warner acknowledged advancing age and changing times, selling 32% of control of the studio and music business toSeven Arts Productions for $32 million.[16] (Seven Arts Productions was run by Canadian investors Elliot and Kenneth Hyman.) Eventually the company, including the studio, was renamedWarner Bros.-Seven Arts on July 14, 1967.[17]
Kinney National / Warner Communications era (1969–1990)
Two years later the Hymans accepted a cash-and-stock offer fromKinney National Company for more than $64 million.[18] In 1967, Kinney had previously acquiredDC Comics (then officially known as National Periodical Publications), as well as a Hollywood talent agency,Ashley-Famous,[19] whose founderTed Ashley led Kinney headSteve Ross to purchase Warner Bros.
Ashley-Famous was soon spun off due to antitrust laws prohibiting the simultaneous ownership of a film studio and a talent agency. Ashley became the studio head and changed the name toWarner Bros., Inc. once again.[20] Jack Warner was outraged by the Hymans's sale, and decided to move into independent production (most successfully with1776 at Columbia). He retired in 1973 and eventually died from serious health complications of heart inflammation in September 1978.
The logo, designed bySaul Bass, was used from 1972 until 1984. It is currently used by the separately spun-offWarner Music Group.
In late 1973, Warner Bros. announced that it had partnered with20th Century Fox to co-produce a single film: producerIrwin Allen'sThe Towering Inferno.[22] Both studios found themselves owning the rights to books about burning skyscrapers: Warner was attempting to adaptThomas N. Scortia andFrank M. Robinson'sThe Glass Inferno and Fox was preparing an adaptation ofRichard Martin Stern'sThe Tower. Allen insisted on a meeting with the heads of both studios and announced that as Fox was already in the lead with their property it would be preferable to lump the two together as a single film, with Fox owning domestic rights and Warner Bros. handling the film's foreign distribution. The resulting partnership resulted in the second-highest-grossing film of 1974, turning profits for both studios, and influencing future co-productions between major studios. Although Allen would make further films for Warner Bros., he would not repeat the success he had withThe Towering Inferno.
Abandoning parking lots and funeral homes, the refocused Kinney renamed itself in honor of its best-known holding,Warner Communications. Throughout the 1970s and 1980s Warner Communications branched out into other business, such asvideo game companyAtari, Inc. in 1976, and later theSix Flags theme parks.
In 1972, in a cost-cutting move, Warner and Columbia formed a third company calledThe Burbank Studios (TBS).[23] They would share the Warner lot in Burbank.[23] Both studios technically became production entities, giving TBS day-to-day responsibility for studio grounds and upkeep.[23] TheColumbia Ranch (about a mile north of Warner's lot) was part of the deal.[23]
The Warner–Columbia relationship was acrimonious, but the reluctance of both studios to approve or spend money on capital upgrades that might only help the other did have the unintended consequence of preserving the Warner lot's primary function as a filmmaking facility while it produced relatively little during the 1970s and 1980s.[23] One famous film that was filmed at the Warner lot during this era wasBlade Runner (1982) by directorRidley Scott.[24] Most films produced after 1968 were filmed on location after the failure ofCamelot was partially attributed to the fact it was set in England but obviously filmed in Burbank.[23] With control over its own lot tied up in TBS, Warner ultimately retained a significant portion of itsbacklot,[23] while Fox sold its backlot to createCentury City, Universal turned part of its backlot intoa theme park andshopping center, andDisney replaced its backlot with office buildings and moved itsanimation department to an industrial park in Glendale.
In 1989, a solution to the situation became evident when Warner Bros. acquiredLorimar-Telepictures and gained control of the former MGM studio lot inCulver City, and that same year,Sony bought Columbia Pictures.[23] Sony was flush with cash and Warner Bros. now had two studio lots.[23] In 1990, TBS ended when Sony bought the MGM lot from Warner and moved Columbia to Culver City.[23] However, Warner kept the Columbia Ranch, now known as the Warner Bros. Ranch.[23]
Robert A. Daly joined Warner Bros. on December 1, 1980, taking over from Ted Ashley. His titles were chairman of the board and Co-Chief Executive Officer. One year later, he was named chairman of the board and chief executive officer and appointedTerry Semel President and Chief Operating Officer.Warner Bros. Animation was established in March, 1980.
As part of Time Warner/Time Warner Entertainment/AOL Time Warner/TimeWarner (1990–2018)
A panoramic view over studio premises in 2007Warner Bros. Pictures logo and wordmark used from 1993 to 2020. This logo was used as the on-screen logo of the studio from 1984 to 2022.
Warner Communications merged in 1989 withwhite-shoe publishing companyTime Inc. Time claimed a higher level of prestige, while Warner Bros. provided the profits. TheTime-Warner merger was almost derailed whenParamount Communications (formerlyGulf+Western, later sold to the first incarnation ofViacom), launched a $12.2 billionhostile takeover bid for Time Inc., forcing Time to acquire Warner with a $14.9 billion cash/stock offer. Paramount responded with a lawsuit filed inDelaware court to break up the merger. Paramount lost and the merger proceeded. Time Warner formed Time Warner Entertainment in 1992 by merging its entertainment operations for the first time.
In 1993,Warner Bros. Family Entertainment was established to produce various family-oriented films, plus animated films.[25] The Family Entertainment label was dormant in 2011. In 1994,Jon Peters, whose Peters Entertainment company had a non-exclusive deal atSony Pictures, received another non-exclusive, financing deal at Warner Bros., citing that then presidentTerry Samel and producer Peters were friends.[26]
The former Warner Bros. shield logo, which was used from 1993 to 2019, and extensively used in films and on its TV shows until 2022. Currently used as the on-screen logo forWarner Bros. Home Entertainment as of 2025
In 1995, Warner Bros. and television station ownerTribune Company of Chicago launchedThe WB Television Network, seeking a large share of the niche market of teenage viewers. The WB's early programming included an abundance of teenage fare, such asBuffy the Vampire Slayer,Smallville,Dawson's Creek andOne Tree Hill. Two dramas produced bySpelling Television,7th Heaven andCharmed, helped bring The WB into the spotlight.Charmed lasted eight seasons, becoming the longest-running drama with female leads.7th Heaven ran for eleven seasons and was the longest-running family drama and longest-running show for the network. In 2006, Warner Bros. andCBS Corporation decided to close The WB and CBS'sUPN and jointly launchThe CW Television Network.
Also that same year,Bruce Berman left Warner Bros. to begin Plan B Entertainment, then he subsequently headedVillage Roadshow Pictures with a deal at the studio.[35]
In 1998, Time Warner Entertainment sold Six Flags to Premier Parks.[36] The takeover of Time Warner Entertainment in 2001 by then-high-flyingAmerica Online (AOL) did not prove a good match, and following the collapse in "dot-com" stocks, the AOL element was banished from the corporate name.
In 1998, Warner Bros. celebrated its 75th anniversary. In 1999, Terry Semel and Robert Daly resigned as studio heads after a career with 13 Oscar-nominated films. Daly and Semel were said to have popularized the modern model of partner financing and profit sharing for film production. In mid-1999,Alan F. Horn andBarry Meyer replaced Daly and Semel as new studio heads, in which the studio had continued success in movies, television shows, cartoons, that the previous studio heads had for the studio. In late 2003, Time Warner reorganized Warner Bros.'s assets underWarner Bros. Entertainment Inc., in an effort to distinguish the film studio from its then-sister record label (which since became Warner Records in May 2019) and Warner Music Group.
The studio division was incorporated asWarner Bros. Pictures on March 3, 2003, to diversify film subjects and expand audiences for their film releases.[37] The company became part of the Warner Bros. Pictures Group, which was established in 2008, and Jeff Robinov was appointed the first president of the company.[38]
In the late 1990s, Warner Bros. obtained rights to theHarry Potter novels and released feature film adaptations of thefirst in November 2001. Subsequently, they released thesecond film in November 2002, thethird in June 2004, thefourth in November 2005, thefifth in July 2007, and thesixth in July 2009.[39] The seventh (and at that time, final) book was released as two movies;Deathly Hallows — Part 1 in November 2010 andDeathly Hallows — Part 2 in July 2011.
Warner Bros. played a large part in the discontinuation of theHD DVD format. On January 4, 2008, Warner Bros. announced that they would drop support of HD DVD in favor ofBlu-ray Disc.[40] HD DVDs continued to be released through May 2008, but only following Blu-ray and DVD releases.
In May 2011, Warner Bros. Home Entertainment Group acquiredFlixster,[44] a movie discovery application company. The acquisition also includesRotten Tomatoes, a movie review aggregator.[45]
On March 6, 2013, Time Warner announced plans tospin off Time Inc. into a publicly traded company.[46]Time Warner's chairman/CEOJeff Bewkes said that the split would allow Time Warner to focus entirely on its television and film businesses, and Time Inc. to focus on its core print media businesses.[47] It was announced in May 2014 that Time Inc. would become apublicly traded company on June 6 of that year.[48] The spin-off was completed on June 9, 2014.[49]
On October 21, 2014, Warner Bros. created a short form digital unit, Blue Ribbon Content, underWarner Bros. Animation and Warner Digital Series presidentSam Register.[50] Warner Bros. Digital Networks announced its acquisition of online video companyMachinima, Inc. on November 17, 2016.[51]
In 2017, longtime New Line executiveToby Emmerich joined as President of Warner Bros. Pictures Group.[56] In January 2018, he was promoted to chairman.[57][58] On October 23, 2018, it was announced that Lynne Frank, President of Warner Bros. Pictures Group, would be leaving the company to pursue new opportunities.[59] In June 2019, Warner Bros. Pictures signed an agreement withSF Studios to have their films distributed in Sweden, Denmark, Norway, and Finland.[60]
In June 2018, Warner Bros. parent company Time Warner was acquired by U.S. telecom companyAT&T, and renamed WarnerMedia, the former Time Inc. properties having been sold off to new owners.[61] On October 16, 2018, WarnerMedia shut downDramaFever, affecting 20% of Warner Bros.' digital networks staff.[62]
On March 4, 2019, WarnerMedia announced a planned reorganization that would break-up theTurner Broadcasting System by movingCartoon Network,Adult Swim,Boomerang, their respective production studios (Cartoon Network Studios andWilliams Street), as well asTurner Classic Movies andOtter Media, directly under Warner Bros. (Turner's remaining television services and joint ventures would be divided into WarnerMedia Entertainment and WarnerMedia News & Sports respectively). Aside from Otter Media, these assets operate under a newly formed Global Kids & Young Adults division,[63] renamed on April 7, 2020, toWarner Bros. Global Kids, Young Adults and Classics.[64] On May 31, 2019, Otter Media was transferred from Warner Bros. to WarnerMedia Entertainment to oversee the development ofHBO Max, a new streaming service that would feature content fromHBO and WarnerMedia brands.[65]Tom Ascheim resigned as president of cable networkFreeform to become the president of the Global Kids, Young Adults, and Classics division on July 1, 2020, until May 11, 2022, whenMichael Ouweleen took over as the current president ofThe Cartoon Network, Inc.[66]
These are the two versions ofPentagram's 2019 Warner Bros. shield logo, which are used from 2019 to 2023. One is the regular logo on the left, and the other is the "dimensional" version on the right.[67]
On November 13, 2019, Warner Bros. unveiled an updated iteration of its shield logo byPentagram in anticipation of the company's upcoming centennial, which features a streamlined appearance designed to make it better-suited for multi-platform usage and iterations. The company also commissioned a new corporatetypeface that is modeled upon the "WB" lettering.[68][69]
Warner Bros. and HBO Max announced the Warner Max film label on February 5, 2020, which was to produce eight-to-ten mid-budget movies per year for the streaming service starting in 2020.[70] However, the label was ultimately discontinued in October 2020 as part of a consolidation of the Warner Bros. Pictures group.[71][72][73]
Like most other film distributors, Warner Bros. Pictures struggled with releasing films during the 2020COVID-19 pandemic because of restrictions on opening theaters. After postponing several films planned for 2020 into 2021, Warner Bros. announced in December 2020 that they would take an unusual approach: planning their full slate of 2021 films for both theatrical release and simultaneous one-month availability on theHBO Max streaming service. This approach was similar to the studio's release ofWonder Woman 1984 that month.
After one month, these films would still be shown in theaters and would later become available via home media on typical release schedules.[74] The inclusion of streaming, dubbed "Project Popcorn", was criticized by production companies, directors, and actors. The criticism arose because Warner Bros. Pictures announced the streaming plan without informing these groups in advance, and because of concerns about lower payouts due to streaming options.[75] These criticisms led Warner Bros. Pictures to alter compensation rates for the affected films by January 2021, in order to provide larger payouts to their casts and crews.[76]
In March 2021, Warner Bros. announced that they would discontinue the model of same-day HBO Max and theatrical release in 2022; instead, they would use a 45-day theatrical exclusivity window.[77] This change is part of an agreement the studio reached withCineworld (who operatesRegal Cinemas).[78]
In February 2022,Village Roadshow Pictures, a co-financier ofThe Matrix Resurrections, began a lawsuit against Warner Bros. over the hybrid release of the sci-fi sequel. Like all of Warner Bros.' 2021 films, the fourthMatrix film was given asimultaneous release on both HBO Max and in theaters due to theCOVID-19 pandemic. According to a complaint filed by Village Roadshow, the decision ruined any December box office hopes.[79] In May of that same year, Village Roadshow agreed to arbitration with Warner Bros. over the release ofThe Matrix Resurrections.[80]
Alternate version of the 2023 Warner Bros. Pictures logo without the banner, used as the on-screen variant in only a few films. Although the late-2023 on-screen logo has been used since December 6, 2023, this logo remains in use for corporate and small-scale purposes. It is also the official current logo of Warner Bros. Pictures' parent company,Warner Bros. Entertainment and its parent company,Warner Bros. Discovery.[81]
Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD) is the legal successor to the company formerly known asDiscovery, Inc. before its acquisition ofWarnerMedia in April 2022. On June 1, 2022, WBD announced several changes:
Toby Emmerich would step down as head of the Warner Bros. Pictures Group after a transition period.
FormerMGM executivesMichael De Luca and Pamela Abdy would serve as co-chairs of Warner Bros. Pictures. They would also temporarily oversee the other two divisions until new executives were hired.
Emmerich would start his own production company; he would also enter into a five-year distribution and funding agreement with Warner Bros. Pictures.[86][87]
On June 8, COO Carolyn Blackwood announced that she was stepping down as well.[88]
Steve Spira returned as president of business affairs for Warner Bros. in June 2022; De Luca and Abdy took over from Emmerich in July 2022. Former presidentAlan Horn was appointed as a consultant for WBD PresidentDavid Zaslav, working with De Luca and Abdy.[89]
In August 2022, Warner Bros. Pictures entered into a multi-year contract to distribute MGM films outside the United States, including on home entertainment. This contract included joint participation by both companies in marketing, advertising, publicity, film distribution, and relationship with exhibitors for future MGM titles.[90] That same month, the studio's plans for film distribution were revised, with increased reliance on theatrical releases rather than releases on HBO Max only.[91]
Walter Hamada, the president of DC Films, stepped down on October 19, 2022.[92] President of Production & Development Courtenay Valenti departed on October 28 and was replaced by Jesse Ehrman.[93][94] On June 9, 2023, the Warner Bros. Pictures Group was renamed as the Warner Bros. Motion Picture Group.[95]
In March 2022, Warner Bros. soft launched a campaign for itscentennial in 2023, with the tagline "100 Years of Storytelling". In December 2022, the centennial campaign was launched with the new tagline "Celebrating Every Story", which will include commemorative initiatives across all Warner Bros. divisions and properties.[96][97] The campaign utilizes a commemorative logo featuring an updated shield byChermayeff & Geismar & Haviv (first introduced in the Warner Bros. Discovery logo), which was revised with a softer appearance, thicker outlines, and a return to using blue and gold as its corporate colors (if not rendered in different colors or textures to suit a specific property). The updated shield is used as a secondary logo, and is used concurrently with the 2019 logo (which is the main and primary logo) since May 2023.[98] As part of the 100th anniversary campaign, the studio released new short features for the Max streaming service that recreates Warner Bros. classics with a focus on diversity.[99] In November 2022,James Gunn andPeter Safran became the co-chairpersons and CEOs of DC Films, which was renamed toDC Studios. The studio also become an independent division of Warner Bros. Discovery.[100]
Proposed acquisition by Netflix, Comcast and Paramount Skydance (2025–present)
In late 2025,Netflix, Inc announced that itintends to purchase Warner Bros. for $82.7 billion.[101] The acquisition is expected to be completed after the previously announced separation of WBD's Global Networks division, Discovery Global, into a new publicly traded company in the third quarter of 2026.[102]Paramount Skydance andComcast also emerged as contenders and submitted rival bids by November 20, 2025. After a second round ofbidding, Netflix was widely seen as the frontrunner by December 4, 2025.[103][104]
Warner Bros. rejected Paramount's offer and advised shareholders to vote in favour of the Netflix deal.[105]
On January 12, 2026, Paramount Skydance sued Warner Bros. Discovery for more information on a rival deal with Netflix. Paramount Skydance also revealed its plan to nominate director's to Warner Bros.'s board to convince investors that its all-cash bid of $30 per share is superior to Netflix's cash-and-stock offer of $27.75 per share for the studios and streaming assets and will more easily clear regulatory hurdles.[106]
In 1997, Warner Bros. signed an agreement with children's television producerBurny Bos and his production company BosBros. for the Benelux distribution rights of his films starting withThe Flying Liftboy, an adventure film based on the children's book byAnnie M.G. Schmidt.[107] The film became the most-visited Dutch film of 1998, which led to a partnership where Warner distributed films from the company such asMiss Minoes,Tow Truck Pluck andWinky's Horse. BosBros. ended the partnership in 2011.[108]
In July 1998,Toshiba, Warner Bros. andNippon Television launched production joint ventureTOWANI Corp [jp][109] with the goal to produce two Japanese films per year starting withSakuya: Slayer of Demons [jp] in 2000.[110] However after producing four features, the company filed for bankruptcy after the box office failure ofCutie Honey In 2004.
In 2025, Warner Bros. Pictures signed a five-film agreement with Bhanushali Studios Limited and JOAT Films to co-create adaptations of Warner Bros. titles for the Indian market.[111]
From 1971 until the end of 1987, Warner Bros.' international distribution operations were a joint venture withColumbia Pictures. In some countries, this joint venture distributed films from other companies (such asEMI Films andCannon Films in the United Kingdom). Warner Bros. ended the venture in 1988.
On May 4, 1987,The Walt Disney Company signed a theatrical distribution agreement with Warner Bros. International for the release of Disney andTouchstone films in overseas markets, with Disney retaining full control of all distribution and marketing decisions on their product.[112] In 1992, Disney opted to end their joint venture with Warner Bros. to startautonomously distributing their films in the aforementioned markets.
In 2001, Warner Bros. began a partnership with German production companyX Filme Creative Pool and its distribution armX Verleih AG [de], were they would co-distribute their releases with the studio.[113] The partnership was later extended in 2004 with 20 additional features.[114]
Before the 2008 merger, Warner Bros. already handled distribution of then-sister company'sNew Line Cinema titles in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Eastern Europe, Russia and select territories in Latin America and Asia.[115][116]
On February 6, 2014, Columbia TriStar Warner Filmes de Portugal Ltda., a joint venture withSony Pictures which distributed both companies' films in Portugal, announced that it would close its doors on March 31, 2014.[117]NOS Audiovisuais handles distribution of Warner Bros. films in Portugal since then, while the distribution duties for Sony Pictures films in the country were taken over by Big Picture Films.
Before the Disney merger in 2019, Warner Bros. and20th Century Fox had a strategic partnership to distribute both of their films theatrically in key territories in Southeast Asia[118] and the Benelux. The earliest known joint venture of the two companies was established in 1970 inSingapore.[119] In the Benelux, Warner distributed Fox titles in the Netherlands while Fox handled distribution of Warner Bros. titles in Belgium from 2008 until 2019, when Disney took over distribution duties in July.[120][121]
In August 2022, Warner Bros. Pictures entered into a multi-year deal for distributing MGM (laterAmazon MGM Studios) films outside the United States, including on home entertainment. The contract included joint participation of both companies for marketing, advertising, publicity, film distribution, and relationship with exhibitors for future MGM titles.[128] The deal was concluded in 2025 whenSony Pictures Releasing International took over international distribution of Amazon MGM titles beginning withAfter the Hunt.[129]
As of 2025, Warner Bros. had partnerships with local distribution companies to theatrically release local language and regionally acquired films such as Singapore-basedEncore Films in Southeast Asia and India,Picturehouse Entertainment (unrelated to the previous sister studio of the same name) in theUnited Kingdom and PiperFilm inItaly.
On September 17, 2025, Warner Bros. Pictures signed a theatrical distribution deal withToho-Towa for Japan that would take effect the following year withWuthering Heights. Warner Bros.' local distribution arm will be dissolved as a result, but will continue to handle distribution for its 2026 slate of local productions.[130][131]
Gate 4, Warner Bros. Studios, looking south towards the water tower
Mergers and acquisitions have helped Warner Bros. to accumulate a diverse collection of films, cartoons and television programs. As of 2022, Warner Bros. owned more than 145,000 hours of programming, including 12,500 feature films and 2,400 television programs comprising more than 150,000 individual episodes.[132]
Mergers and acquisitions have helped Warner Bros. accumulate a diverse collection of films, cartoons and television programs. As of 2022, Warner Bros. owned more than 145,000 hours of programming, including 12,500 feature films and 2,400 television programs comprising more than tens of thousands of individual episodes.[133]
In 1986, Turner Broadcasting System acquired MGM. Finding itself in debt,Turner Entertainment kept the pre-May 1986 MGM film and television libraries and a small portion of the United Artists library (including the a.a.p. library and North American rights to theRKO Radio Pictures library) while spinning off the rest of MGM.[141]
In 1991, Turner Broadcasting System acquired animation studioHanna-Barbera and theRuby-Spears library fromGreat American Broadcasting, and years later, Turner Broadcasting System acquiredCastle Rock Entertainment on December 22, 1993,[144][145] andNew Line Cinema on January 28, 1994.[146][147] On October 10, 1996,Time Warner acquired Turner Broadcasting System, thus bringing Warner Bros.' pre-1950 library back home to the studio after 46 years. In addition, Warner Bros. owns pre-2010 libraries produced by Castle Rock Entertainment with few exceptions.
In 2008, Time Warner integrated New Line Cinema into Warner Bros. Pictures.
TheUniversity of Southern California Warner Bros. Archives is the largest single studio collection in the world. Donated in 1977 to USC's School of Cinema-Television by Warner Communications, the WBA houses departmental records that detail Warner Bros. activities from the studio's first major feature,My Four Years in Germany (1918), to its sale to Seven Arts in 1968. It presents a complete view of the production process during theGolden Age of Hollywood. UA donated pre-1950 Warner Bros. nitrate negatives to theLibrary of Congress and post-1951 negatives to theUCLA Film and Television Archive. Most of the company's legal files, scripts, and production materials were donated to theWisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research.
Christopher Nolan wrote and directed several of Warner Bros.'s most profitable films in the early 21st century. Like Eastwood, Nolan has had a long creative partnership with the studio.[149]
^"Warner, Movie Magnate, Dies: Sam Warner, Former Youngstown Man, Rose from Obscurity to Leader in Field".The Youngstown Daily Vindicator. October 5, 1927.
^Schickel, Richard; Perry, George (2008).You must remember this : the Warner Bros. story. Philadelphia, Pa.: Running Press.ISBN978-0-7624-3418-3.OCLC191926490.
^WB retained a pair of features from 1949 that they merely distributed, and all short subjects released on or after September 1, 1948; in addition to all cartoons released in August 1948
^You Must Remember This: The Warner Bros. Story (2008), p. 255.
^WB retained a pair of features from 1949 that they merely distributed, and all short subjects released on or after September 1, 1948; in addition to all cartoons released in August 1948.
^Johnson, Ted; Cox, Dan (January 15, 1997)."'ABSOLUTE POWER' (SORT OF)".Variety.Archived from the original on September 12, 2021. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2021.
^Georgiades, Andy (April 28, 2010)."Imax, Warner Bros. Sign Pact".The Wall Street Journal.Archived from the original on October 4, 2013. RetrievedSeptember 2, 2015.
^WB retained a pair of features from 1949 that they merely distributed, and all short subjects released on or after September 1, 1948; in addition to all cartoons released in August 1948
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