Walter Simonson was born September 2, 1946, inKnoxville, Tennessee, and lived there for two and a half years. When his father, who worked for theUnited States Department of Agriculture, received a promotion at work that required him to relocate toWashington, D.C., Simonson, his younger brother and his parents moved to Maryland, where Simonson's parents still lived as of 1989.[3] Simonson first read comics as a child, through the subscriptions toWalt Disney's Comics and Stories that his brother had. By the age of ten he was an avid fan of the work ofCarl Barks,[4]Little Lulu,Little Iodine, andAlex Toth's work onThe Land Unknown.[3] He also enjoyed drawing from a very young age.[4] Although Simonson was embarrassed to be seen by girls buying comics while in high school, he discoveredRuss Manning's work onMagnus Robot Fighter right before he started college, and submitted a drawing that was printed in issue #10 in May, 1965, in the publication's fan page, "Robot Gallery." This was his first published work in comics.[3]
Simonson studied geology atAmherst College, with the intent of becoming an expert on dinosaurs.[4] In 1964 or 1965, Simonson discoveredMarvel Comics, in particular that company's version ofThor.[3][4] Having already developed an interest inNorse mythology prior to discoveringStan Lee andJack Kirby's take on the hammer-wielding deity,[5] it became Simonson's favorite title, one that he read for four years.[3][4] From this he realized that drawing comics was more fun, and more feasible as a career than working outdoors in hot weather as a geologist or paleontologist, despite harboring a love for the latter that continued the rest of his life.[4][6][7] Simonson came to be heavily influenced by the artists who worked for Marvel, such asJack Kirby,Steve Ditko, andGil Kane, as well as British artistJim Holdaway and European artists such asMoebius,Jean-Claude Mézières, Antonio Hernández Palacios andSergio Toppi.[4] In 1967, while in college, Simonson began writing his own epic story starring Lee and Kirby's version of the character, featuringSurtur and theOdinsword. In later years he would be given the opportunity to publish this story, as the writer on that title.[5]
After graduating from Amherst with a degree in geology,[4] Simonson took a year off, and then enrolled as an art major at theRhode Island School of Design, graduating in 1972. His thesis project there was the 50-page black and white bookThe Star Slammers, which took him two years to write, pencil, letter and ink himself, and was initially published as a series ofashcan promotional 5.5" x 8.5" b&w chapter booklets from 1971–1973 to promote the 1974World Science Fiction Convention in Washington, D.C. (DisCon II). Simonson would later revisitStar Slammers throughout his career, publishing it through various publishers over the decades.[3][4]
In August 1972, Simonson traveled to New York with hisStar Slammers portfolio, and met with Gerry Boudreau, a friend who worked forDC Comics, where, as Simonson recalls, many young artists had begun working in the 1970s, in contrast to Marvel, which Simonson perceived as more stagnant. Boudreau arranged a meeting between Simonson and editorArchie Goodwin. After meeting with Goodwin, Simonson went to DC's coffee room, where he sawHoward Chaykin,Michael Kaluta,Berni Wrightson andAlan Weiss sitting together. Simonson struck up a conversation with the artists, who looked at his portfolio. Kaluta showed Simonson's work to Assistant Production ManagerJack Adler, who in turn showed it to DC PublisherCarmine Infantino, who after being shown the portfolio, summoned Simonson into his office. After speaking to Simonson for about ten minutes, he had Goodwin and his fellow editorsJulius Schwartz andJoe Orlando give Simonson work. Simonson walked out of Infantino's office with jobs from each one of them.[3]
At one point Simonson lived in the same Queens apartment building as artistsAllen Milgrom,Howard Chaykin andBernie Wrightson. Simonson recalls, "We'd get together at 3 a.m. They'd come up and we'd have popcorn and sit around and talk about whatever a 26, 27 and 20-year-old guys talk about. Our art, TV, you name it. I pretty much knew at the time, 'These are the good ole days.'"[8]
Simonson's first professional published comic book work was illustrating writerLen Wein's story "Cyrano's Army", which appeared in DC'sWeird War Tales #10,[3][9] which was cover-dated January 1973. Such short back-up war stories comprised most of Simonson's early published work.[10] He also did a number of illustrations for theHarry N. Abrams, Inc. edition ofThe Hobbit, and at least one unrelated print of a samurai warrior that was purchased byHarvard University'sFogg Museum, and included in its annual undergraduate-use loan program. Simonson's breakthrough illustration job was "Manhunter", a backup feature in DC'sDetective Comics written by Goodwin, which cemented Simonson's professional reputation.[3][11][12] In a 2000 interview, Simonson recalled, "What 'Manhunter' did was to establish me professionally. Before 'Manhunter,' I was one more guy doing comics; after 'Manhunter,' people in the field knew who I was. It'd won a bunch of awards the year that it ran, and after that, I really had no trouble finding work."[13] Simonson then drew other DC series such asMetal Men andHercules Unbound[14] and co-createdDoctor Phosphorus withSteve Englehart.[15]Batman #300 (June 1978) featured a story by Simonson and writerDavid Vern Reed.[16][17] In 1979 Simonson and Goodwin collaborated on an adaptation of the movieAlien, published byHeavy Metal. It was that book that Simonson began his long working relationship with lettererJohn Workman, who would go on to letter most of Simonson's work.[18][19]
In 1979 Simonson did writing and art on a book for the first time with his run on Marvel's licensedBattlestar Galactica series,[4] penciling 12 sporadic issues from issues #4 to 23 with writerRoger McKenzie. Simonson began co-writing the series with McKenzie with issue #11, co-wrote some issues withBob Layton andSteven Grant after McKenzie left the title, began writing the book himself with issue #19, staying on until issue #23.[14]
Simonson is best known for his work on Marvel Comics'Thor which he began writing and drawing with issue #337 (Nov. 1983).[25] During his run as writer/artist, Simonson used the epic story that he first began writing in college in 1967,[5] transformed Thor into afrog for three issues and introduced the supporting characterBeta Ray Bill, an alien warrior who unexpectedly proved worthy to wield Thor's hammer,Mjolnir.[26][27] He left the book as artist with issue #367 (May 1986), after whichSal Buscema took over. Simonson continued to write the book until issue #382 (Aug. 1987).[14] Buscema described Simonson's stories as "very stimulating. It was a pleasure working on his plots, because they were a lot of fun to illustrate. He had a lot of great ideas, and he tookThor in a totally new direction."[28] In late 1986 he dropped several of his assignments, includingThor, remarking that "I had a very busy season over the past six to eight months, and I'd like to take some time off, to take time maybe to take stock and refuel a bit."[29]
Simonson was to have drawn aDaredevil story written byFrank Miller but it was never completed andremains unpublished.[30] Simonson joined his wife Louise on theX-Factor series with issue #10. In #25, the creators gave the character theAngel blue skin and metal wings in a process which would lead to his being renamed as "Archangel". Their run onX-Factor included the story arcs "Mutant Massacre", "Fall of the Mutants," and "Inferno".[14]
In 1983, he returned toStar Slammers with another version of the story that Marvel published inMarvel Graphic Novel No. 6.[4]
Simonson left Upstart Associates in late 1986.[31]
Simonson became writer of theFantastic Four with issue #334 (Dec. 1989), and three issues later began penciling and inking as well (#337). For issues #347–349, he collaborated withArthur Adams, introducing the "New Fantastic Four" consisting ofWolverine,Spider-Man,Ghost Rider and theHulk.[32][33][34] In issue #345 he depicteddinosaurs with feathers, two decades before this idea gained mainstream acceptance among paleontologists. Simonson's decision to depict the dinosaurs in this manner was inspired byGregory S. Paul's then-controversial book,Predatory Dinosaurs of the World, in which Paul theorized that dinosaurs had feathers. Because this idea was met with skepticism from the scientific community at the time, Simonson decided to compromise by depicting the dinosaurs with a small amount of feathers, rather than covered with them.[35] Simonson left theFantastic Four with issue #354 (July 1991). In 1992, he wrote and illustrated the one-shotSuperman Special #1 for DC. His other Marvel credits in the decade included co-plotting/writing theIron Man 2020 one-shot (June 1994) and writing theHeroes Reborn version ofThe Avengers.[14]
In 1994 Simonson continued the adventures of theStar Slammers in a limited series as one of the founders ofMalibu Comics' short-livedBravura label.[4]
In the 2000s, Simonson mostly worked for DC Comics. From 2000 to 2002 he wrote and illustratedOrion.[36] After that series ended, he wrote six issues ofWonder Woman (vol. 2) drawn byJerry Ordway.[14] In 2002, he contributed an interview toPanel Discussions, a nonfiction book about the developing movement insequential art and narrative literature, along withDurwin Talon,Will Eisner,Mike Mignola andMark Schultz.[37]
In 2011, Simonson had a cameo role in the live-actionThor film, appearing as one of the guests at a large Asgardian banquet.[40] The sequel,Thor: The Dark World, featured Simonson's characterMalekith the Accursed.[41]
Simonson serves on the Disbursement Committee of the comic-book industry charityThe Hero Initiative.[42]
Other work in the 2010s includes drawing six issues ofThe Avengers vol. 4 in 2012 and providing the artwork for three issues ofThe Indestructible Hulk which guest starred Thor. Simonson collaborated with his wife for a short story inRocketeer Adventures vol. 2 #4 and drew covers for severalRocketeer comics during this period.[14]
In 2012 DC Comics publishedThe Judas Coin,[14] a graphic novel written and drawn by Simonson. The book shows how one silver coin paid to Judas to betray Jesus affects various characters down the centuries includingBatman.[43]
In July 2014IDW Publishing published the first issue of Simonson's creator-owned seriesRagnarök, which depicts a version of Thor unrelated to the Marvel version of the deity.[44] It ran for twelve issues until 2017 and was followed by the six-issue mini-seriesRagnarök: The Breaking of Helheim in 2019, also written and drawn by Simonson.
In 2021, Walt Simonson revisited his run as an artist onX-Factor by providing covers and artwork for a two-issue X-Factor story inX-Men Legends, written by his wife Louise Simonson who had also scripted his issues for the original series.[45]
In April 2022, Simonson and his wife Louise were reported among the more than three dozen comics creators who contributed toOperation USA's benefit anthology book,Comics for Ukraine: Sunflower Seeds, a project spearheaded byIDW Publishing Special Projects EditorScott Dunbier, whose profits would be donated to relief efforts for Ukrainian refugees resulting from the February2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[46][47] Simonson's contribution was a story featuring theStar Slammers, his first time returning to that property since the 1990s.[48]
Simonson's awards includeShazam Awards for Outstanding New Talent in 1973, for Best Individual Short Story (Dramatic) in 1973 for "The Himalayan Incident" inDetective Comics #437 (with Archie Goodwin),[49] and the same award in 1974 for "Cathedral Perilous" inDetective Comics #441 (again with Archie Goodwin). Simonson and Goodwin also won the Shazam Award for Best Individual Story (Dramatic) in 1974 for "Götterdämmerung" inDetective Comics #443.[50] All three winning stories were a part of the Manhunter saga.
A collection of Simonson'sThor comics shot from the original art, published as part of IDW'sArtist's Edition series, took the 2012Eisner Award for "Best Archival Collection/Project: Comic Books"[54] and two Harvey Awards for "Best Domestic Reprint Project and a Special Award for Excellence in Presentation".[55]
Simonson's distinctivesignature consists of his last name, distorted to resemble aBrontosaurus. Simonson's reason for this was explained in a 2006 interview. "My mom suggested a dinosaur since I was a big dinosaur fan."[58][59]
Simonson creates using theMarvel method, plotting out his storylines on a grid and then doing detailed plots for each issue. After thumbnailing the story, he writes a full script, from which he moves to full-size layouts, and then finished art.[60]
Simonson inked his own work with a Hunt 102crow quill pen.[61][62] He switched to a brush during the mid-to-late 2000s, and despite the disparity between the two tools,Bryan Hitch, an admirer of Simonson's, stated that he could not tell the difference, calling Simonson's brushwork "as typically good and powerful as his other work."[62] He has usedPelikan drawing ink for most of his career.[63]
The Art of Walter Simonson collects stories fromDetective Comics #450;1st Issue Special #9;Unknown Soldier #254–256;Star Spangled War Stories #170 and 180;Hercules Unbound #11–12; andMetal Men #45–49, 208 pages, June 1989,ISBN0930289412
^abcdefghijklMcKenzie, Marc (August 16, 2000)."Walt Simonson". The Slush Factory: The World's Coolest Comics Magazine.Archived from the original on February 21, 2015.
^abcSimonson, Walter (May 1, 2001). "Introduction",Thor Visionaries: Walt Simonson (Vol. 1), p. Marvel Comics (New York)
^Cooke, Jon B. (October 2000). "Simonson Says The Man of Two Gods Recalls His 25+ Years in Comics".Comic Book Artist (10). Raleigh, North Carolina:TwoMorrows Publishing: 18.
^Arndt, Richard J. (April 2018). ""Nice" Is the Word: A Few Words on Archie Goodwin".Back Issue! (103). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 11.
^McAvennie, Michael (2010). "1970s". In Dolan, Hannah (ed.).DC Comics Year By Year A Visual Chronicle. London, United Kingdom:Dorling Kindersley. p. 157.ISBN978-0-7566-6742-9.Together with exciting new artist Walt Simonson, [Archie] Goodwin executed seven flawless tales that chronicled Paul Kirk's hunt for the world's deadliest game." " Manhunter's award-winning revival earned undying acclaim for its talented storytellers.
^Boney, Alex (May 2013). "Hunting the Hunters: Manhunter and the Most Dangerous Game".Back Issue! (64). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing:44–50.
^Cooke, Jon B. (October 2000).Comic Book Artist #10 p. 20
^Manning, Matthew K. (2014). "1970s". In Dougall, Alastair (ed.).Batman: A Visual History. London, United Kingdom:Dorling Kindersley. p. 125.ISBN978-1465424563.Engelhart and Simonson introduced readers to Dr. Phosphorus, who earned a spot in Batman's Rogues Gallery.
^Trumbull, John (December 2013). "A New Beginning...And a Probable EndBatman #300 and #400".Back Issue! (69). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing:49–53.
^Manning "1970s" in Dougall, p. 128: "Crafted by writer David V. Reed and penciller Walter Simonson, this special 34-page issue imagined a possible future where Gotham City had become the hub of Magalopolis-East."
^Sanderson, Peter (2008). "1970s". In Gilbert, Laura (ed.).Marvel Chronicle A Year by Year History. London, United Kingdom:Dorling Kindersley. p. 178.ISBN978-0756641238.In these stories, written by Doug Moench and drawn by Walter Simonson, the Hulk contended against an invading race of aliens called the Krylorians.
^Manning, Matthew K. "1980s" in Dolan, p. 199: "The issue, written by longtimeX-Men scribe Chris Claremont and drawn by Walter Simonson [was]...one of the most well-received crossovers of its time - or of any time for that matter - the team-up was a huge success."
^Brown, Jonathan (August 2013). "The Uncanny X-Men and The New Teen Titans: The Breakfast Club of the Comics Crossover".Back Issue! (66). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing:65–68.
^DeFalco, Tom "1980s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 213: "This issue began a highly acclaimed run by writer/artist Walt Simonson that would last for nearly four years and end with issue #382 (Aug. 1987)."
^Mithra, Kuljit (August 1997)."Interview With Walt Simonson". ManWithoutFear.com.Archived from the original on March 21, 2013. RetrievedMarch 17, 2013.The gist of it is that by the time Marvel was interested in having us work on the story, Frank was off doingDark Knight and I was off doingX-Factor. So it never happened. Too bad--it was a cool story too.
^Nolen-WeathingtonModern Masters Volume Eight Walter Simonson p. 67
^Manning, Matthew K. "1990s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 252: "Spider-Man, the Hulk, Wolverine, and Ghost Rider were tricked into forming a new Fantastic Four...Written by Walter Simonson with art by Arthur Adams, this new FF found themselves locked in battle with the Mole Man."
^Cowsill, Alan (2012). "1990s". In Gilbert, Laura (ed.).Spider-Man Chronicle Celebrating 50 Years of Web-Slinging. London, United Kingdom:Dorling Kindersley. p. 186.ISBN978-0756692360.Take Spidey, Ghost Rider, Wolverine, and the Hulk, add a script by Walt Simonson and illustrations by Art Adams, and the result is one of the best Marvel comics of the decade.
^Cronin, Brian (July 3, 2015)."Comic Book Legends Revealed #530".CBR.com. Archived fromthe original on July 5, 2015.This is because Simonson...decided to be as accurate as he possibly could in the depiction of the dinosaurs in the issue. He relied heavily on Gregory Paul's book,Predator Dinosaurs of the World, which was a controversial call at the time as Paul's theories regarding dinosaurs having feathers was not yet proven and drew much skepticism from other scientists.
^Cowsill, Alan "2000s" in Dolan, p. 296 "Comic book legend Walt Simonson brought his unique vision to one of Jack Kirby's greatest heroes onOrion, the first ongoing series to feature the most prominent of the New Gods."
^Simonson, Walt (February 20, 2020)."Untitled".Facebook. Archived fromthe original on February 23, 2020. RetrievedFebruary 23, 2020.
^Nolen-Weathington, Eric; Khoury, George (2006).Modern Masters Volume 6: Arthur Adams. Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing.ISBN978-1893905542.
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