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Wakayama Prefecture

Coordinates:34°3′N135°21′E / 34.050°N 135.350°E /34.050; 135.350
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Prefecture of Japan
Prefecture in Kansai, Japan
Wakayama Prefecture
和歌山県
Japanese transcription(s)
 • Japanese和歌山県
 • RōmajiWakayama-ken
Flag of Wakayama Prefecture
Flag
Official logo of Wakayama Prefecture
Symbol
Anthem:Wakayama kenminka
Location of Wakayama Prefecture
CountryJapan
RegionKansai
IslandHonshū
CapitalWakayama (city)
SubdivisionsDistricts: 6,Municipalities: 30
Government
 • GovernorIzumi Miyazaki
Area
 • Total
4,724.69 km2 (1,824.21 sq mi)
 • Rank30th
Population
 (1 February 2025)
 • Total
876,030
 • Rank39th
 • Density185/km2 (480/sq mi)
 • Dialects
Kishū
GDP
 • TotalJP¥ 3,745 billion
US$ 34.4 billion (2019)
ISO 3166 codeJP-30
Websitewww.wakayama.lg.jp/
english/
Symbols of Japan
BirdJapanese white-eye (Zosterops japonica)
FlowerUme blossom (Prunus mume)
TreeUbameoak (Quercus phillyraeoides)

Wakayama Prefecture (和歌山県,Wakayama-ken;Japanese pronunciation:[wa.kaꜜ.ja.ma,wa.ka.ja.maꜜ.keɴ][2]) is aprefecture ofJapan located in theKansai region ofHonshu.[3]: 1026  Wakayama Prefecture has a population of 876,030 (as of 1 February 2025[update]) and a geographic area of 4,724square kilometres (1,824 sq mi). Wakayama Prefecture bordersOsaka Prefecture to the north, andMie Prefecture andNara Prefecture to the northeast.

Wakayama is the capital and largest city of Wakayama Prefecture, with other major cities includingTanabe,Hashimoto, andKinokawa.[4]: 1025  Wakayama Prefecture is located on the southwestern coast of theKii Peninsula on theKii Channel, connecting thePacific Ocean andSeto Inland Sea, across fromTokushima Prefecture on the island ofShikoku.

History

[edit]
See also:Historic Sites of Wakayama Prefecture

Present-day Wakayama is mostly the western part of the province ofKii.[5]

1953 flood disaster

[edit]
Main article:1953 Wakayama flood

On July 17–18, 1953, a torrential heavy rain occurred, followed by collapse of levees, river flooding and landslides in a wide area. Many bridges and houses were destroyed.[6][7][8] According to an officially confirmed report by theGovernment of Japan, 1,015 people died, with 5,709 injured and 7,115 houses lost.[citation needed]

Geography

[edit]
Map of Wakayama Prefecture.
     City     Town     Village

As of 31 March 2020, 13 percent of the total land area of the prefecture was designated asNatural Parks, namely theSetonaikai andYoshino-Kumano National Parks;Kongō-Ikoma-Kisen andKōya-Ryūjin Quasi-National Parks; andEnju Kaigan,Hatenashi Sanmyaku,Hikigawa,Jōgamori Hokodai,Kōyasanchō Ishimichi-Tamagawakyō,Kozagawa,Nishiarida,Oishi Kōgen,Ōtōsan,Ryūmonzan,Shiramisan-Wadagawakyō, andShirasaki Kaigan Prefectural Natural Parks.[9]

Cities

[edit]
See also:List of cities in Wakayama Prefecture by population

Nine cities are in Wakayama Prefecture:

NameArea (km2)PopulationMap
RōmajiKanji
Arida有田市36.9127,963
Gobō御坊市43.7827,483
Hashimoto橋本市130.3162,941
Iwade岩出市38.553,280
Kainan海南市101.1851,112
Kinokawa紀の川市228.2461,850
Shingū新宮市255.4326,815
Tanabe田辺市1,026.9170,410
Wakayama (capital)和歌山市210.25360,664

Towns and villages

[edit]

These are the towns and villages in eachdistrict:

NameArea (km2)PopulationDistrictTypeMap
RōmajiKanji
Aridagawa有田川町351.7726,245Arida DistrictTown
Hidaka日高町46.427,666Hidaka DistrictTown
Hidakagawa日高川町331.619,615Hidaka DistrictTown
Hirogawa広川町65.357,059Arida DistrictTown
Inami印南町113.637,949Hidaka DistrictTown
Kamitonda上富田町57.4915,047Nishimuro DistrictTown
Katsuragiかつらぎ町151.7316,686Ito DistrictTown
Kimino紀美野町128.318,989Kaisō DistrictTown
Kitayama北山村48.21432Higashimuro DistrictVillage
Kōya高野町137.083,279Ito DistrictTown
Kozagawa古座川町294.522,749Higashimuro DistrictTown
Kudoyama九度山町44.194,295Ito DistrictTown
Kushimoto串本町135.7816,243Higashimuro DistrictTown
Mihama美浜町12.797,391Hidaka DistrictTown
Minabeみなべ町120.2612,561Hidaka DistrictTown
Nachikatsuura那智勝浦町183.4517,261Higashimuro DistrictTown
Shirahama白浜町201.0423,325Nishimuro DistrictTown
Susamiすさみ町174.714,011Nishimuro DistrictTown
Taiji太地町5.963,428Higashimuro DistrictTown
Yuasa湯浅町20.811,960Arida DistrictTown
Yura由良町30.745,738Hidaka DistrictTown

Mergers

[edit]
Main article:List of mergers in Wakayama Prefecture

Demographics

[edit]
Wakayama prefecture population pyramid in 2020

Since 1996, population of Wakayama Prefecture has kept declining, and since 2010, it has been the only prefecture in Kansai region with population below 1,000,000. In 2017, Wakayama is ranked 40th by population in Japan with a population of 944,320. In the 2020 census, close to 32% of the population was over 65 years of age - the highest percentage in Japan and one of the highest for national subdivisions worldwide.[10]

Politics

[edit]
See also:1999 Wakayama gubernatorial election,2006 Wakayama gubernatorial election, and2018 Wakayama gubernatorial election

GovernorShūhei Kishimoto was elected on 27 November 2022.[11]

Prefectural assembly

[edit]
As of 17 May 2023[12]
Political partyNumber of seats
Liberal Democratic Party28
Reform Club (改新クラブ)5
Komeito3
Nippon Ishin no Kai3
Japanese Communist Party1
Independent society1
Independent1

List of governors of Wakayama

[edit]

State-appointed governors:

  • Masaomi Tsuda (津田正臣): from 25 November 1871 to 25 January 1872
  • Hidetomo Kitajima (北島秀朝): from 25 January 1872 to 13 October 1873
  • Kunikiyo Kōyama (神山郡廉): from 13 October 1873 to 20 October 1873
  • Kanae Matsumoto (松本鼎): from 20 October 1873 to 26 December 1889
  • Tadaakira Ishii (石井忠亮): from 26 December 1889 to 9 April 1891
  • Sadaaki Senda (千田貞暁): from 9 April 1891 to 15 January 1892
  • Morikata Oki (沖守固): from 15 January 1892 to 7 April 1897
  • Kan'ichi Kubota (久保田貫一): from 7 April 1897 to 8 October 1898
  • Masaaki Nomura (野村政明): from 8 October 1898 to 7 April 1899
  • Hisashi Ogura (小倉久): from 7 April 1899 to 25 October 1900
  • Shin'ichirō Tsubaki (椿蓁一郎): from 25 October 1900 to 29 June 1903
  • Ienori Kiyosu (清棲家教): from 29 June 1903 to 11 January 1907
  • Takio Izawa (伊沢多喜男): from 11 January 1907 to 30 July 1909
  • Chikaharu Kawakami (川上親晴): from 30 July 1909 to 4 September 1911
  • Takeji Kawamura (川村竹治): from 4 September 1911 to 9 June 1914
  • Kogorō Kanokogi (鹿子木小五郎): from June 1914 to 17 December 1917
  • Tokikazu Ikematsu (池松時和): from 17 December 1917 to 3 February 1920
  • Shinzō Obara (小原新三): from 3 February 1920 to 6 June 1923
  • Yoshibumi Satake (佐竹義文): from 6 June 1923 to 24 June 1924
  • Kyūichi Hasegawa (長谷川久一): from 24 June 1924 to 22 March 1927
  • Tokutarō Shimizu (清水徳太郎): from 22 March 1927 to 17 May 1927
  • Umekichi Miyawaki (宮脇梅吉): from 17 May 1927 to 17 November 1927
  • Taeru Node (野手耐): from 17 November 1927 to 5 July 1929
  • Senzō Tomobe (友部泉蔵): from 5 July 1929 to 26 August 1930
  • Toshikatsu Kurahara (蔵原敏捷): from 26 August 1930 to 18 December 1931
  • Toshiki Karasawa (唐沢俊樹): from 18 December 1931 to 28 July 1932
  • Ryōsaku Shimizu (清水良策): from 28 July 1932 to 10 November 1934
  • Nagakazu Fujioka (藤岡長和): from 10 November 1934 to 22 April 1936
  • Tokiji Yoshinaga (吉永時次): from 22 April 1936 to 11 January 1939
  • Shigeo Shimizu (清水重夫): from 11 January 1939 to 15 October 1940
  • Jirō Imamatsu (今松治): from 15 October 1940 to 20 October 1941
  • Seizō Hirose (広瀬永造): from 20 October 1941 to 1 August 1944
  • Chiaki Kobayashi (小林千秋): from 1 August 1944 to 27 October 1945
  • Uichirō Koike (小池卯一郎): from 27 October 1945 to 25 January 1946
  • Masao Kanai (金井正夫): from 25 January 1946 to 8 July 1946
  • Wakichi Kawakami (川上和吉): from 8 July 1946 to 28 February 1947
  • Yoshimaro Takahashi (高橋良麿): from 28 February 1947 to 15 April 1947

Publicly elected governors:

  • Shinji Ono (小野真次): from 19 April 1947 to 22 April 1967
  • Masao Ohashi (大橋正雄): from 23 April 1967 to 4 October 1975
  • Shiro Kariya (仮谷志良): from 23 November 1975 to 22 November 1995
  • Isamu Nishiguchi (西口勇): from 23 November 1995 to 13 July 2000
  • Yoshiki Kimura (木村良樹): from 3 September 2000 to 2 December 2006
  • Yoshinobu Nisaka (仁坂吉伸): from 17 December 2006 to 16 December 2022
  • Shūhei Kishimoto (岸本周平): from 17 December 2022 to 15 April 2025
  • Izumi Miyazaki (宮崎泉): from 15 April 2025 to present

Culture

[edit]

Mount Kōya (高野山,Kōya-san) in theIto District is the headquarters of theShingon sect ofJapanese Buddhism. It is home to one of the first Japanese styleBuddhist temples in Japan and remains apilgrimage site and an increasingly popular tourist destination as people flock to see its ancient temples set amidst the towering cedar trees at the top of the mountain. TheSacred sites and pilgrimage routes in the Kii Mountain Range extend for miles throughout the prefecture and together have been recognized as Japan's 11thUNESCO World Heritage Site.[13]

TheKumano Shrines are on the southern tip of the prefecture.Tomogashima (a cluster of four islands) is part of the prefecture.

Agriculture

[edit]

Orange

[edit]

Wakayama Prefecture ranks first in the production of oranges in Japan. Wakayama has its own brand of oranges, which is produced in Arida District and called 'Arida-Orange'. Arida District, where oranges have been produced for more than 400 years,[14] yields about half of the orange crops in Wakayama today.[15] Furthermore, the yield of Arida-Oranges accounts for about 10 percent of Japanese domestic production of oranges.[16]

Chinese flowering plum (Ume)

[edit]

According to the survey by theMinistry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan, Wakayama stands first in the production ofChinese flowering plum, orume in Japanese, in Japan. As of 2016, Wakayama made up about 70 percent of Japanese domestic production ofume.[17]

International relations

[edit]

Wakayama Prefecture has friendship and sister relationships with six places outside Japan:[18]

Tourism

[edit]

Wakayama Prefecture has hot springs such asNanki-Shirahama Onsen,Kawayu Onsen [ja], andYunomine Onsen.

Transportation

[edit]

Rail

[edit]

Road

[edit]

Expressway

[edit]
  • Hanwa Expressway
  • Keinawa Expressway
  • Nachi Katsuura Road
  • Yuasa Gobo Road

National highways

[edit]

Ferry

[edit]

Airport

[edit]

However,Kansai International Airport in neighbouringOsaka Prefecture is also used by air travellers from the prefecture which more domestic and international destinations.

Education

[edit]

Universities

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^"2020年度国民経済計算（2015年基準・2008SNA） : 経済社会総合研究所 - 内閣府".内閣府ホームページ (in Japanese). Retrieved2023-05-18.
  2. ^NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, ed. (24 May 2016).NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典 (in Japanese). NHK Publishing.
  3. ^Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Wakayama prefecture" inJapan Encyclopedia, p. 1026, p. 1026, atGoogle Books; "Kansai" inp. 477, p. 477, atGoogle Books.
  4. ^Nussbaum, "Wakayama" inp. 1025, p. 1025, atGoogle Books.
  5. ^Nussbaum, "Provinces and prefectures" inp. 780, p. 780, atGoogle Books.
  6. ^"南紀豪雨 昭和28年（1953年） ７月16日～７月25日".www.data.jma.go.jp. Retrieved2025-05-16.
  7. ^"紀州大水害 ｜日本の災害について｜携帯メール連絡網のマ・メール".メール連絡網 マ・メール (in Japanese). Retrieved2025-05-16.
  8. ^NHK."1953年 南紀豪雨｜災害｜NHKアーカイブス".1953年 南紀豪雨｜災害｜NHKアーカイブス (in Japanese). Retrieved2025-05-16.
  9. ^自然公園都道府県別面積総括 [General overview of area figures for Natural Parks by prefecture](PDF) (in Japanese).Ministry of the Environment. 31 March 2020. Retrieved23 January 2020.
  10. ^2020 population census of Japan.https://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/kokusei/2020/summary.html
  11. ^"Kishimoto Wins 1st Term as Governor of Japan's Wakayama Pref".時事通信ニュース. 28 November 2022. Retrieved26 July 2023.
  12. ^"和歌山県議会会派名簿" [List of factions in the Wakayama Prefectural Assembly](PDF).Wakayama Prefecture (in Japanese). 17 May 2023. Retrieved26 July 2023.
  13. ^UNESCO.org
  14. ^今月の旬Archived 2020-09-26 at theWayback Machine Wakayama Prefecture website, accessed May 31, 2017
  15. ^農林水産　特産品Archived 2013-06-22 at theWayback Machine Wakayama Prefecture website, accessed May 31, 2017
  16. ^有田みかんについて　JA Arida website, accessed May 31, 2017
  17. ^作況調査（果樹）：　農林水産省 The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries website, accessed June 1, 2017
  18. ^友好・姉妹提携Archived 2011-06-11 at theWayback Machine Wakayama Prefecture website, retrieved May 16, 2008

References

[edit]

External links

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toWakayama prefecture.

34°3′N135°21′E / 34.050°N 135.350°E /34.050; 135.350

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