Indian Railways operatesIndia's railway system and comes under the purview of theMinistry of Railways ofGovernment of India. Indian Railways operates more than 4000cargo and goods trains daily.[1] It hauls variety ofcargo to cater to various requirements and have specialized rolling stock corresponding to the cargo hauled. Indian Railways uses a specific wagon numbering system, adopted in 2003.[2]
Wagons are allocated 11 digit codes for identification.[2][3] The first two digits indicate thewagon type, the next two digits indicate wagon ownership, the fifth and sixth digits indicate the year of manufacture, the seventh through tenth digits indicate unique wagon number and the last digit is acheck digit.
These fifth and sixth digits indicate the last two digits of the year of manufacture. For example, a wagon manufactured in 2016 will have a code of 16.[2]
Seventh to tenth digits indicate a unique four-digit individual wagon number. This is a running serial number from 0001 to 9999 with numbers from 0001 to 0999 indicating wagons used by departments of Indian Railways and numbers 1000 to 9999 are for other traffic.[2]
The last digit is a check digit, which is calculated using a six-step algorithm as indicated below.[2][27] Let the first ten digits be represented by C1 to C10 with C1 being the first digit, C2 the second digit and so on. Step 1: Starting from the left, add all the characters in the even position.S1 = C2 + C4 + C6 + C8 + C10 Step 2: Multiply the sum by 3 to get S1 x 3 Step 3: Starting from the left, add all the Characters in the odd position.S2 = C1 + C3 + C5 + C7 + C9 Step 4: Add the sum of step 2 to the sum of step 3 to get S4 = S1 x 3 + S2 Step 5: Round this total up to the next multiple of 10. Step 6: The check digit is the number required to the added to round up to the nextmultiple of 10. If the total is already a multiple of 10, the check digit will be zero.
For example, if the first ten digits are given by3110169521 Step 1 : S1 = C2 + C4 + C6 + C8 + C10 = 1 + 0 + 6 + 5 + 1 = 13 Step 2 : S1 × 3 = 39 Step 3 : S2 = C1+ C3 + C5 + C7 + C9 = 3 + 1 + 1 + 9 + 2 = 16 Step 4 : S4= S1 × 3 + S2 = 39 + 16 = 55 Step 5 : Next 10th multiple of 55 = 60 Step 6 : Check digit = 60 - 55 = 5 Hence the eleventh digit is assigned as 5 for this particular wagon.
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