| Waalubal | |
|---|---|
| Baryulgil | |
| Wahlubal | |
| Native to | Australia |
| Region | New South Wales |
| Ethnicity | Wahlubal (Western Bundjalung) |
Pama-Nyungan
| |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | midd1357 |
| AIATSIS[1] | E16.2 Waalubal,E72 Birihn,E73 Casino language,E80 Wehlubal |
Waalubal (Wahlubal), also known asWestern Bundjalung,Baryulgil, andMiddle Clarence Bandjalang, is anAustralian Aboriginal language spoken by theWestern Bundjalung living inNorth-East New South Wales.[2]
In the Waalubal language,Wahlubal means "those who say Wahlu",Wahlu being the form of the second person nominative 'you' used in this variety. Wahlubal was spoken in theTabulam area, further downstream atBaryulgil the Wehlubal dialect was spoken,Wehlu being this dialects form ofWahlu.
To the east across the range, at Rappville along Bungawalbin creek the Birihn dialect was spoken,Birihn meaning 'southern', slightly the north was the very similar but distinct Casino dialect, known only as Bundjalung.[3]
These are all common exonyms and endonyms for the people and their languages. The generic term Bundjalung or Western bundjalung is also commonly used.[2][4]
Wahlubal is spoken along the Clarence river upstream from theYagir language.[5]
Western Bundjalung possesses a complicated set of demonstratives that make a three-way distinction, withproximal,medial, anddistal sets, there is a further distinguishing ofdemonstrative adjectives andlocation demonstratives. The adjective set can be additionally suffixed to createdemonstrative pronouns, the adjective set has three forms for "things in sight", "things hidden or not in sight" and "things not there anymore", while the location set has forms to indicate the general area and definite area, and whether in sight or not in sight.[6]
| Demonstratives | Proximal (this) | Medial (that) | Distal (that over there) |
|---|---|---|---|
| In sight (sg)* | Gala | Mala | Gila |
| In sight (plrl) | Gahnyu | Mahnyu | Gahmu |
| Not in sight (sg) | Gunah | Munah | Gahba |
| Not in sight (plrl) | Gunahmir | Munahmir | Gahbamir |
The above set can be suffixed with order 7 noun suffixes to formdemonstrative pronouns that function like ordinary independent nouns. e.g.Yanindeh galani wangahbaya! 'Take this with you!
The 'not in sight' and 'not here anymore' forms can take the order 2 noun suffix -gan to form time words. E.g.gunahgan 'recently'.
| Demonstratives | Proximal (here) | Medial (there) | Distal (over there) |
|---|---|---|---|
| In sight (definite area) | Gaji | Maji | Gah |
| In sight (general area) | Gunu | Munu | Gundeh |
| Not in sight (present) | Gayu | Mayu | Guhyu |
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) | ThisAustralian Aboriginal languages-related article is astub. You can help Wikipedia byadding missing information. |