 | |
| |
|---|---|
| Channels | |
| Branding | WLBT 3;WLBT News |
| Programming | |
| Affiliations |
|
| Ownership | |
| Owner |
|
| WDBD,WLOO | |
| History | |
First air date |
|
Former call signs | WJBT (1953–1954) |
Former channel numbers |
|
Call sign meaning | Lamar Broadcast Television (former owner) |
| Technical information[1] | |
Licensing authority | FCC |
| Facility ID | 68542 |
| ERP | 535kW |
| HAAT | 624 m (2,047 ft) |
| Transmitter coordinates | 32°12′49.9″N90°22′56.5″W / 32.213861°N 90.382361°W /32.213861; -90.382361 |
| Links | |
Public license information | |
| Website | www |
WLBT (channel 3) is atelevision station inJackson, Mississippi, United States, affiliated withNBC. It is owned byGray Media, which also operatesAmerican Spirit Media–ownedFox affiliateWDBD (channel 40) andVicksburg-licensedMyNetworkTV outletWLOO (channel 35) undershared services agreements (SSAs). WLOO'slicense is owned byTougaloo College, with American Spirit actually operating the station through a separatejoint sales agreement (JSA); in turn, Gray provides WLOO with limited engineering support. The three stations share studios on SouthJefferson Street in downtown Jackson; WLBT's transmitter is located on Thigpen Road southeast ofRaymond, Mississippi.
Originally a pro-segregationist station, in 1969, it became the first station stripped of its right to broadcast for failing to serve the public interest. It was then relaunched under different ownership, becoming a pioneer in racial equality among Southern broadcasters.[2]
The station was founded on December 19, 1953, as WJBT by the Lamar Life Insurance Company, owners of radio stationWJDX. It is Jackson's second-oldest television station, followingWJTV (channel 12), which debuted in January 1953. Channel 3 is also Mississippi's third-oldest television station (now-sister stationWTOK-TV inMeridian went on the air three months earlier). A few weeks after its debut, the station was renamed WLBT—which stands for Lamar Broadcasting Television—because the original call letters sounded similar to WJTV.
It has always been an NBC affiliate, given WJDX's affiliation with that network, though it sharedABC with WJTV untilWAPT (channel 16) started broadcasting in 1970. During the late 1950s, the station was also briefly affiliated with theNTA Film Network.[3]
The station gained notoriety for its aggressive support of racial segregation in Mississippi in the 1950s and 1960s. Lamar had close ties to the state's white political and business elite and with segregationist groups, such as theWhite Citizens' Council. Indeed, a number of station executives, including general manager Fred Beard, were Citizens' Council members. It went as far as to coordinate opposition to civil rights with these groups.[2] For instance, the station allowed the WCC to operate a bookstore in the lobby of its studios in downtown Jackson.[4] Station manager Fred Beard editorialized on the air against the admission ofJames Meredith to theUniversity of Mississippi in 1962, arguing that states should determine who should and should not be allowed to attend their schools.[5]
For the most part, the station ignored theCivil Rights Movement,blacking out coverage of it fromNBC News programming (and often falsely claiming that the interruptions were the result of technical difficulties), and providing a platform on its local newscasts and public affairs programs for individuals advocating resistance to efforts by the federal government to integrate public schools and allowAfrican-Americans to vote. It also preempted NBC programs that even mildly referred to racial justice or featured African-American actors prominently.[4] In 1955, when civil rights lawyerThurgood Marshall—later appointed to theU.S. Supreme Court—appeared onThe Today Show, WLBT interrupted the interview, putting up a sign that said, "Sorry, Cable Trouble."[6] Beard later declared he had pulled the interview, saying that television networks had become instruments of "Negro propaganda".[5]
Owners and staffers at several other television stations in the South did not like network coverage of the Civil Rights Movement, includingWBRC-TV inBirmingham, Alabama,WRAL-TV inRaleigh, North Carolina, and WUSN-TV (nowWCBD-TV) inCharleston, South Carolina. Although some Southern stations severed their ties with their networks in order to prevent being forced to air coverage of the movement (WRAL and WUSN both switched from NBC to ABC in 1962), WLBT kept its affiliation with NBC, even though that network historically had an extremely low tolerance towards local preemptions at the time.[4] Indeed, many NBC stars, likeBonanza'sMichael Landon andPernell Roberts, were speaking out on behalf of civil rights. This was largely because WLBT's only competition was CBS affiliate WJTV, a situation that lasted until 1970, when the market picked up a full-time ABC affiliate in WAPT.
Over the years, NBC—along with civil rights groups and the work of Rev.Everett Parker of theUnited Church of Christ (UCC)—sent numerous petitions to theFederal Communications Commission (FCC) to complain of WLBT's flagrant bias.[5][6] The FCC issued several warnings to Lamar, but these went unheeded. Finally, in 1964, Rev. Parker and the UCC's Office of Communication formally petitioned the FCC to revoke WLBT's license. The FCC ruled that the petitioners had no standing because they had no economic interest in the station or were not subject to electronic interference from WLBT's signal. The UCC appealed to theUnited States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia. In 1966, the court, in an opinion byWarren Burger, later to becomeChief Justice of the United States, ruled that the public had the right to take part in FCC hearings in order to protect the public interest.[5]
By this time, WLBT had taken a few steps to change its segregationist image. It had fired Beard, hired some black announcers and began airing black church services.[5] At a new hearing held in 1967, the FCC again ruled in favor of Lamar. The UCC again appealed to the Appeals Court, which found Lamar's record to be beyond repair and ordered the FCC to revoke Lamar's license in 1969. Lamar appealed, but lost in 1971.[7] To this day, WLBT remains one of only two television stations that has ever lost its license for violating FCC regulations on fairness. The other station, WJIM-TV (nowWLNS-TV) inLansing, Michigan, had its license reinstated on appeal.
While hearings were held for a permanent licensee, WLBT's license was transferred to Communications Improvement, Inc.—anintegrated, non-profit group that promised to make the station a beacon of tolerance. A new group of managers, including some of the first African American television executives in the South, recreated the station as a far more neutral news source. However, it retained the WLBT callsign and claimed the original station's history as its own. It retained the NBC affiliation and most of its employees, and also donated revenue to charities.[8][4]
In 1973, the FCC was asked to revoke WLBT's broadcast license because the station's largest shareholder, William Mounger, also served as aJackson Academy Vice President.[9] The FCC filing stated that, since Mounger was affiliated with asegregation academy, he was not fit to hold a broadcast license.[9][10] In 1974, the FCC rejected the complaint on the grounds that the complaint was untimely since the evidence of Mounger's association with the school and the school's discriminatory practices was available from at least 1969.[11]
WLBT was one of the first television stations in the South to devote a significant block of airtime and dedicated personnel to the production of local investigative, documentary-style news—these blocks typically aired during off-network hours.Probe was a 30-minute program that aired weekly. It garnered numerous awards, including aGeorge Foster Peabody award in 1976 for a segment called "Power Politics in Mississippi".[12]
As the hearings dragged out through the 1970s, the five competing groups concluded that nothing was to be gained from further proceedings. They merged as TV-3, Inc., a consortium with Blacks holding controlling interest and headed by a majority-Black board. The merged group was awarded the license in late 1979,[5] and took control of the station on January 9, 1980. In 1984, Civic Communications, one of the five groups that won the full license, bought out its partners and became sole owner of the station.Frank Melton, who later became mayor of Jackson, became CEO.
From 1982 to 1991, the station operated a low-power satellite in Meridian, Mississippi, WLBM; that station is now a stand-alone station,WGBC.
In 2000, Melton sold the station toLiberty Corporation. Even with the station's growth over the last two decades (see below), the growing trend toward consolidation in the media industry made it difficult for Melton to buy stronger syndicated programming or sell advertising.[5] Liberty in turn merged withRaycom Media in 2006.
On June 25, 2018,Atlanta-basedGray Television announced it had reached an agreement with Raycom to merge their respective broadcasting assets (consisting of Raycom's 63 existing owned-and/or-operated television stations, including WLBT, WDBD and WLOO), and Gray's 93 television stations) under Gray's corporate umbrella. The cash-and-stock merger transaction valued at $3.6 billion – in which Gray shareholders would acquire preferred stock currently held by Raycom – resulted in WLBT gaining newsister stations in nearby markets, including CBS/ABC affiliateKNOE-TV inMonroe, Louisiana, and ABC affiliate WTOK-TV in Meridian. The combined company would be in every Mississippi market except for Greenville and Columbus–Tupelo as a result.[13][14][15][16] The sale was approved on December 20,[17] and was completed on January 2, 2019.[18]
On October 23, 1997, threeCanadian men from Canada's LeBlanc & Royal were preparing to replace the guy wires of WLBT's 1,999-foot (609 m) transmission tower near Raymond when the tower collapsed, killing them. The workers were at the 1,500-foot (457 m) level and held on to the tower as it fell.[19]
The tower's collapse knocked WLBT and the localPBS/Mississippi ETV Network station WMPN off the air for several hours. WLBT was able to resume broadcasting on a 100-foot (30 m) secondary tower, which only reached about half of its normal viewing area until a new 2,000-foot (610 m) tower was completed in 1999.
The 1,999-foot tower was actually the second WLBT transmission tower to fall at their Raymond site. WLBT's original transmission tower collapsed on March 3, 1966, when theCandlestick Park Tornado, one of only two F5 tornadoes in Mississippi's history, struck the tower and transmitter building.[20] WLBT engineers salvaged what they could of the transmitter and operated on the same stand by tower as it would operate with later after the second tower collapse. When the replacement tower was completed later in 1966, the new tower was one of the tallest structures east of the Mississippi River and was in service until the second collapse in 1997.
There were two noteworthy preemptions made by WLBT after the start of its 1971 license. One was the miniseriesFreedom Road (which was filmed in nearbyNatchez)[21] and another was the short-lived animated sitcomGod, the Devil and Bob.[22] The latter was mostly preempted due to the controversy it stirred within the religious community.[23][24][25][26]
On December 30, 2023, WLBT parent company Gray Television announced it had reached an agreement with theNew Orleans Pelicans to air 10 games on the station during the2023–24 season.[27]
On September 17, 2024, Gray and the Pelicans announced a broader deal to form the Gulf Coast Sports & Entertainment Network, which will broadcast nearly all 2024–25 Pelicans games on Gray's stations in theGulf South, including WLBT.[28]
For most of the last 30 years, WLBT has been the dominant news station in Jackson. It currently has the market's only helicopter used for breaking news gathering and traffic reports. The station launched a weekday afternoon 4 p.m. newscast in March 2008; this was the first of its kind in Jackson. In October 2010, WLBT began broadcasting its local newscasts in high definition becoming the second television outlet in the area to make the upgrade.
After American Spirit Media completed its acquisition of WDBD and entered into the shared services agreement with WLBT, the Fox station's news department was shut down resulting in several members of the WDBD staff being laid-off. Production of its newscasts was assumed by WLBT on November 12, 2012, with all of the news programming retained (except for the 10 p.m. show on WUFX, now WLOO, since it would compete with WLBT). In addition, WDBD added Saturday and Sunday editions of its prime time broadcast at 9.
All newscasts on WDBD currently originate from WLBT's primary set at the South Jefferson Street studios except with separate on-airduratrans and graphics indicating the Fox-branded newscasts. Although it shares a majority of on-air personnel with WLBT, WDBD maintains a separate additional news anchor for the weekday morning and weeknight shows. WLBT and WDBD operate a combined news department under theMississippi News Now branding very similar to Raycom partnerships inTucson, Arizona (withTegna-ownedKMSB) andToledo, Ohio (withWUPW; those stations are no longer sisters of WLBT).[29][30]
The station's signal ismultiplexed:
| Channel | Res. | Aspect | Short name | Programming |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.1 | 1080i | 16:9 | WLBT-DT | NBC |
| 3.2 | 480i | Bounce | Bounce TV | |
| 3.3 | GCSEN | Gulf Coast SEN | ||
| 3.4 | Laff | Laff | ||
| 3.5 | Mystery | Ion Mystery | ||
| 3.6 | Dabl | Dabl | ||
| 3.7 | The365 | The365 |
WLBT shut down its analog signal, overVHF channel 3, on June 12, 2009, as part of thefederally mandated transition from analog to digital television.[32][33] The station's digital signal relocated its pre-transition to VHF channel 7,[34] usingvirtual channel 3.
On January 14, 2010, WLBT moved to UHF channel 30, because of viewers having difficulty receiving their signal on VHF channel 7.[35][36] Some stations solved the problem with the power increase, but WLBT could not due to potential interference to another station.[37] The former channel 7 transmitter was later moved to its sister station inLaurel–Hattiesburg,WDAM-TV.
Broadcast television stations by affiliation in the state ofMississippi | ||
|---|---|---|
Includes stations in out-of-state TV markets, but reaching a portion of Mississippi | ||
| ABC | ||
| CBS | ||
| Fox | ||
| NBC | ||
| The CW | ||
| Ion Television | ||
| Independent | ||
| PBS | ||
| Religious | ||
| Other | ||
| ||
Broadcast television stations by affiliation in the state ofLouisiana | ||
|---|---|---|
Includes stations in out-of-state TV markets, but reaching a portion of Louisiana | ||
| ABC | ||
| CBS | ||
| Fox | ||
| NBC | ||
| The CW | ||
| Ion Television | ||
| Independent | ||
| PBS | ||
| Religious | ||
| Other | ||
| ATSC 3.0 | ||
| ||
