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Vostok-L

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1960s Soviet rocket

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Vostok-L (8K72)
Size
Vostok-L rocket
Function	Small-lift launch vehicle
Manufacturer	OKB-1
Country of origin	Soviet Union
Height	30.84 m (101.2 ft)^[1]
Diameter	2.6 m (8 ft 6 in)^[1]
Stages	3
Capacity
Payload toLEO
Mass	4,550 kg (10,030 lb)

Associated rockets
Family	R-7
Derivative work	Vostok-K
Launch history
Status	Retired
Launch sites	Baikonur,Site 1/5
Total launches	4
Success(es)	3
Failure	1
First flight	15 May 1960
Last flight	1 December 1960
Carries passengers or cargo	Korabl-Sputnik

Boosters (First stage) – Block B, V, G & D^[a]
No. boosters	4
Powered by	1 × RD-107-8D74
Maximum thrust	970 kN (220,000 lb_f)
Total thrust	3,880 kN (870,000 lb_f)
Burn time	120 seconds
Propellant	LOX / RP-1
Second stage (core) – Block A
Powered by	1 × RD-108-8D75
Maximum thrust	912 kN (205,000 lb_f)
Burn time	310 seconds
Propellant	LOX / RP-1
Third stage
Powered by	1 × RD-0105
Maximum thrust	49.42 kN (11,110 lb_f)
Burn time	390 seconds
Propellant	LOX / RP-1

[edit on Wikidata]

Vostok‑L (Russian:Восток,lit. 'East',GRAU index:8K72) was a rocket used by theSoviet Union to conduct several early tests of theVostok spacecraft.

It was derived from theLuna rocket, with a slightly enlarged third stage to accommodate the larger payload.^[2] and was a member of theVostok family of rockets.

Launches

[edit]

Four launches were conducted between 15 May and 1 December 1960, fromBaikonur LC-1/5, three of which successfully reached orbit.^[3]

The first flight, on 15 May 1960, carried theKorabl-Sputnik 1 spacecraft. The second launched on 28 July, however one of the booster engines exploded during launch, causing the booster to separate prematurely, 19 seconds after launch. The rocket broke up 30 seconds after liftoff, killing the two dogs that were aboard the spacecraft.^[2] The third flight successfully placedKorabl-Sputnik 2 into orbit on 19 August, whilst the fourth and final flight orbitedKorabl-Sputnik 3 on 1 December.

Serial No.	Date	Payload	Result
L1-11	15 May 1960	Korabl-Sputnik 1	Success
L1-10	28 July 1960	Korabl-Sputnik (2)	Failure
L1-12	19 August 1960	Korabl-Sputnik 2	Success
L1-13	1 December 1960	Korabl-Sputnik 3	Success

The Vostok-L was replaced by an uprated version, theVostok-K, which offered a greater payload capacity.

Notes

[edit]

^This is a transliteration of the second through fifth letters of the Cyrillic alphabet (Б, В, Г, Д). Asense-for-sense translation would correspond to the second through fifth letters of the Latin alphabet, 'Block B, C, D & E'.

References

[edit]

^^a ^b"Vostok-L 8K72".www.astronautix.com. Retrieved10 May 2025.
^^a ^bWade, Mark."Soyuz". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived fromthe original on 7 January 2010. Retrieved15 April 2009.
^"Vostok".Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved22 October 2023.

v t e Soviet andRussian launch vehicles
Active	Angara 1.2 A5 Soyuz-2 2.1a 2.1b UR Proton-M
In development	Amur Irtysh Yenisei
Retired	Dnepr Energia Kosmos 1 2I 3 3M N1 R-7 Luna Molniya M L Polyot Soyuz original L M U U2 FG 2.1v Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok L K 2 2M R-29 Shtil' Volna Start-1 Tsyklon original 2 3 UR UR-500 Proton-K Rokot Strela Zenit 2 2M 3SL 3SLB 3F
Cancelled (no launch attempts)	Tsyklon-4 Proton Light Medium

v t e Orbital launch systems
List of orbital launch systems Comparison of orbital launch systems
Current	Angara 1.2 A5 Ariane 6 Atlas V Ceres 1 1S Chollima-1 Electron Eris^† Falcon 9 Block 5 Falcon Heavy Firefly Alpha Gravity-1 GSLV H3 HANBIT-NANO^† Hyperbola-1 Jielong 1 3 KAIROS^† Kaituozhe 2 Kinetica 1 Kuaizhou 1 1A 11 Long March 2C 2D 2F 3A 3B/E 3C 4B 4C 5 5B 6 6A 6C 7 7A 8 11 11H 12 12A LVM3 Minotaur I IV V C New Glenn Nuri OS-M1^† Pegasus XL Proton-M PSLV Qaem 100 Qased Shavit 2 Simorgh SLS Block 1 Soyuz-2 2.1a / STA 2.1b / STB Spectrum^† SSLV Starship Tianlong-2 Unha Vega C Vulcan Centaur Zhuque 2E 3
In development	Antares 330 Bloostar Blue Whale 1 Ceres-2 Cyclone-4M Deca Eclipse Epsilon S Gravity-2 Hyperbola-2 Irtysh Kinetica 2 2H 3 KSLV-III Kuaizhou 21 31 Long March 9 10 Miura 5 Neutron New Line 1 NGLV Nova OS-M 2 4 Orbex Prime Pallas-1 Red Dwarf RFA One SLS Block 1B Block 2 Soyuz-7 Terran R Tianlong-3 VLM Vega E Zero Zuljanah
Retired	Antares 110 120 130^† 230 230+ Ariane 1 2 3 4 5 ASLV Athena I II Atlas B D E/F G H I II III LV-3B SLV-3 Able^† Agena Centaur Black Arrow Conestoga^† Delta A B C D E G J L M N 0100 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 II III IV IV Heavy Diamant Dnepr Energia Epsilon Europa I^† II^† Falcon 1 Falcon 9 v1.0 v1.1 v1.2 "Full Thrust" Feng Bao 1 GSLV Mk I H-I H-II H-IIA H-IIB Juno I Juno II Kaituozhe-1 Kosmos original 1 2/2I 3 3M Lambda 4S LauncherOne Long March 1 1D^† 2A 2E 3 3B 4A Mu 4S 3C 3H 3S 3SII V N1^† N-I N-II Naro-1 Paektusan^† Pilot-2^† R-7 Luna Molniya M L Polyot Soyuz original FG L M U U2 2-1v Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok L K 2 2M R-29 Shtil' Volna^† Rocket 3 RS1^† Safir 1 1A 1B Saturn I IB V Scout X-1 Blue Scout II^† X-2^† X-2M X-3 X-3M X-4 X-2B^† B A B-1 D-1 A-1 E-1 F-1 G-1 Shavit original 1 SLV Space Shuttle SPARK^† Sparta SS-520 Start-1 Terran 1^† Thor Able Ablestar 1 2 Agena A B D Burner 1 2 Delta DSV-2U Thorad-Agena SLV-2G SLV-2H Titan II GLV IIIA IIIB IIIC IIID IIIE 34D 23G CT-3 IV Tsyklon R-36-O original 2 3 Universal Rocket UR-500 Proton Proton-K Rokot Strela Vanguard Vega original VLS-1^† Zenit 2 2M 2FG 3SL 3SLB 3F Zhuque 1^† 2
Classes	Sounding rocket Small-lift launch vehicle Medium-lift launch vehicle Heavy-lift launch vehicle Super heavy-lift launch vehicle
This template lists historical, current, and future space rockets that at least once attempted (but not necessarily succeeded in) an orbital launch or that are planned to attempt such a launch in the future Symbol^† indicates past or current rockets that attempted orbital launches but never succeeded (never did or has yet to perform a successful orbital launch)

R-7 rockets

Missiles

Launch systems

Sputnik Polyot Voskhod
Vostok	Luna Vostok-L Vostok-K Vostok-2 Vostok-2M
Molniya	Molniya Molniya-M
Soyuz	Soyuz/Vostok Soyuz Soyuz-L Soyuz-M Soyuz-U U2 Soyuz-FG
Soyuz 2	Soyuz 2.1a / 2.1b ST-A / ST-B Soyuz 2.1v

Launch sites

Launches

Engines