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Voiced labial–retroflex nasal

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Consonantal sound
Voiced labial–retroflex nasal
ɳ͡m

Avoiced labial–retroflex nasal is a type ofconsonantal sound used in theYele language. It is a[ɳ] and[m] pronounced simultaneously. The symbol in theInternational Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɳ͡m⟩.Para-IPA ⟨ṇ͡m⟩ is also seen.

Features

[edit]

Features of a voiceless labial–retroflex plosive are:

  • Itsphonation is un-voiced, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.
  • It is anasal consonant, which means air is exclusively allowed to escape through the nose for nasal stops; otherwise, in addition to through the mouth.
  • It is acentral consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
  • Itsairstream mechanism ispulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air only with theintercostal muscles andabdominal muscles, as in most sounds.

Occurrence

[edit]
LanguageWordIPAMeaningNotes
Yele[1][2]nmó[ɳ͡mo]"we"Contrastsvoiced labial–alveolar nasal andvoiced labial–velar nasal.

References

[edit]
  1. ^Levinson, Stephen C. (23 May 2022).A Grammar of Yélî Dnye: The Papuan Language of Rossel Island(PDF). De Gruyter.doi:10.1515/9783110733853.ISBN 978-3-11-073385-3.S2CID 249083265. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2023-10-05. Retrieved16 January 2023.
  2. ^Ladefoged, Peter;Maddieson, Ian (1996).The Sounds of the World's Languages. Oxford: Blackwell. pp. 342–350.ISBN 0-631-19815-6.
IPA topics
IPA
Special topics
Encodings
Pulmonic consonants
PlaceLabialCoronalDorsalLaryngeal
MannerBi­labialLabio­dentalLinguo­labialDentalAlveolarPost­alveolarRetro­flexPalatalVelarUvularPharyn­geal/epi­glottalGlottal
Nasalmɱ̊ɱn̪̊nn̠̊ɳ̊ɳɲ̊ɲŋ̊ŋɴ̥ɴ
Plosivepbtdʈɖcɟkɡqɢʡʔ
Sibilantaffricatet̪s̪d̪z̪tsdzt̠ʃd̠ʒ
Non-sibilant affricatep̪fb̪vt̪θd̪ðtɹ̝̊dɹ̝t̠ɹ̠̊˔d̠ɹ̠˔ɟʝkxɡɣɢʁʡʜʡʢʔh
Sibilantfricativeszʃʒʂʐɕʑ
Non-sibilant fricativeɸβfvθ̼ð̼θðθ̠ð̠ɹ̠̊˔ɹ̠˔ɻ̊˔ɻ˔çʝxɣχʁħʕhɦ
Approximantβ̞ʋð̞ɹɹ̠ɻjɰ˷
Tap/flapⱱ̟ɾ̼ɾ̥ɾɽ̊ɽɢ̆ʡ̮
Trillʙ̥ʙrɽ̊r̥ɽrʀ̥ʀʜʢ
Lateral affricatetꞎd𝼅c𝼆ɟʎ̝k𝼄ɡʟ̝
Lateral fricativeɬ̪ɬɮ𝼅𝼆ʎ̝𝼄ʟ̝
Lateral approximantlɭ̊ɭʎ̥ʎʟ̥ʟʟ̠
Lateral tap/flapɺ̥ɺ𝼈̊𝼈ʎ̮ʟ̆

Symbols to the right in a cell arevoiced, to the left arevoiceless.Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

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