Vlajka Vlajka | |
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| Leader | Jan Rys-Rozsévač |
| Founder | Miloš Maixner |
| Founded | 1928 (1928) |
| Banned | 1942 (1942) |
| Newspaper | Vlajka,Arijský boj[1] |
| Paramilitary wing | Svatopluk's Guard |
| Ideology | Czech nationalism Monarchism Nazism Fascism |
| Political position | Far-right |
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Český národně socialistický tábor — Vlajka (Czech National Socialist Camp — The Flag) was aCzechfascist,antisemitic andnationalistmovement. Vlajka's eponymous newspaper was founded in 1928, its first editor beingMiloš Maixner. During the time of German occupation, the organisationcollaborated with the Nazis for which it was banned and its members were punished after the liberation.
The movement became politically active in the 1930s in the period of theGreat Depression, but never gainedpopularity as there were more established fascist parties in Czechoslovakia, such as theNOF, which even gained some seats in Parliament.
During theSecond Czechoslovak Republic, the organization planned bomb attacks against Jewish organizations in revenge for the supposed dominance of Jews in the economy, and theBeran government's supposed willingness to allow Jews to transfer their property abroad. The first bombing, against the synagogue inHradec Králové, was in January 1939. These attacks continued even after the March 1939 German occupation, because Vlajka was disappointed with their lack of prominence in theProtectorate of Bohemia and Moravia and felt that anti-Jewish policies were not severe enough. The only deaths in these attacks were Vlajka members (two were killed due to inept handling of explosives), but property damage was significant.[2]
After theGerman occupation the organisation closely collaborated with the Nazi police institutions, such as theGestapo andSicherheitsdienst in order to eliminatecommunists,Jews and people closely connected with theprevious Czechoslovakestablishment. For that the organisation's existence was tolerated by Germans until 1942, even though there was only one officially permitted Czech political organisation, theNational Partnership. The Vlajka became politically unacceptable after another traitor,Emanuel Moravec, was appointed theMinister of Education in the government ofProtectorate in January 1942. He was often and openly criticized and fiercely denounced by Vlajka members for being a formerlegionary, an officer of theCzechoslovak Army and analleged Freemason. At the end of 1942, Vlajka was disbanded and some of its leaders, includingJan Rys-Rozsévač, were held in theDachau concentration camp as privileged prisoners.
Though the party no longer existed, its former members continued to collaborate with the Gestapo and SD. Towards the end of the war they even formed the so calledVoluntary Company of St. Wenceslaus, the onlyWaffen-SS unit composed of volunteers of Czech ethnicity (which nevertheless was never involved in any fight).
After the war, the leaders of Vlajka were subject to punishment of 5–20 years of imprisonment according toBeneš decreeNo. 16/1945 Coll.; mere membership was punishable by up to 1 year of imprisonment according to decreeNo. 138/1945 Coll. Four leaders of Vlajka and many other Vlajka members who caused the death of people through denunciation, wereexecuted.
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