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Visa requirements for Moldovan citizens

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Administrative entry restrictions
AMoldovan passport

Visa requirements for Moldovan citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens ofMoldova by the authorities of other states.

As of 2025, Moldovan citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 122 countries and territories, ranking theMoldovan passport 43th in the world according to theHenley Passport Index.[1]

On 28 April 2014 Moldovan citizens were granted visa-free entry to 29Schengen Area countries as well asCyprus, countries that are applying the Schengen policy and alsoMonaco,San Marino,Andorra andVatican City, countries that have no immigration control.[2] Visa waiver applies only to holders ofbiometric passports.[3]

Moldovan citizens in other countries also can benefit from themobility rights arrangements within the Commonwealth of Independent States.

Visa requirements map

[edit]
Visa requirements for Moldovan citizens holding ordinary passports
  Moldova
  Unlimited
  Visa not required
  Visa issued upon arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required

Visa requirements

[edit]
CountryVisa requirementAllowed stayNotes (excluding departure fees)
AfghanistanVisa required[4]
AlbaniaVisa not required[5]90 days
  • 90 days within any 6 month period.
AlgeriaVisa required[6]
AndorraVisa not required[7]
AngolaeVisa[8][9]
Antigua and BarbudaVisa not required[10]1 month
ArgentinaVisa required[11]
  • The AVE (High Speed Travel) is open to Moldovan citizens holding valid, current ordinary passports traveling to Argentina for tourism. To do so, they must hold a valid category B2/J/B1/O/P (P1-P2-P3)/E/H-1B visa issued by the United States of America.[12]
ArmeniaVisa not required[13]
AustraliaOnline visa required[14][15]
  • Online Visitor e600 visa.
AustriaVisa not required[16]90 days
AzerbaijanVisa not required[19]90 days
  • If staying more than 10 days passengers visiting relatives must register with local police. If staying in a hotel, this will be arranged by the hotel.
  • Azerbaijan bans the entry of people who are of Armenian descent.
BahamasVisa not required[20]3 months
BahraineVisa / Visa on arrival[21]14 days
BangladeshVisa on arrival[22]30 days
BarbadosVisa not required[23]28 days
BelarusVisa not required[24]
BelgiumVisa not required[25]90 days
BelizeVisa required[26]
BenineVisa[27][28]30 days
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
BhutaneVisa[29][30]
BoliviaOnline Visa / Visa on arrival[31][32]30 days
Bosnia and HerzegovinaVisa not required[33]90 days
  • 90 days within any 6 month period.
BotswanaeVisa[34][35]3 months
BrazilVisa not required[36]90 days
BruneiVisa required[37]
BulgariaVisa not required[38]90 days
Burkina FasoeVisa[39][40]
BurundiVisa on arrival[41]1 month
CambodiaeVisa / Visa on arrival[42][43]30 days
CamerooneVisa[44][45]
CanadaVisa required[46]
Cape VerdeVisa on arrival[47]
Central African RepublicVisa required[48]
ChadeVisa[49][50][51]
ChileVisa not required[52]90 days
ChinaVisa required[53]
  • Visa not required for 30 days for travelling as part of an accredited tour group.
ColombiaVisa not required[54]90 days
ComorosVisa on arrival[55]45 days
Republic of the CongoeVisa[56][57]
Democratic Republic of the CongoeVisa[58][59]7 days
Costa RicaVisa required[60]
Côte d'IvoireeVisa[61][62]3 months
CroatiaVisa not required[63]90 days
CubaeVisa / Tourist card[64][65]90 days
  • Can be extended up to 90 days with a fee.
CyprusVisa not required[Note 1][66]90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period.[17][18]
Czech RepublicVisa not required[67]90 days
DenmarkVisa not required[68]90 days
DjiboutieVisa[69][70]90 days
DominicaVisa not required[71]21 days
Dominican RepublicVisa required[72]
EcuadorVisa not required[73]90 days
EgypteVisa[74][75]30 days
El SalvadorVisa required[76]
Equatorial GuineaeVisa[77][78]
EritreaVisa required[79]
EstoniaVisa not required[80]90 days
EswatiniVisa required[81]
EthiopiaeVisa[82][83]up to 90 days
FijiVisa not required[84]4 months
FinlandVisa not required[85]90 days
FranceVisa not required[86]90 days
GaboneVisa[87][88]
GambiaVisa required[89]
  • In addition to a visa, an entry clearance must be obtained from the Gambian Immigration prior to travel.[90]
GeorgiaVisa not required[91]365 days
GermanyVisa not required[92]90 days
GhanaVisa required[93]
GreeceVisa not required[94]90 days
GrenadaVisa on arrival[95]3 months
GuatemalaVisa required[96]
GuineaeVisa[97][98]90 days
Guinea-BissauVisa on arrival[99]90 days
GuyanaVisa required[100]
HaitiVisa not required[101]3 months
HondurasVisa required[102]
HungaryVisa not required[103]90 days
IcelandVisa not required[104]90 days
IndiaeVisa[105][106]30 days
IndonesiaVisa required[107]
IraneVisa[108][109]30 days
IraqeVisa[110][111]
IrelandVisa required[112]
IsraelVisa not required[113]90 days
  • Biometric passport holders only. ETA-IL required.[114]
ItalyVisa not required[115]90 days
JamaicaVisa on arrival[116]
JapanVisa required[117]
JordaneVisa / Visa on arrival[118][119]
  • Visa can be obtained upon arrival, it will cost a total of 40 JOD, obtainable at most international ports of entry and land border crossings. (exceptKing Hussein/Allenby Bridge)
KazakhstanVisa not required[120]90 days
KenyaElectronic Travel Authorisation[121][122]90 days
  • Applications can be submitted up to 90 days prior to travel and must be submitted at least 3 days in advance.
  • eTA fee isUSD 32.50.
  • Proof of reservation at the hotel where visitors plan to stay is required (if staying with friends, an invitation letter is also acceptable).
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.
  • Can also be entered on an East Africa Tourist Visa issued by Kenya or Rwanda.[123]
KiribatiVisa required[124]
North KoreaVisa required[125]
South KoreaVisa required[126]
KuwaitVisa required[127]
KyrgyzstanVisa not required[128]
LaoseVisa / Visa on arrival[129]30 days
LatviaVisa not required[131]90 days
LebanonFree visa on arrival[132]1 month
  • Extendable for 2 additional months.
  • Granted free of charge atBeirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non refundable return or circle trip ticket.
LesothoeVisa[133]
LiberiaeVisa[134][135][136]
LibyaeVisa[137][138]
LiechtensteinVisa not required[139]90 days
LithuaniaVisa not required[140]90 days
LuxembourgVisa not required[141]90 days
MadagascareVisa / Visa on arrival[142][143]60 days
MalawieVisa / Visa on arrival[144][145]90 days
MalaysiaVisa not required[146]30 days
MaldivesFree visa on arrival[147]30 days
MaliVisa required[148]
MaltaVisa not required[149]90 days
Marshall IslandsVisa required[150]
MauritaniaeVisa[151][152]30 days
MauritiusVisa on arrival[153]60 days
MexicoVisa required[154]
MicronesiaVisa not required[155]30 days
MonacoVisa not required[156]
MongoliaeVisa[157][158]30 days
MontenegroVisa not required[159]90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period.
MoroccoVisa required[160]
MozambiqueeVisa / Visa on arrival[162][163]30 days
MyanmarVisa required[164]
NamibiaVisa on arrival[165]3 months
  • Effective from 1 April 2025, Moldovan citizens must apply for a visa on arrival from one of the following points of entry.[166]
  • Hosea Kutako International Airport, Walvis Bay International Airport, Oshikango Border Post, Trans-Kalahari Border Post, Oranjemund Border Post, Noordover Border Post, Katima Mulilo Border Post, Impalila Island Border Post, Ngoma Border Post and Mohembo Border Post.[166]
NauruVisa required[167]
  NepalOnline Visa / Visa on arrival[168][169]90 days
NetherlandsVisa not required[170]90 days
New ZealandVisa required[171]
  • Diplomatic, service and standard passports with theformer USSR symbol issued in Moldova are unacceptable, and visas will not be endorsed in them.[172]
  • Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to theTrans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining anElectronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[173]
NicaraguaVisa on arrival[174]90 days
NigerVisa required[175]
NigeriaeVisa[176][177]90 days
North MacedoniaVisa not required[178]90 days
NorwayVisa not required[179]90 days
OmanVisa not required / eVisa[180][181]14 days / 30 days
PakistaneVisa[182]90 days
PalauFree visa on arrival[183]30 days
PanamaVisa not required[184]90 days
Papua New GuineaeVisa[185][186]60 days
  • Visitors may apply for a visa online under the "Tourist - Own Itinerary" category.
ParaguayVisa required[187]
PeruVisa not required[188]183 days
PhilippinesVisa required[189]
  • Residents of theUnited Arab Emirates may obtain an eVisa through the official Philippine eVisa website. A valid Emirati residence visa must be shown upon an eVisa application.[190][191]
PolandVisa not required[192]90 days
PortugalVisa not required[193]90 days
QatarVisa not required[194]90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period.
RomaniaVisa not required[195]90 days
RussiaVisa not required[196]90 days
  • 90 days within one calendar year period.
RwandaVisa not required[197]30 days
  • Can also be entered on an East Africa Tourist Visa issued by Kenya or Rwanda.[123]
Saint Kitts and NevisElectronic Travel Authorisation[198][199]90 days
Saint LuciaVisa required[200]
Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesVisa not required[201]3 month
SamoaVisa not required[202]90 days
San MarinoVisa not required[203]
São Tomé and PríncipeeVisa[204][205]
Saudi ArabiaVisa required[206]
SenegalVisa required[207]
SerbiaVisa not required[208]90 days
  • 90 days within any 6 month period.
SeychellesElectronic Border System[209][210]3 months
  • Application can be submitted up to 30 days before travel.
  • Visitors must upload a reservation confirmation(s) for each visitor's location of stay in Seychelles.
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.
  • Payment of the fee (EUR 10) by credit or debit card.
  • Valid for one journey only and it expires once exit the country.
Sierra LeoneeVisa[211][212]3 months
SingaporeVisa required[213]
  • May obtain visa online.[214]
SlovakiaVisa not required[211]90 days
SloveniaVisa not required[215]90 days
Solomon IslandsVisa required[216]
  • Visa on arrival if having pre-arranged visa.
SomaliaeVisa[217][218]30 days
South AfricaVisa required[219]
South SudaneVisa[220][221]
  • Obtainable online.
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel.
SpainVisa not required[222]90 days
Sri LankaeVisa / Visa on arrival[223][224]60 days / 30 days
  • The standard visitor visa allows a stay of 60 days within any 6-month period.[225]
  • Visa fees (for Standard visitor visa):
  • e-Visa categories will be charged an additional USD 18.50 service fee.
  • If transiting from any of the Sri Lankan airports, An e-Visa is exempted (2 day transit period).
SudanVisa required[226]
SurinameVisa not required[227][228]90 days
  • An entrance fee ofUSD 50 or EUR 50 must be paid online prior to arrival.[229]
  • Multiple entry e-Visa is also available.[230]
SwedenVisa not required[215]90 days
 SwitzerlandVisa not required[231]90 days
SyriaeVisa[232]
  • According to the Law No. 2 of 2014 all visitors require visas prior to arrival.[233][234][235] According to theIATA database, visa may be obtained on arrival and is valid for 15 days.[236]
TajikistanVisa not required[237]Unlimited
TanzaniaeVisa / Visa on arrival[238][239]90 days
ThailandeVisa[240][241]30 days
Timor-LesteVisa on arrival[242]30 days
TogoeVisa[243][244]15 days
TongaVisa required[245]
Trinidad and TobagoVisa required[246]
TunisiaVisa not required[247]3 months
TurkeyVisa not required[248]90 days
TurkmenistanVisa required[251]
TuvaluVisa on arrival[252]1 month
UgandaeVisa[253][254]3 months
  • Can also be entered on an East Africa Tourist Visa issued by Kenya or Rwanda.[123]
UkraineVisa not required[255]90 days
  • ID-card valid for people living within 30 km (19 mi) border zone.
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
United Arab EmiratesVisa not required[256]90 days
United KingdomVisa required[257]
United StatesVisa required[258]
UruguayVisa required[260]
UzbekistanVisa not required[261]Unlimited
VanuatueVisa[262][263]
Vatican CityVisa not required[264]
VenezuelaVisa required[265]
VietnameVisa[266][267]
  • e-Visa is valid for 90 days and multiple entry.
YemenVisa required[268]
ZambiaeVisa / Visa on arrival[269][270]90 days
ZimbabweeVisa / Visa on arrival[271][272]30 days

Territories and disputed areas

[edit]

Visa requirements for Moldovan citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones:

Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
Europe
AbkhaziaVisa not required[273]
Mount AthosSpecial permit requiredSpecial permit required (4 days: 25euro forOrthodox visitors, 35euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[274][275]
Turkish Republic of Northern CyprusVisa not required3 months[276]
United NationsUN Buffer Zone in CyprusAccess Permit required[277]Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
Faroe IslandsVisa not required[278]
GibraltarVisa required[279]
GuernseyVisa required[280]
Isle of ManVisa required[281]
NorwayJan MayenPermit requiredPermit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[282] and permit issued by theNorwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[283]
JerseyVisa required[284]
KosovoVisa required[285]
RussiaSpecial authorization requiredSeveralclosed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[286]
South OssetiaVisa not requiredMultiple entry visa toRussia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[287][288]
Africa
British Indian Ocean TerritorySpecial permit requiredSpecial permit required.[289]
Eritrea outsideAsmaraTravel permit requiredTo travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20Eritrean nakfa).[290]
MayotteVisa not required[291]90 days within 180 days
RéunionVisa not required[291]90 days within 180 days
Ascension IslandeVisa[292][293]3 months within any year period.
Saint HelenaeVisa[294][295]
Tristan da CunhaPermission requiredPermission to land required for 15/30pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20pounds sterling forGough Island,Inaccessible Island orNightingale Islands.[296]
Sahrawi Arab Democratic RepublicUndefined visa regime in theWestern Sahara controlled territory.
SomalilandVisa on arrival30 days for 30USD, payable on arrival.[297][298]
SudanTravel permit requiredAll foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside ofKhartoum must obtain a travel permit.
SudanDarfurTravel permit requiredSeparate travel permit is required.[299]
Asia
Hong KongeVisa[300]
India PAP/RAPPAP/RAP requiredProtected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states ofNagaland andSikkim and parts of statesManipur,Arunachal Pradesh,Uttaranchal,Jammu and Kashmir,Rajasthan,Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all ofAndaman and Nicobar Islands and parts ofSikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[301][302][303][304][305][306]
KazakhstanSpecial permission requiredSpecial permission required for the town ofBaikonur and surrounding areas inKyzylorda Oblast, and the town ofGvardeyskiy nearAlmaty.[307]
IranKish IslandVisa not requiredVisitors toKish Island do not require a visa.[308]
MacaoVisa not required[309]90 days
MaldivesMaldivesPermission requiredWith the exception of the capitalMalé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[310]
North Korea outsidePyongyangSpecial permit requiredPeople are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)
PalestineVisa not required[311]Arrival by sea toGaza Strip not allowed.[312]
TaiwanVisa required[313]
TajikistanGorno-Badakhshan Autonomous ProvinceOIVR permit requiredOIVR permit required (15+5Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required forLake Sarez.[314][315][316]
ChinaTibet Autonomous RegionTTP requiredTibet Travel Permit required (10USD).[317][318][319]
TurkmenistanSpecial permit requiredA special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places:Atamurat,Cheleken,Dashoguz,Serakhs andSerhetabat.[320]
United NationsKorean Demilitarized ZoneRestricted zone.
United NationsUNDOF Zone andGhajarRestricted zone.
YemenSpecial permission requiredSpecial permission needed for travel outsideSanaa orAden.[321]
Caribbean and North Atlantic
AnguillaVisa required[322]
ArubaVisa not required[323][324]30 days
BermudaVisa required[325]
NetherlandsBonaire,St. Eustatius andSabaVisa not required[326][327]90 days
British Virgin IslandsVisa required[328]
Cayman IslandsVisa required[329]
CuracaoVisa not required[330]90 days
FranceFrench GuianaVisa not required[291]90 days within 180 days
FranceFrench West IndiesVisa not required[291]French West Indies refers toMartinique,Guadeloupe,Saint Martin andSaint Barthélemy.
GreenlandVisa not required[278]
MontserratElectronic visa[331]
Puerto RicoVisa required[332]
Saint Pierre and MiquelonVisa not required[291]90 days within 180 days
Sint MaartenVisa not required[333][334]90 days
Turks and Caicos IslandsVisa required[335]
U.S. Virgin IslandsVisa required[336]
Oceania
American SamoaEntry permit required[337]
AustraliaAshmore and Cartier IslandsSpecial authorisation requiredSpecial authorisation required.[338]
Cook IslandsVisa not required[339]31 days
FijiLau ProvinceSpecial permission requiredSpecial permission required.[340]
French PolynesiaVisa not required[291]90 days within 180 days
GuamVisa required[341]
New CaledoniaVisa required[342]
NiueVisa on arrival[343]30 days
Northern Mariana IslandsVisa required[344]
Pitcairn IslandsVisa not required14 days visa free and landing fee 35 USD or tax of 5 USD if not going ashore.[345][346][347]
TokelauEntry permit required[348]
United StatesUnited States Minor Outlying IslandsSpecial permits requiredSpecial permits required forBaker Island,Howland Island,Jarvis Island,Johnston Atoll,Kingman Reef,Midway Atoll,Palmyra Atoll andWake Island.[349][350][351][352][353][354][355]
Wallis and FutunaVisa required[356]
South Atlantic
Falkland IslandsVisa required[357]
South Georgia and the South Sandwich IslandsPermit requiredPre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160pounds sterling).[358][359]
AntarcticaSpecial permits required forBritish Antarctic Territory,French Southern and Antarctic Lands,Argentine Antarctica,AustraliaAustralian Antarctic Territory,Antártica Chilena ProvinceChilean Antarctic Territory,AustraliaHeard Island and McDonald Islands,NorwayPeter I Island,NorwayQueen Maud Land,New ZealandRoss Dependency.[360][361][362][363][364][365][366][367][368][369][370][371]

Diplomatic and official passports only

[edit]
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This section is empty. You can help byadding to it.(August 2025)

Moldovan ID as optional passport replacement

[edit]
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This section is empty. You can help byadding to it.(August 2025)

Non-visa restrictions

[edit]

Moldovan passports are recognized by all countries of the world. However, in some rare cases, Moldovan citizens may be refused entry.

This section istranscluded fromNon-visa travel restrictions.(edit |history)

Blank passport pages

[edit]

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[380] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

[edit]
Main articles:Vaccination requirements for international travel andInternational Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

The African countries ofAngola,Benin,Burkina Faso,Burundi,Cameroon,Central African Republic,Chad,Democratic Republic of the Congo,Republic of the Congo,Côte d'Ivoire,Equatorial Guinea,Gabon,Gambia,Ghana,Guinea-Bissau,Kenya,Liberia,Mali,Mauritania,Niger,Rwanda,Senegal,Sierra Leone andTogo,South Sudan,Uganda, andZambia, requireall incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[381] to have a currentInternational Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory ofFrench Guiana.[382]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[383][384]

Passport validity length

[edit]

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[385][386] or even accept passports that have already expired (butnot been cancelled).[387]

Some countries, such as Japan,[388] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[389] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[390] Bhutan, Botswana,British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[391] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[392] Philippines,[393] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[394]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand.Similarly, theEEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, allEuropean Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[395] and South Africa.

Maximum passport age

[edit]

Countries of theSchengen area require non-EU passports to be less than 10 years old upon entry.[396]

Criminal record

[edit]

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[397] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have acriminal record, while others impose restrictionsdepending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

[edit]

The government of a country can declare a diplomatpersona non grata, banning them from entering the country or expelling them if they have already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreignerpersona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[398]

Israeli stamps

[edit]

Kuwait,[399] Lebanon,[400] Libya,[401] and Yemen[402] do not allow entry to people withpassport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent thisArab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports atBen Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017[update]) stamped atErez when passing into and out ofGaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

[edit]
See also:Biometric identification by country

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, befingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than golandside.[403]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[404][405] Argentina,[406] Brunei, Cambodia,[407] China,[408] Ethiopia,[409] Ghana, Guinea,[410] India, Japan,[411][412] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[413] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[414] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[415] the Schengen Area,[416] Singapore, South Korea,[417] Taiwan, Thailand,[418] Uganda,[419] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implementexit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[420][421][422] intends to implementfacial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[423]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition,iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by theInternational Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use ine-passports[424] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[425][426] The United StatesDepartment of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[427] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[428][429]

Fingerprinting

[edit]

Several countries includingArgentina,Cambodia,Japan,Malaysia,Saudi Arabia,South Korea and theUnited States demand all passengers to befingerprinted on arrival.[430][431][432][433][434][435][436]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Global Passport Ranking".
  2. ^"Europe Grants Moldovan Citizens Visa-Free Travel". 27 April 2014.
  3. ^"Press corner | European Commission". Europa.eu. Retrieved2022-03-07.
  4. ^Visa information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan.
  5. ^Visa regime for foreign citizens, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of Albania.
  6. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  7. ^Travel to Andorra, Ministry of External Affairs of Andorra.
  8. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  9. ^"Angola e-Visa".www.smevisa.gov.ao. Retrieved2024-12-09.
  10. ^Countries exempt from visa, Department of Immigration of Antigua and Barbuda.
  11. ^Visa regime, National Directorate of Migrations of Argentina(in Spanish).
  12. ^"Argentina ETA".
  13. ^Visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.
  14. ^Visitor visa options, Department of Home Affairs of Australia.
  15. ^"Australia Subclass 600".
  16. ^Schengen visa, Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs of Austria.
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  19. ^Countries with visa-free travel regime, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan(in Azerbaijani).
  20. ^eVISA Online Services – Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Bahamas, Government of the Bahamas
  21. ^Bahrain eVisas, Ministry of Interior of Bahrain.
  22. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  23. ^Barbados Visa Requirements and Reciprocal Arrangements, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Barbados, 1 July 2020.
  24. ^Visa-free travel, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Belarus.
  25. ^Visa for Belgium, Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs of Belgium.
  26. ^Do you need a visa to travel to Belize?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade & Immigration, Belize, July 2023.
  27. ^Visa, Emigration and Immigration Directorate of Benin.
  28. ^"Benin eVisa".
  29. ^Visa, Tourism Council of Bhutan.
  30. ^"Bhutan eVisa".
  31. ^Requirements to enter Bolivia, General Directorate of Migration of Bolivia(in Spanish).
  32. ^"Bolivia Online Visa".
  33. ^Visas, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
  34. ^Requirements for visa application, Government of Botswana.
  35. ^"Botswana eVisa".
  36. ^Visas to travel to Brazil, Ministry of External Relations of Brazil (in Portuguese and English).
  37. ^Country category for visa application, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Brunei.
  38. ^Visa for Bulgaria, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria.
  39. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  40. ^"Burkina Faso eVisa".
  41. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  42. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  43. ^"Cambodia eVisa".
  44. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  45. ^"Cameroon eVisa".
  46. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  47. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  48. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  49. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  56. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  57. ^"Republic of Congo Online Visa".
  58. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  59. ^"DR Congo eVisa".
  60. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  61. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  62. ^"CI eVisa".
  63. ^Visa requirements overview, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Croatia.
  64. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  65. ^"Cuba eVisa".
  66. ^Visa policy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cyprus.
  67. ^List of states whose citizens are exempt from visa requirement, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, 13 July 2017.
  68. ^Countries with a visa requirement and visa-free countries, Danish Immigration Service, 8 December 2017.
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  70. ^"Djibouti eVisa".
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  77. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  78. ^"Equatorial Guinea eVisa".
  79. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  80. ^Who does not need a visa to visit Estonia?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Estonia, 2 November 2017.
  81. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  83. ^"Ethiopia eVisa".
  84. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  85. ^Visa requirement and travel documents accepted by Finland, Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland.
  86. ^Foreign nationals holding ordinary passports exempt from visa requirements, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of France, January 2016.
  87. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  88. ^"Gabon eVisa".
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  90. ^Exemption applies if traveling as tourists on a charter flight.
  91. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  93. ^International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  109. ^"Iran eVisa".
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  114. ^https://israel-entry.piba.gov.il/EligibilityResult[permanent dead link]
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  141. ^Staying in Luxembourg for less than 90 days, Government of Luxembourg.
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  381. ^"Yellow Fever".Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved23 August 2021.African countries that requires (sic) Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that require vaccination for all travellers older that 9 months or 1 year: Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameron, Central African Republic, Congo, Côte d'lvoire, DRC, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Niger, Togo.
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  386. ^"Visitor Visa".travel.state.gov. US Department of State. Retrieved13 January 2024.Passport valid for travel to the United States – Your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond your period of stay in the United States (unless exempt by country-specific agreements). Each individual who needs a visa must submit a separate application, including any family members listed in your passport.
  387. ^"Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports".Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Republic of Turkey. Archived fromthe original on 8 October 2015. Retrieved6 July 2018.Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports: 1. Germany – Passports expired within the last year / ID's expired within the last year, 2. Belgium - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 3. France - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 4. Spain - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 5. Switzerland - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 6. Luxemburg - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 7. Portugal - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 8. Bulgaria – Valid ordinary passport
  388. ^"Frequently Asked Questions".Embassy of Japan in Malaysia. Retrieved13 January 2024.Q: Do I need at least 6 months passport validity in order to enter Japan? A: Japan does not have any regulations relating to passport validity, so long as your passport will be valid until after you leave Japan.
  389. ^"Entering the UK".Gov.UK. Retrieved17 March 2021.You're not from an EEA country: you must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.
  390. ^Bahrain government website
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  392. ^"Government Of Peru Requires Six-Month Validity On Passports To Enter Peru".Traveling & Living in Peru. 2 January 2019. Retrieved17 March 2021.
  393. ^"Bureau of Immigration of the Republic of the Philippines". Retrieved17 March 2021.
  394. ^Timatic
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  403. ^Calder, Simon (24 April 2017)."Airline lobbying for a relaxation of draconian rules for London-Auckland travellers".The Independent.Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved7 July 2018.Travellers heading west from the UK to New Zealand may soon be able to avoid the onerous requirement to clear US border control during the refuelling stop at Los Angeles airport (LAX). Unlike almost every other country in the world, the US insists on a full immigration check even for passengers who simply intend to re-board their plane to continue onwards to a foreign destination. Air New Zealand, which flies daily from Heathrow via Los Angeles to Auckland, says there are currently "strict requirements for travellers" in transit at LAX. Through passengers to Auckland on flight NZ1 or Heathrow on NZ2 must apply in advance for an ESTA (online visa) even though they have no intention of staying in the US. They also have to undergo screening by the Transportation Security Administration.
  404. ^"How to enter Afghanistan. The Entry Requirements for Afghanistan - CountryReports".Countryreports.org.
  405. ^Nordland, Rod (19 November 2011)."In Afghanistan, Big Plans to Gather Biometric Data".The New York Times.
  406. ^"Argentina strengthens migratory control". Archived fromthe original on 2 December 2013.
  407. ^"Cambodia Foreign Entry Requirements".Us-passport-information.com. Archived from the original on 5 July 2012.
  408. ^"China to Start Fingerprinting Foreign Visitors".Air Canada. 31 Jan 2019. Retrieved7 July 2018.Effective 27 April 2018, border control authorities at all of China's ports of entry, including its airports, will start collecting the fingerprints of all foreign visitors aged between 14 and 70. Diplomatic passport holders and beneficiaries of reciprocal agreements are exempted..
  409. ^"Äthiopien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise".Auswaertiges-amt.de.
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  414. ^"Malaysia".CountryReports. Retrieved7 July 2018.
  415. ^"Saudi Arabia mandates fingerprints and biometrics for foreigners - SecureIDNews".secureidnews.com. Retrieved3 March 2017.
  416. ^"The new Entry/Exit System went live on 12 October - Migration and Home Affairs".home-affairs.ec.europa.eu. Retrieved2026-01-27.
  417. ^"S Korea to scan fingerprints of suspicious foreign visitors - People's Daily Online".peopledaily.com.cn. Retrieved3 March 2017.
  418. ^"National News Bureau of Thailand".
  419. ^AfricaNews (2019-01-14)."Gemalto awarded Uganda's new e-Immigration solution with fast-track border crossing eKiosks at Entebbe Airport".Africanews. Retrieved2019-04-24.
  420. ^Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016)."Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process".Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved25 April 2019.While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  421. ^Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013)."U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border".The New York Times. Retrieved25 April 2019.Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  422. ^Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006)."Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave".The New York Times. Retrieved25 April 2019.Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
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  424. ^"ICAO Document 9303: Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 9: Deployment of Biometric Identification and Electronic Storage of Data in MRTDs, 7th edition"(PDF). 2015. Retrieved23 April 2019.
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  426. ^"Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE".SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved7 July 2018.The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
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  436. ^"Office of Biometric Identity Management". 23 January 2020.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacadHolders of biometric passports only.
  2. ^
    • Savannakhet Airport
    • Lanetoui - Mengkang (China)
    • Meuangmom - Wan Pong (Myanmar)
    • Banvang - Ban Khok Phai (Thailand)
    • Namngeun - Huay Kon (Thailand)
    • Paksan - Bueng Kan (Thailand)
    • Paktaphan - Pak Saeng (Thailand)
    • Pangmon - Ban Huak (Thailand)
    • Phoudou (Thailand)
    • Dak ta ock - Nam Giang (Vietnam)
    • La Lai (Vietnam)
    • Namkan (Vietnam)
    • Namphao - Cau Treo (Vietnam)
    • Namsoy - Na Meo (Vietnam)
    • Naphao - Cha Lo (Vietnam)
    • Pahang - Long Sap (Vietnam)
    • Panghok - Tây Trang (Vietnam)
    • Phoukeua - Bo Y (Vietnam)
  3. ^
    • Vientiane (Friendship Bridge 1)
    • Savannakhet (Friendship Bridge 2)
    • Bokeo (Friendship Bridge 4)
  4. ^
    • Vientiane (Friendship Bridge 1)
    • Savannakhet (Friendship Bridge 2)
    • Khammouane (Friendship Bridge 3)
    • Bokeo (Friendship Bridge 4)
  5. ^
    • Nongnokkheane - Trapeang Kriel (Cambodia)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)
    • Golden Triangle/Samliemkham (Thailand)
    • Khamsavath railway station (Thailand)
    • Namheuang - Ban Na Kraseng (Thailand)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Dansavan - Lao Bảo (Vietnam)
Visa policy by country
Africa
Americas
Asia
Europe
Oceania
Historical

1British Overseas Territories.2 These countries span the conventional boundary between Europe and Asia.3 Partially recognized.4Unincorporated territory of the United States.5 Part of the Kingdom of Denmark.6Egypt spans the boundary between Africa and Asia.7 Unrecognized state.

Visa requirements by citizenship
Africa
Americas
Asia
Europe
Oceania
Other

1British Overseas Territories.2Azerbaijan,Georgia,Turkey,Kazakhstan,Russia and the partially recognised republics ofAbkhazia andSouth Ossetia each span the conventional boundary between Europe and Asia.3Cyprus,Armenia, and the partially recognised republic ofNorthern Cyprus are entirely in Western Asia but have socio-political connections with Europe.4Egypt spans the boundary between Africa and Asia.5 Partially recognized.

Immigration law
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