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Visa requirements for German citizens

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Administrative entry restrictions

German passport cover (2017)
German identity card (2024), valid for travelling to most European countries.

Visa requirements forGermany citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Germany.

As of 10 September 2025, German citizens had visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 187 countries and territories. According to theHenley Passport Index, the German passport ranked 4th in the world for travel freedom, tied for the highest ranking among allEuropean Union member states alongside those of Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Spain.[1]

Recent

[edit]

Recently visa requirements for German citizens were lifted byChina (December 2023),[2][3][4]Zambia (1 October 2022),[5]Angola (September 2023),[6][7]Tajikistan (January 2022),[8]Oman (9 December 2020) (Previously Visa on arrival),[9]Uzbekistan (15 January 2019),[10]Cape Verde (1 January 2019),[11]Belarus (February 2017),[12]Solomon Islands (October 2016),[13]Tuvalu (July 2016),[14]Marshall Islands (June 2016),[15]Palau (December 2015),[16]Tonga (November 2015),[17]Sao Tome and Principe (August 2015),[18]Vietnam (July 2015-June 30, 2021 at least),[19]Indonesia (June 2015),[20][21]United Arab Emirates,Timor-Leste,Samoa (May 2015),[22][23][24][25]Kazakhstan (July 2014),[26]Mongolia (September 2013)[27] andKyrgyzstan (July 2012).[28]

German citizens were made eligible for eVisas recently by Russia (2023),[29]Guinea andMalawi (October 2019),Saudi Arabia (September 2019),Russia (onlyKaliningrad Oblast,Saint Petersburg andLeningrad Oblast, free of charge),[30][31]Suriname andPakistan (April 2019),Tanzania andPapua New Guinea (November 2018),[32]Djibouti (February 2018),[33]Egypt (December 2017),[34]Azerbaijan (January 2017),[35]India (e-Tourist visa from November 2014)[36] andMyanmar (September 2014).[37]

Visa requirements map

[edit]
Map of jurisdictions by visa requirement for German citizens holding ordinary passports
  Visa not required /ETA[Note 1][Note 2]
  eVisa
  Visa available bothon arrival oronline[Note 3]
  Visa required prior to arrival

Visa requirements

[edit]
Country / RegionVisa requirementAllowed stayNotes (excluding departure fees)Reciprocity
AfghanistanVisa required[38]✓
AlbaniaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
AlgeriaVisa required[38]✓
AndorraVisa not required[38][40]90 days[41]✓
AngolaVisa not required[38][43]30 days[38]X
Antigua and BarbudaVisa not required[38]180 days[46][38]✓
ArgentinaVisa not required[38][47]90 days[38]✓
ArmeniaVisa not required[38]180 days[38]X
AustraliaeVisitor[38][48]90 days[38]
  • eVisitor is considered to be a visa under Australia law.
  • 90 days on each visit in 12-month period if granted.
✓
AustriaFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
AzerbaijaneVisa[38][50]30 days[38]X
BahamasVisa not required[38]90 days[51][38]✓
BahraineVisa / Visa on arrival[38][52]30 days[38]
  • Extendable for an additional 2 weeks.
X
BangladeshVisa on arrival[38]30 days[38]X
BarbadosVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
BelarusVisa not required[38][53]90 days[53]
  • Visa-free until 31 December 2026.[54][55]
X
BelgiumFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
BelizeVisa not required[38]30 days[56]X
BenineVisa[38][57][58]
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
X
BhutaneVisa[38][59]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
X
BoliviaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
Bosnia and HerzegovinaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
BotswanaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]
  • 90 days per calendar year.[61]
X
BrazilVisa not required[38]90 days[38]
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.[62]
✓
BruneiVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
BulgariaFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
Burkina FasoeVisa[38][63]90 days[38]X
BurundieVisa / Visa on arrival[38][64]30 days[38]X
CambodiaeVisa / Visa on arrival[38][66]30 days[38]
  • Visa is also obtainable online.
X
CamerooneVisa[38][67]X
CanadaeTA / Visa not required[38]180 days[38]✓
Cape VerdeVisa not required[38]30 days[38]
  • Must register online at least five days prior to arrival.[70]
X
Central African RepublicVisa required[38]✓
ChadeVisa[71]90 days[38]
  • Must apply at least 7 days before arrival but maximum 90 days before arrival.
X
ChileVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
ChinaVisa not required[38]30 days[38]
  • Visa-free from December 1, 2023 to December 31, 2026.[72]
X
ColombiaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]
  • 90 days – extendable up to 180-days stay within a one-year period.
✓
ComorosVisa on arrival[38]45 days[38]X
Republic of the CongoVisa required[38]✓
Democratic Republic of the CongoeVisa[38][73]90 days[38]X
Costa RicaVisa not required[38]180 days[38]X
Côte d'IvoireeVisa[38][74]3 months[74]X
CroatiaFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
CubaeVisa[76]90 days[38]
  • Can be extended up to 90 days with a fee.
X
CyprusFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
Czech RepublicFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
DenmarkFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
DjiboutieVisa[38][77]90 days[38]X
DominicaVisa not required[38]180 days[38]X
Dominican RepublicVisa not required[38]30 days[78]
  • Application for a fee-based extension possible.[78]
X
EcuadorVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
EgypteVisa / Visa on arrival[38][79]30 days[38]
  • ID card valid, passport type photo is required on arrival.[80]
X
El SalvadorVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
Equatorial GuineaeVisa[38][81]X
EritreaVisa required[38]✓
EstoniaFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
EswatiniVisa not required[38]30 days[38]X
EthiopiaeVisa / Visa on arrival[38]90 days[38]X
FijiVisa not required[38]120 days[38]X
FinlandFreedom of movement[85][49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
FranceFreedom of movement[86][49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
GaboneVisa[38][87]90 days[38]X
GambiaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
GeorgiaVisa not required[38]360 days[38]X
GhanaVisa required[38]✓
GreeceFreedom of movement[89][49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
GrenadaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
GuatemalaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
GuineaeVisa[38][90]90 days[38]X
Guinea-BissauVisa on arrival[38]90 days[38]X
GuyanaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
HaitiVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
HondurasVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
HungaryFreedom of movement[91][49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
IcelandFreedom of movement[92][49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
IndiaeVisa[38]30 days[38]
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via 32 designated airports[Note 4] or 5 designated seaports.[Note 5][93]
  • An Indian e-Tourist Visa may only be obtained twice within 1 calendar year.[94]
  • Foreigners of Pakistani origin or who hold a Pakistani Passport are not eligible for an e-Visa. Foreigners who are not Pakistani nationals, but whose parents or grandparents (either paternal or maternal) were born in, or were permanent residents in Pakistan, are also not eligible for an e-Visa.[95]
  • Former Indian citizens with an OCI (Overseas Citizen Of India) cards are eligible for unlimited travel and stay.[96]
X
Indonesiae-VOA / Visa on arrival[38]30 days[97][38]
  • Cost for Visa on arrival approx. 30 Euro for 30 days. You can extend it once in Bali by another 30 days. As of February 2024.
X
IraneVisa[38][98]30 days[38]
  • Passengers who have already made an application, at least 2 days before arrival, at the Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affair's e-Visa website and present the submission notification at the airport's visa desk may obtain a visa on arrival.[99]
X
IraqeVisa[100][38]30 days[38]
  • Authorities in Iraq have decided to remove the visa-on-arrival requirement for nationals of the European Union and several other countries, requiring them to now apply for an e-visa to enter Iraq through the official platform.[101]
  • Visa on arrival or eVisa for up to 30 days for travel toIraqi Kurdistan.[102]
X
IrelandFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
IsraelETA-IL[38]90 days[38]
  • 3 months for tourism only.[103]
  • German citizens born before 1 January 1928 need a visa which will be issued for free if one was not a member of the Nazi party or involved in crimes committed during the time ofNazi Germany.[104]
  • Starting June 1st, 2024, the ETA-IL (Electronic Travel Authorisation) will open for application submissions as a pilot program for German and American citizens. Applying will be voluntary and exempt from fees. The system will open to other nationalities on July 1st, 2024.[105]
✓
ItalyFreedom of movement[106][49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
JamaicaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
JapanVisa not required[38]90 days[38]
  • Extendable for 3 additional months
✓
JordaneVisa / Visa on arrival[38][107]
  • Visa can be obtained upon arrival, it will cost a total of 40 JOD, obtainable at most international ports of entry and land border crossings (exceptKing Hussein/Allenby Bridge)
X
KazakhstanVisa not required[38]30 days[38]X
KenyaElectronic Travel Authorisation[38][108]90 days[38]
  • Applications can be submitted up to 90 days prior to travel and must be submitted at least 3 days in advance.
  • eTA fee isUSD 32.50.
  • Proof of reservation at the hotel where visitors plan to stay is required (if staying with friends, an invitation letter is also acceptable).
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.
X
KiribatiVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
North KoreaVisa required[38]✓
South KoreaVisa not required[109]90 days
  • K-ETA exemption until the end of 2026.[110]
✓
KuwaiteVisa / Visa on arrival[38][111]90 days[38]X
KyrgyzstanVisa not required[38]60 days[38]X
LaoseVisa / Visa on arrival[38][112]30 days[38]X
LatviaFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
LebanonFree visa on arrival[38][114]30 days[38]
  • Extendable for 2 additional months.
  • Granted free of charge atBeirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non-refundable return or circle trip ticket.[citation needed]
X
LesothoVisa not required[38][115]14 days[38]X
LiberiaVisa required[38]✓
LibyaeVisa[38][116]X
LiechtensteinFreedom of movement[117][49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
LithuaniaFreedom of movement[118][49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
LuxembourgFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
MadagascareVisa / Visa on arrival[119][38]90 days[38]X
MalawieVisa / Visa on arrival[120][121][38]30 days[38]X
MalaysiaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]
  • The electronic Malaysia Digital Arrival Card must be submitted within three days before the date of arrival in Malaysia.[122]
✓
MaldivesFree visa on arrival[38]30 days[38]X
MaliVisa required[38]✓
MaltaFreedom of movement[123][49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
Marshall IslandsVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
MauritaniaeVisa[38][124][125]30 days
  • An eVisa is mandatory before travel.
X
MauritiusVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
MexicoVisa not required[38]180 days[38]✓
MicronesiaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
MoldovaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
MonacoVisa not required[38]3 months[127]✓
MongoliaVisa not required[38]30 days[38]X
MontenegroVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
MoroccoVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
MozambiqueVisa not required[38][130]30 days[38]
  • Travelers must register on the e-Visa platform at least 48 hours prior to travel and pay a processing fee of 650 MT.
X
MyanmareVisa[38][131]X
NamibiaeVisa / Visa on arrival[132]90 days[38]
  • Can be obtained online or on arrival for a fee of N$1,600 (approximately €82 / US$88).[133]
X
NauruVisa required[38]✓
  NepalOnline Visa / Visa on arrival[38]150 days[38]X
NetherlandsFreedom of movement (European Netherlands)[134][49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
New ZealandNZeTA[38]90 days[38]
  • NZeTA is an electronic travel permit but not legally a visa.
  • May enter usingeGate.[135]
  • International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy must be paid upon requesting an Electronic Travel Authority.[136]
  • Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to theTrans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[137] Such travellers are not required to pay the International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy.[136]
✓
NicaraguaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
NigerVisa required[38]✓
NigeriaeVisa[38][138]
  • Holders of written e-Visa approval issued by the Immigration Authority can obtain a visa on arrival, provided they hold a visa application form and e-Visa application payment receipt and have an invitation letter from a Nigerian company accepting immigration responsibilities.[139]
X
North MacedoniaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
NorwayFreedom of movement[141][49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
OmanVisa not required[38][142]14 days[38]
  • An eVisa is also available for stays up to 30 days.[142]
X
PakistaneVisa[143]90 days[38]X
PalauVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
PanamaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
Papua New GuineaeVisa[38][144]60 days[38]X
ParaguayVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
PeruVisa not required[38]90 days[38]
  • 90 days within any 6-month period.
✓
PhilippinesVisa not required[38]30 days[38]X
PolandFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
PortugalFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
QatarFree visa on arrival[38][145]90 days[38]
  • Available free of charge.[38]
X
RomaniaFreedom of movement[146][49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
RussiaeVisa[38][147]15 days[38]X
RwandaeVisa / Visa on arrival[38][148]30 days[38]X
Saint Kitts and NevisETA[38]90 days[38]
  • All travelers must apply for an ETA online.[149]
X
Saint LuciaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
SamoaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
San MarinoVisa not required[38]3 months[150]✓
São Tomé and PríncipeVisa not required[38]15 days[38]X
Saudi ArabiaeVisa / Visa on arrival[38][152]90 days[38]
  • 96 hour transit visa available additionally[153]
X
SenegalVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
SerbiaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
SeychellesETA[38][155]90 days[156][38]
  • Travelers must obtain an ETA before departure.[157]
✓
Sierra LeoneeVisa / Visa on arrival[38][158]30 days[38]X
SingaporeVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
SlovakiaFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
SloveniaFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
Solomon IslandsVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
SomaliaeVisa[159][160]30 days
  • All visitors must have an approved Electronic Visa (eTAS) before the start of their journey[161]
No
South AfricaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
South SudaneVisa[38][162]6 months[162]
  • Obtainable online.
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel.
X
SpainFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
Sri LankaeVisa / Visa on arrival[38][163]180 days[163] / 30 days[38]
  • The standard visitor visa allows a stay of 60 days within any 6-month period.[164]
  • Visa fees (for Standard visitor visa):
  • e-Visa categories will be charged an additional USD 18.50 service fee.
  • If transiting from any of the Sri Lankan airports, An e-Visa is exempted (2 day transit period).
X
SudanVisa required[38]✓
SurinameVisa not required[38][165]90 days[38]
  • An entrance fee ofUSD 50 or EUR 50 must be paid online prior to arrival.[166]
  • Multiple entry e-Visa is also available.[167]
X
SwedenFreedom of movement[168][49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
 SwitzerlandFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]✓
SyriaeVisa[169]X
TajikistanVisa not required[38]30 days[38]
  • Visa also available online.[170]
  • e-Visa holders can enter through all border points.
X
TanzaniaeVisa / Visa on arrival[38][171]90 days[171]X
ThailandVisa not required[38]60 days[38]
  • Maximum 2 visits annually if not arriving by air.[172]
X
Timor-LesteVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
TogoeVisa[38][173]15 days[38]X
TongaVisa not required[38][17]90 days[38]X
Trinidad and TobagoVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
TunisiaVisa not required[38]120 days[38]X
TurkeyVisa not required[38]90 days[38]
  • ID card valid.[176]
  • Former Turkish citizens with a Turkish "Blue Card" (Mavi Kart): Freedom of movement.[177]
X
TurkmenistanVisa required[38]✓
TuvaluVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
UgandaeVisa[38][178]X
UkraineVisa not required[38]90 days[38]
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
✓
United Arab EmiratesVisa not required[38]90 days[38]
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
✓
United KingdomETA UK[38][179]6 months[180]
  • ETA UK (valid for 2 years when issued) required from 2 April 2025.[180]
  • Adults can use ePassport gates.[181]
✓
United StatesVisa Waiver Program[38][182]90 days[38]
  • ESTA is valid for 2 years from the date of issuance.[183]
  • ESTA is also required when entering the country by cruise ship or land.[184]
  • AForm I-94 is required for entry into the United States by land. It carries a $30 fee and can be obtained either online or upon arrival.[185]
  • Visa required for nationals of VWP countries who have travelled or been present in Iran, Iraq, Libya, North Korea, Somalia, Sudan, Syria or Yemen at any time on or after 1 March 2011 (with limited exceptions), or those who have travelled or being present in Cuba at any time on or after 12 January 2021, or nationals of VWP countries who are also nationals of Iran, Iraq, North Korea, Sudan or Syria.
✓
UruguayVisa not required[38]90 days[38]✓
UzbekistanVisa not required[38]30 days[38]X
VanuatuVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
Vatican CityVisa not required[38]1 day[186]✓
VenezuelaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]X
VietnamVisa not required[38][188]45 days[38]
  • A single entry e-Visa valid for 90 days is also available.
X
YemenVisa required[38]✓
ZambiaVisa not required[38]90 days[38]
  • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zimbabwe.
X
ZimbabweeVisa / Visa on arrival[38][189]90 days[38]
  • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zambia.
X

Requirements for entry to territories and states with limited recognition

[edit]

Visa requirements for German citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas andpartially recognized countries:

Visitor toVisa requirementAllowed stayNotes (excluding departure fees)
Europe
AbkhaziaVisa required[190]
Northern CyprusVisa not required3 months[191]
Faroe IslandsVisa not required[192]
GibraltarFreedom of movement[194]Unlimited stay[195]
GuernseyVisa not required[197]6 months[198]
Isle of ManVisa not required6 months[199]
NorwayJan MayenPermit requiredPermit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours.[200] Permit issued by theNorwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[201]
JerseyVisa not required

6 months[202]

KosovoVisa not required[38]90 days[203][38]
South OssetiaRussian multiple entry visa requiredMultiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[205][206]
TransnistriaVisa not required[207]
Africa
British Indian Ocean TerritorySpecial permit required[208]Special permit required.
SpainCanary IslandsFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]
PortugalMadeiraFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]
MayotteFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[209][49]
Ascension IslandeVisa[211][212]
RéunionFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[209]
Saint HelenaVisitor's Pass required[citation needed]Visitor's Pass granted on arrival valid for 4/10/21/60/90 days for 12/14/16/20/25pound sterling.[213]
Tristan da CunhaPermission required[citation needed]Permission to land required for 15/30pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20pounds sterling forGough Island,Inaccessible Island orNightingale Islands.[214]
Sahrawi Arab Democratic RepublicPermit required[215]
SomalilandVisa on arrival[citation needed]30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[216]
Asia
ChinaHainanVisa not required30 days under certain conditions[217]Individual tourists need to select a tour agency and inform them their schedule.
Hong KongVisa not required90 days[218]
Iraqi KurdistaneVisa[219]30 days
IranKish IslandVisa not requiredVisitors toKish Island do not require a visa.[220]
MacaoVisa not required[221]90 days[222]
MalaysiaSabah andSarawakVisa not required[citation needed]These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[223]
PalestinePermit requiredArrival by sea toGaza Strip not allowed.[225]
TaiwanVisa not required90 days[226][38]
VietnamPhú QuốcVisa not required30 days
Caribbean and North Atlantic
AnguillaVisa not required[citation needed]3 months
ArubaVisa not required30 days, extendable to 180 days
PortugalAzoresFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[49]
BermudaVisa not requiredUp to 6 months, decided on arrival.[227]
NetherlandsBonaire,St. Eustatius andSabaVisa not required3 months
British Virgin IslandsVisa not required30 days, extensions possible[228]
Cayman IslandsVisa not required6 months[229]
ColombiaSan Andrés andLeticiaTourist Card on arrivalVisitors arriving atGustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport andAlfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport must buy tourist cards on arrival.[230]
CuraçaoVisa not required3 months[231]
GreenlandVisa not required[232]
GuadeloupeFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[209][49]
MartiniqueFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[209]
MontserratVisa not required6 months[233][234]
Puerto RicoESTA[235]90 days (same as US)
Saint BarthélemyVisa not requiredUnlimited stay[236]
Saint MartinFreedom of movement[49]Unlimited stay[209]
  • ID card valid (passport needed for the Dutch part of the island Sint Maarten).[210][237]
Saint Pierre and MiquelonVisa not requiredUnlimited stay[238]
Sint MaartenVisa not required[239]3 months
Turks and Caicos IslandsVisa not required[240]90 days
U.S. Virgin IslandsESTA[241]90 days (same as US)
Oceania
American SamoaElectronic authorization[242]30 days[citation needed]
AustraliaAshmore and Cartier IslandsSpecial authorisation requiredSpecial authorisation required.[243]
FranceClipperton IslandSpecial permit requiredSpecial permit required.[244]
Cook IslandsVisa not required31 days
GuamESTA[245]90 days (same as US)
New CaledoniaFreedom of movement[246][failed verification]
NiueVisa not required[247]30 days
Northern Mariana IslandsESTA[248]90 daysVisa not required under theVisa Waiver ProgramESTA required.
Pitcairn IslandsVisa not required14 days[249]Landing fee US$35 or tax of US$5 if not going ashore.
FranceFrench PolynesiaVisa not requiredUnlimited stay[250]
TokelauEntry permit required[251]
United StatesUnited States Minor Outlying IslandsSpecial permits requiredSpecial permits required forBaker Island,Howland Island,Jarvis Island,Johnston Atoll,Kingman Reef,Midway Atoll,Palmyra Atoll andWake Island.[252][253][254][255][256][257]
Wallis and FutunaVisa not requiredUnlimited stay[258]
South America
Argentina -MisionesIsla Apipé and Isla del MedioVisa not required90 days
  • By being Argentine territories, the same visa policy applies.
GalápagosOnline pre-registration required[citation needed]Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[259]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
Falkland IslandsVisa not required[260]1 monthA visitor permit is normally issued as a stamp in the passport on arrival.[261]
South Georgia and the South Sandwich IslandsPermit required[citation needed]Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160pounds sterling).[262][263]
British Antarctic TerritorySpecial permit required[264][265]
French Southern and Antarctic LandsSpecial permits required[266][267][268]
Argentine AntarcticaSpecial permit required[269]
AustraliaAustralian Antarctic TerritorySpecial permit required[270]
New ZealandRoss DependencySpecial permit required[271]
AustraliaHeard Island and McDonald IslandsSpecial permit required[272]
Antártica Chilena ProvinceChilean Antarctic TerritorySpecial permit required[citation needed]
NorwayPeter I IslandSpecial permit required[273]
NorwayQueen Maud LandSpecial permit required[274]

Special/Restricted areas

[edit]
Special/Restricted Areas
CountryAreaMaximum stayDetails
 ChinaTibet Autonomous RegionTTP requiredTibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[275][276][277]
 CyprusUnited NationsUN Buffer Zone in CyprusAccess Permit required[278]Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.[citation needed] Access only possible from areas controlled by theRepublic of Cyprus or theSovereign Base Areas
 GreeceMount Athos4 daysA special permit required (25euro forOrthodox visitors, 35euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[279]
 EritreaTravel outsideAsmaraTravel permit requiredTo travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20Eritrean nakfa).[280]
 FijiLau ProvinceSpecial permission requiredSpecial permission required.[281]
IndiaProtected and restricted areasPAP/RAP required[282]Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states ofNagaland andSikkim and parts of statesManipur, Arunachal Pradesh,Uttaranchal,Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan,Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all ofAndaman and Nicobar Islands and parts ofSikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[283][284][285][286]
KazakhstanTown ofBaikonur and surrounding areas inKyzylorda Oblast, and the town ofGvardeyskiySpecial permission requiredSpecial permission required for the town ofBaikonur and surrounding areas inKyzylorda Oblast, and the town ofGvardeyskiy nearAlmaty.[287]
 MaldivesNon-resort islands exceptMaléPermission requiredWith the exception of the capitalMalé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[288]
 North KoreaAreas outsidePyongyangSpecial permit requiredPeople are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)[citation needed]
RussiaClosed cities and regions in RussiaSpecial authorization requiredSeveralclosed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[289]
 SudanTravel outside ofKhartoumTravel permit requiredAll foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside ofKhartoum must obtain a travel permit.[citation needed]
 SudanDarfurTravel permit requiredSeparate travel permit is required.[290]
 TajikistanGorno-Badakhshan Autonomous ProvinceOVIR permit requiredOVIR permit required, can be obtained with e-visa application for an additional $20. Locally it may be obtained for 15+5Tajikistani Somoni. Another special permit (free of charge) is required forLake Sarez.[291][292][293]
TurkmenistanAtamurat,Cheleken,Dashoguz,Serakhs andSerhetabatSpecial permit requiredA special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places:Atamurat,Cheleken,Dashoguz,Serakhs andSerhetabat.[294]
YemenTravel outsideSanaa orAdenSpecial permission requiredSpecial permission needed for travel outside Sanaa or Aden.[295]
United NationsKorean Demilitarized ZoneRestricted zone[citation needed]
United NationsUNDOF Zone andGhajarRestricted zone[citation needed]

Vaccination requirements

[edit]
Main article:Vaccination requirements for international travel

Vaccination requirements map

[edit]

Certain countries and territories require travellers arriving from Germany to be vaccinated against specific diseases. This is a map of vaccination requirements for German citizens and residents arrivingdirectly from theSchengen area, excluding those arriving from third countries.

Vaccination requirements for travellers arriving from Germany
  Polio vaccination required
  Vaccination not required

Quadrivalent meningococcal vaccination (ACYW135)

[edit]
Main article:Meningococcal vaccine § Travel requirements
Meningococcal vaccination requirements for international travel[296]
Country or territoryDetails
 GambiaAll travellers must show proof of vaccination with quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine (ACYW135) upon arrival.[297]
 IndonesiaTravellers arriving from or departing to Saudi Arabia must show proof of vaccination with quadrivalent ACYW-135.[298]
 LebanonProof of vaccination with quadrivalent ACYW-135 is required for travellers departing Lebanon and going to Hajj, Umrah, and to certain African countries.[299]
 LibyaAll travellers must show proof of vaccination with quadrivalent ACYW-135 upon arrival.[300]
 PhilippinesProof of vaccination with quadrivalent ACYW-135 is required for travellers going to Hajj and Umrah (in Saudi Arabia).[301]
 Saudi Arabia
  • Proof of vaccination is required for travellers 2 years of age and older who are Hajj or Umrah pilgrims and seasonal or pilgrim workers in Hajj and Umrah areas. Vaccination with quadrivalent ACYW135 (either polysaccharide or conjugate) must be issued not less than 10 days before arrival and not more than 3 years (polysaccharide vaccine) or 5 years (conjugate vaccine) before arrival. The immunisation certificate should clearly state if the traveller was vaccinated with the conjugate vaccine for the 5-year validity to apply.[302]
  • Vaccination is also required for domestic pilgrims, residents of Mecca and Medina, and any persons participating in Hajj or Umrah or seasonal or pilgrimage work in Hajj and Umrah zones. At the discretion of the Ministry of Health, travellers may be administered prophylactic antibiotics upon arrival.[302]

Polio vaccination

[edit]
Main article:Polio vaccine § Travel requirements
Polio vaccination requirements for international travel[296]
CountryDetails
 AfghanistanTravellers from polio-endemic countries (Pakistan) needCarte Jaune proof of polio vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival. Residents and ALL travellers staying in Afghanistan longer than 4 weeks need proof of polio vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) when departing from Afghanistan.[296][303]
 BelizeTravellers from Afghanistan and Pakistan needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival. Belize residents travelling countries with confirmed polio cases also need proof of vaccination.[304]
 BruneiTravellers from polio-exporting countries needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[305]
 EgyptTravellers from Afghanistan, Angola, Benin, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, China, Congo-Kinshasa, Ethiopia, Ghana, Indonesia, Kenya, Mozambique, Myanmar, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and Somalia needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[306]
 GeorgiaTravellers from at-risk countries needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival. Travellers without proof are offered OPV vaccination upon arrival.[307]
 IndiaTravellers from Afghanistan, Congo-Kinshasa, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, Pakistan, Somalia, and Syria needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[308]
 IranTravellers from Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Nigeria needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival. Travellers without proof will be vaccinated upon arrival.[309]
 IraqTravellers aged 15+ from Afghanistan and Pakistan needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival; children under age 15 must have received three doses of polio vaccine before travel. Travellers without proof will be vaccinated upon arrival. Travellers departing Iraq to Afghanistan and Pakistan must also provide proof of vaccination upon departure.[310]
 JordanTravellers from Afghanistan and Pakistan needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[311]
 LebanonTravellers from and to polio-affected countries needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[312]
 LibyaTravellers from Afghanistan and Pakistan needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[313]
 MaldivesTravellers from and to polio-exporting countries, as well asHajj andUmrah pilgrims, needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[314]
 MoroccoTravellers from polio-affected countries needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[315]
   NepalTravellers from Afghanistan, Kenya, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Papua New Guinea needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[316]
 OmanTravellers from polio-exporting countries needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[317]
 PakistanTravellers from ALL countries planning to stay in Pakistan for more than 4 weeks needCarte Jaune proof of OPV vaccination upon arrival. Residents and ALL travellers staying in Pakistan longer than 4 weeks need proof of OPV vaccination when departing from Pakistan.[296][318]
 PhilippinesTravellers from or to high-risk countries needCarte Jaune proof of polio vaccination upon arrival or before departure, respectively.[296] Due to anongoing local VDPV2 outbreak, the government recommends all others travellers to consider getting a polio vaccine or booster dose, depending on their situation.[319]
 QatarTravellers from polio-exporting countries (identified by Qatar as: Afghanistan, Nigeria, Pakistan and Philippines) needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[320]
 Saint Kitts and NevisTravellers from polio-endemic countries as identified by WHO (Afghanistan and Pakistan) needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[296][321]
 Saudi ArabiaTravellers from active-transmission (including wild or vaccine-derived poliovirus) and at-risk countries, as well as all travellers from Afghanistan, Congo-Kinshasa, Mozambique, Myanmar, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Somalia, Syria, and Yemen, needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival. Regardless of immunisation status, all travellers from Afghanistan, Myanmar, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Somalia, Syria, and Yemen will be given an Oral Polio Vaccine dose upon arrival.[322]
 SeychellesTravellers from countries with polio outbreaks needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[323]
 SyriaTravellers from Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, and Pakistan needCarte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival. ALL Syria residents departing Syria to any country also need proof of vaccination.[324]
 UkraineLong-term visitors departing to states with wild or circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus transmission should presentCarte Jaune proof of vaccination with at least one dose of bivalent OPV or IPV (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure). Persons obliged to undertake urgent international travel must be immunised with a single dose of polio vaccine before their departure.[296] There is also risk of poliovirus transmission inside Ukraine itself, and travellers to Ukraine are recommended to be up to date with their polio vaccination before entry.[325]

Yellow fever vaccination

[edit]
Main article:Yellow fever vaccine § Travel requirements
Yellow fever vaccination requirements for international travel (July 2019)[296]
Country or territoryStatusVaccination required for travellers coming fromTraveller age
 AlbaniaNo riskRisk countries1 year or older
 AlgeriaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 AngolaRisk countryAll countries9 months or older
 Antigua and BarbudaNo riskRisk countries1 year or older
 ArgentinaRisk provinces:
Misiones,Corrientes		No[note 2]–
 ArubaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 AustraliaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 BahamasNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 BahrainNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 BangladeshNo riskRisk countries[note 3]1 year or older
 BarbadosNo riskRisk countries1 year or older
 BelizeNo riskRisk countries[note 3]1 year or older
 BeninRisk countryRisk countries[note 3]1 year or older
 BoliviaRisk countryRisk countries1 year or older
 BonaireNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 BotswanaNo riskRisk countries[note 3]1 year or older
 BrazilRisk countryNo[note 2]–
 BruneiNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 Burkina FasoRisk countryRisk countries[note 3]9 months or older
 BurundiRisk countryRisk countries[note 3]9 months or older
 Cabo VerdeNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 CambodiaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 CameroonRisk countryAll countries9 months or older
 Central African RepublicRisk countryAll countries9 months or older
 ChadRisk countryAll countries9 months or older
 ChinaNo riskRisk countries[note 3]9 months or older
 Christmas IslandNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 ColombiaRisk countryRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 Congo-BrazzavilleRisk countryAll countries9 months or older
 Congo-KinshasaRisk countryAll countries9 months or older
 Costa RicaNo riskRisk countries9 months or older
 Côte d'IvoireRisk countryAll countries9 months or older
 CubaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 CuraçaoNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 DominicaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 Dominican RepublicNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 EcuadorRisk countryRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 EgyptNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 El SalvadorNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 Equatorial GuineaRisk countryRisk countries9 months or older
 EritreaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 EswatiniNo riskRisk countries[note 3]9 months or older
 EthiopiaRisk countryRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 FijiNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 French GuianaRisk countryAll countries1 year or older
 French PolynesiaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 GabonRisk countryAll countries1 year or older
 GambiaRisk countryRisk countries9 months or older
 GhanaRisk countryAll countries9 months or older
 GrenadaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 GuadeloupeNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 GuatemalaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 GuineaRisk countryRisk countries9 months or older
 Guinea-BissauRisk countryAll countries1 year or older
 GuyanaRisk countryRisk countries[note 3]1 year or older
 HaitiNo riskRisk countries1 year or older
 HondurasNo riskRisk countries1 year or older
 IndiaNo riskRisk countries[note 3]9 months or older
 IndonesiaNo riskRisk countries9 months or older
 IranNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 IraqNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 JamaicaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 JordanNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 KenyaRisk countryRisk countries1 year or older
 KyrgyzstanNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 LaosNo riskRisk countriesUnknown
 LesothoNo riskRisk countries[note 1]6 months or older
 LiberiaRisk countryRisk countries9 months or older
 LibyaNo riskRisk countries1 year or older
 MadagascarNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 MalawiNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 MalaysiaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 MaldivesNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 MaliRisk countryAll countries1 year or older
 MaltaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 MartiniqueNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 MauritaniaRisk countryRisk countries1 year or older
 MayotteNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 MontserratNo riskRisk countries[note 3]1 year or older
 MozambiqueNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 MyanmarNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 NamibiaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
   NepalNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 New CaledoniaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 NicaraguaNo riskRisk countries1 year or older
 NigerRisk countryAll countries1 year or older
 NigeriaRisk countryAll countries9 months or older
 NiueNo riskRisk countries9 months or older
 North KoreaNo riskRisk countries1 year or older
 OmanNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 PakistanNo riskRisk countries1 year or older
 PanamaRisk countryRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 Papua New GuineaNo riskRisk countries[note 3]1 year or older
 ParaguayRisk countryRisk countries1 year or older
 PeruRisk countryNo[note 2]–
 PhilippinesNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 Pitcairn IslandsNo riskRisk countries1 year or older
 RwandaNo riskRisk countries1 year or older
 Saint BarthélemyNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 Saint HelenaNo riskRisk countries1 year or older
 Saint Kitts and NevisNo riskRisk countries1 year or older
 Saint LuciaNo riskRisk countries9 months or older
 Saint MartinNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesNo riskRisk countries1 year or older
 SamoaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 São Tomé and PríncipeNo riskRisk countries[note 3]1 year or older
 Saudi ArabiaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 SenegalRisk countryRisk countries[note 3]9 months or older
 SeychellesNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 Sierra LeoneRisk countryAll countriesUnknown
 SingaporeNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 Sint EustatiusNo riskRisk countries6 months or older
 Sint MaartenNo riskRisk countries9 months or older
 Solomon IslandsNo riskRisk countries9 months or older
 SomaliaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 South AfricaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 South SudanRisk countryAll countries9 months or older
 Sri LankaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 SudanRisk countryRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 SurinameRisk countryRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 TanzaniaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 ThailandNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 TogoRisk countryAll countries9 months or older
 Trinidad and TobagoRisk region:
Trinidad		Risk countries1 year or older
 UgandaRisk countryAll countries1 year or older
 United Arab EmiratesNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
 VenezuelaRisk countryRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 Wallis and FutunaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 ZambiaNo riskRisk countries[note 1]1 year or older
 ZimbabweNo riskRisk countries[note 1]9 months or older
  1. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacadaeafagahaiajakalamanaoapaqarasatauavawaxayazbabbbcbdbebfbgbhbibjbkblAlso required for travellers having transited more than 12 hours through a risk country's airport.
  2. ^abcThe WHO has designated (parts of) Argentina, Brazil and Peru as risk countries, but these countries do not require incoming travellers to vaccinate against yellow fever.
  3. ^abcdefghijklmnAlso required for travellers having transited any time through a risk country's airport.

COVID-19 vaccination

[edit]

Many countries increasingly consider the vaccination status of travellers with regard to quarantine requirements or when deciding to allow them entry at all.[326] This is justified by research that shows that thePfizer vaccine effect lasts for six months or so.[327]

Passport requirements

[edit]

Passport not required

[edit]

German identity card is valid for these countries:

  •  EU and Europe (including Gibraltar and except Belarus, Russia, the United Kingdom [for tourism] and Ukraine)[328][196]
  •  Egypt (passport type photo is required on arrival)[80]
  • FranceFrench overseas territories (passport needed if the direct flight has a scheduled intermediate landing in a country that requires a passport)[210]
  •  Georgia[88]
  •  Tunisia (on package holidays)[329]
  •  Turkey[176]
  •  United Kingdom - individuals with pre-settled or settled status, frontier-worker permits and S2 Healthcare Visitors - until at least 31 December 2025.[180]

Blank passport pages

[edit]

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[330] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Passport validity length

[edit]

Many countries require passports to be valid for at least 6 months upon arrival and one or two blank pages.[331]

Countries requiring passports to be valid at least 6 months on arrival includeAfghanistan,Algeria,Bangladesh,Bhutan,Botswana,Brunei,Cambodia,Comoros,Côte d'Ivoire,Ecuador,Egypt,El Salvador,Fiji,Guyana,Haiti,Indonesia,Iran,Iraq (except when arriving atBasra – 3 months andErbil orSulaimaniyah – on arrival),Jordan,Kenya,Kiribati,Kuwait,Laos,Libya,Madagascar,Malaysia,Marshall Islands,Mauritania,Mongolia,Myanmar,Namibia,Nicaragua,Nigeria,Oman,Palau,Papua New Guinea,Philippines,Rwanda,Samoa,Saudi Arabia,Singapore,Solomon Islands,Somalia,Sri Lanka,Sudan,Suriname,Syria,Taiwan,Tanzania,Timor-Leste,Tonga,Tuvalu,Uganda,United Arab Emirates,Vanuatu,Venezuela,Vietnam,Yemen.

Turkey usually requires passports to be valid for at least 5 months (150 days) upon entry, but for German citizens Turkish authorities allow to enter even with passport or identity card expired within last year.[332]

Countries requiring passport validity of at least 4 months on arrival includeAzerbaijan,Micronesia,Zambia.

Countries requiring passport validity of at least 3 months on arrival includeAlbania,Bosnia and Herzegowina,Honduras,Moldova,Nauru,North Macedonia,Panama,Qatar,Senegal and French territories in the Pacific (i.e.French Polynesia,New Caledonia andWallis and Futuna)

Countries requiring passport validity of at least 1 month on arrival includeEritrea,Hong Kong,Lebanon,Macau,Maldives,New Zealand,South Africa

Other countries require either a passport valid on arrival or passport valid throughout the period of intended stay.

Medical passport

[edit]
Main article:International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis

Many African countries, includingBenin,Burkina Faso,Burundi,Cameroon,Central African Republic,Democratic Republic of the Congo,Republic of the Congo,Côte d'Ivoire,Gabon,Guinea-Bissau,Kenya,Liberia,Niger,Rwanda,Sierra Leone andTogo, requireall incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[333] to have a currentInternational Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory ofFrench Guiana.[334]

Entry bans

[edit]

Criminal record

[edit]

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[335] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have acriminal record, while others impose restrictionsdepending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

[edit]

The government of a country can declare a diplomatpersona non grata, banning them from entering the country or expelling them if they have already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreignerpersona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[336]

Israeli stamps

[edit]

Kuwait,[337] Lebanon,[338] Libya,[339] and Yemen[340] do not allow entry to people withpassport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent thisArab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports atBen Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017[update]) stamped atErez when passing into and out ofGaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

[edit]
See also:Biometric identification by country

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, befingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than golandside.[341]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[342][343] Argentina,[344] Brunei, Cambodia,[345] China,[346] Ethiopia,[347] Ghana, Guinea,[348] India, Japan,[349][350] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[351] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[352] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[353] the Schengen Area,[354] Singapore, South Korea,[355] Taiwan, Thailand,[356] Uganda,[357] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implementexit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[358][359][360] intends to implementfacial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[361]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition,iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by theInternational Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use ine-passports[362] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[363][364] The United StatesDepartment of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[365] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[366][367]

Right to consular protection in non-EU countries

[edit]
Diplomatic missions of Germany

In a non-EU country where there is no German embassy, German citizens, like all other EU citizens, have the right to get consular protection from the embassy of any other EU country present in that country.

See alsoList of diplomatic missions of Germany.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Henley Passport Index Global Ranking".Henley & Partners.
  2. ^"中国对法、德等6国试行单方面免签政策的通知".cs.mfa.gov.cn. Retrieved24 November 2023.
  3. ^孙汝."China announces visa-free travel for five European countries and Malaysia".www.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved24 November 2023.
  4. ^Büchenbacher, Katrin (24 November 2023)."China: Visum entfällt für Reisende aus Deutschland ab Dezember".Neue Zürcher Zeitung (in Swiss High German).ISSN 0376-6829. Retrieved30 December 2023.
  5. ^Nangara, Albert (7 October 2022)."Zambia Scraps Visa Requirements for Visiting Foreigners".The Exchange Africa. Retrieved14 February 2023.
  6. ^"Decreto Presidencial n.º 189/23"(PDF) (in Portuguese). Diário da República. 29 September 2023. Retrieved4 October 2023.
  7. ^"DECRETO PRESIDENCIAL Angola isenta cidadãos de 98 países de vistos de turismo".Governo de Angola (in Portuguese). 2 October 2023. Retrieved4 October 2023.
  8. ^"Таджикистан вводит односторонний безвизовый режим для граждан 52 стран". 9 November 2021. Retrieved9 November 2021.
  9. ^"Conditions set for 103 nations exempted from entry visa to Oman".gulfnews.com. 10 December 2020.
  10. ^"Germaniya Federativ Respublikasi fuqarolari uchun vizasiz rejim joriy etildi".Uzbektourism.uz.
  11. ^"Citizens of 32 European countries exempted from visas for Cape Verde from January 1". 29 December 2018.
  12. ^"Five-day visa-free regime to enter into force in Belarus on 12 February 2017". Eng.belta.by. 12 February 2017. Retrieved26 July 2018.
  13. ^"EU signs Visa Waiver Agreement with Solomon Islands - EEAS - European External Action Service - European Commission".EEAS - European External Action Service.
  14. ^"EU and Tuvalu Sign Visa Waiver Agreement". Archived fromthe original on 14 July 2016. Retrieved10 July 2016.
  15. ^PacNews (8 July 2016)."EU and Marshall Islands sign visa-waiver agreement".
  16. ^"Agreement - Consilium".www.consilium.europa.eu.
  17. ^ab"Agreement - Consilium".www.consilium.europa.eu.
  18. ^"São Tomé and Príncipe grants visa exemptions to citizens of Europe and the US". 29 July 2015.
  19. ^Amt, Auswärtiges."Vietnam: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise".Auswärtiges Amt.
  20. ^"Indonesia Formally Waives Visa Requirements for 45 Countries - Jakarta Globe". 12 June 2015.
  21. ^"Resmi, Wisatawan Dari 45 Negara Ini Bebas Visa Kunjungan Wisata Ke Indonesia".Sekretariat Kabinet Republik Indonesia. 12 June 2015.
  22. ^"EU signs visa waiver agreement with Timor Leste".eu2015.lv. Archived fromthe original on 27 May 2015. Retrieved27 May 2015.
  23. ^"EU signs visa waiver agreements with 7 ACP countries - Consilium".www.consilium.europa.eu.
  24. ^"EU signs visa waiver agreement with the United Arab Emirates - Consilium".www.consilium.europa.eu.
  25. ^"Agreement between the European Union and the United Arab Emirates on the short-stay visa waiver".
  26. ^Amt, Auswärtiges."Auswärtiges Amt - Kasachstan: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise".
  27. ^Amt, Auswärtiges."Auswärtiges Amt - Mongolei: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise".
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  299. ^"Lebanon Required Vaccinations: Meningococcal Meningitis".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 20 August 2020. Archived fromthe original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
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  303. ^"Afghanistan Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 1 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  304. ^"Belize Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  305. ^"Brunei Darussalam Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  306. ^"Egypt Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  307. ^"Georgia Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 17 January 2021. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  308. ^"India Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  309. ^"Iran Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  310. ^"Iraq Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 20 January 2021. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  311. ^"Jordan Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  312. ^"Lebanon Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  313. ^"Libya Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  314. ^"Maldives Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  315. ^"Morocco Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  316. ^"Nepal Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 21 September 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  317. ^"Oman Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 15 August 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  318. ^"Pakistan Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  319. ^"Philippines Recommended Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 25 October 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  320. ^"Qatar Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 2 December 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  321. ^"Saint Kitts & Nevis Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  322. ^"Saudi Arabia Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 27 February 2021. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  323. ^"Seychelles Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 4 August 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  324. ^"Syria Required Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  325. ^"Ukraine Recommended Vaccinations: Polio".iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Archived fromthe original on 24 January 2021. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  326. ^Strong, Matthew (17 August 2021)."Palau limits travel bubble with Taiwan to already vaccinated or registered vaccine tourists".Taiwan News. Retrieved18 August 2021.Only travellers already vaccinated and those registered to receive COVID-19 shots in Palau will be allowed to take part in the travel bubble with Taiwan, the Pacific island nation announced Tuesday (Aug. 17).
  327. ^Ian, Sample (1 April 2021)."Pfizer vaccine has 91% efficacy for up to six months, trial shows".The Guardian. Retrieved3 April 2021.He said scientists had become "terribly worried" about the variant's ability to evade immunity from previous infection or vaccination. "Studies like this confirm our sense that the vaccine gives such massive protective headroom that even with some loss of immunity, you're still safe," he said.
  328. ^"Für welche Länder braucht man eigentlich einen Reisepass?".Travelbook (in German). 22 September 2023. Retrieved7 November 2023.
  329. ^"Visum – Tunesische Botschaft in Berlin". Archived fromthe original on 12 December 2023. Retrieved20 November 2023.
  330. ^Baker, Vicky (20 June 2013)."Passport expiry dates and blank pages: what are the rules?".The Guardian. Retrieved13 January 2024.The number of remaining blank pages a passport should have is also an issue. Some travellers have reported arriving with one or less than one full page left and waiting for hours at immigration, until an official reluctantly grants them entry. The FCO lists no hard and fast rules because, in many cases, there aren't any.
  331. ^"International Travel Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived fromthe original on 22 October 2013. Retrieved20 November 2013.
  332. ^"Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Türkiye with their national ID's / Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs".
  333. ^"Yellow Fever".Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved23 August 2021.African countries that requires (sic) Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that require vaccination for all travellers older that 9 months or 1 year: Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameron, Central African Republic, Congo, Côte d'lvoire, DRC, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Niger, Togo.
  334. ^Agence régionale de sante Guyane (2 September 2018)."Fièvre jaune" (in French). Retrieved27 August 2019.
  335. ^Government of Canada -- Overcome criminal convictions
  336. ^"No entry for Modi into US: visa denied | India News - Times of India".The Times of India. 18 March 2005. Retrieved29 September 2020.
  337. ^"Travel Report - Kuwait". Voyage.gc.ca. 16 November 2012. Retrieved1 July 2013.
  338. ^Travel Advice for Lebanon - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and TradeArchived 2008-12-24 at theWayback Machine andLebanese Ministry of TourismArchived 2009-03-27 at theWayback Machine
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  341. ^Calder, Simon (24 April 2017)."Airline lobbying for a relaxation of draconian rules for London-Auckland travellers".The Independent.Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved7 July 2018.Travellers heading west from the UK to New Zealand may soon be able to avoid the onerous requirement to clear US border control during the refuelling stop at Los Angeles airport (LAX). Unlike almost every other country in the world, the US insists on a full immigration check even for passengers who simply intend to re-board their plane to continue onwards to a foreign destination. Air New Zealand, which flies daily from Heathrow via Los Angeles to Auckland, says there are currently "strict requirements for travellers" in transit at LAX. Through passengers to Auckland on flight NZ1 or Heathrow on NZ2 must apply in advance for an ESTA (online visa) even though they have no intention of staying in the US. They also have to undergo screening by the Transportation Security Administration.
  342. ^"How to enter Afghanistan. The Entry Requirements for Afghanistan - CountryReports".Countryreports.org.
  343. ^Nordland, Rod (19 November 2011)."In Afghanistan, Big Plans to Gather Biometric Data".The New York Times.
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  346. ^"China to Start Fingerprinting Foreign Visitors".Air Canada. 31 January 2019. Retrieved7 July 2018.Effective 27 April 2018, border control authorities at all of China's ports of entry, including its airports, will start collecting the fingerprints of all foreign visitors aged between 14 and 70. Diplomatic passport holders and beneficiaries of reciprocal agreements are exempted..
  347. ^"Äthiopien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise".Auswaertiges-amt.de.
  348. ^"Visa".paf.gov.gn.
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  351. ^"Immigration & Visas FAQs".Kenya Airports Authority. Retrieved6 May 2019.Will visitors still have their digital photo and fingerprints taken at the immigration desk on arrival? Yes, the need to have photos and fingerprints taken upon arrival is to authenticate that the person who applied for the Visa is the same person at the port of entry
  352. ^"Malaysia".CountryReports. Retrieved7 July 2018.
  353. ^"Saudi Arabia mandates fingerprints and biometrics for foreigners - SecureIDNews".secureidnews.com. Retrieved3 March 2017.
  354. ^"The new Entry/Exit System went live on 12 October - Migration and Home Affairs".home-affairs.ec.europa.eu. Retrieved27 January 2026.
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  356. ^"National News Bureau of Thailand".
  357. ^AfricaNews (14 January 2019)."Gemalto awarded Uganda's new e-Immigration solution with fast-track border crossing eKiosks at Entebbe Airport".Africanews. Retrieved24 April 2019.
  358. ^Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016)."Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process".Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved25 April 2019.While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  359. ^Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013)."U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border".The New York Times. Retrieved25 April 2019.Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  360. ^Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006)."Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave".The New York Times. Retrieved25 April 2019.Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
  361. ^Campoy, Ana (17 April 2019)."The US wants to scan the faces of all air passengers leaving the country".Quartz. Retrieved24 April 2019.
  362. ^"ICAO Document 9303: Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 9: Deployment of Biometric Identification and Electronic Storage of Data in MRTDs, 7th edition"(PDF). 2015. Retrieved23 April 2019.
  363. ^"Iris Scan Implemented at Doha International Airport".Archived from the original on 8 January 2012.
  364. ^"Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE".SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved7 July 2018.The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
  365. ^Roberts, Jeff John (12 September 2016)."Homeland Security Plans to Expand Fingerprint and Eye Scanning at Borders".Fortune. Fortune Media IP Limited. Retrieved24 April 2019.Unlike with documents, it's very hard for a traveler to present a forged copy of a fingerprint or iris. That's why the U.S. Department of Homeland Security plans to vastly expand the amount of biometric data it collects at the borders. According to Passcode, a new program will ramp up a process to scan fingers and eyes in order to stop people entering and exiting the country on someone else's passport.
  366. ^"Singapore tests eye scans at immigration checkpoints".Reuters. 6 August 2018. Retrieved24 April 2019.Singapore has started scanning travellers' eyes at some of its border checkpoints, its immigration authority said on Monday, in a trial of expensive technology that could one day replace fingerprint verification.
  367. ^Lee, Vivien (6 August 2018)."5 Reasons We Prefer Iris Scans To Fingerprint Checks At Our Borders In Singapore". Retrieved24 April 2019.The iris technology could potentially scan irises covertly, as opposed to the scanning of thumbprints which necessitates active participation.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ETA required forAustralia,Canada if arriving by air,Israel,Kenya,New Zealand,Saint Kitts and Nevis,Seychelles,United Kingdom and theUnited States
  2. ^IncludingAustralian eVisitor.
  3. ^IncludingIndonesian e-VOA.
  4. ^
  5. ^
  6. ^
    • Savannakhet Airport
    • Lanetoui - Mengkang (China)
    • Meuangmom - Wan Pong (Myanmar)
    • Banvang - Ban Khok Phai (Thailand)
    • Namngeun - Huay Kon (Thailand)
    • Paksan - Bueng Kan (Thailand)
    • Paktaphan - Pak Saeng (Thailand)
    • Pangmon - Ban Huak (Thailand)
    • Phoudou (Thailand)
    • Dak ta ock - Nam Giang (Vietnam)
    • La Lai (Vietnam)
    • Namkan (Vietnam)
    • Namphao - Cau Treo (Vietnam)
    • Namsoy - Na Meo (Vietnam)
    • Naphao - Cha Lo (Vietnam)
    • Pahang - Long Sap (Vietnam)
    • Panghok - Tây Trang (Vietnam)
    • Phoukeua - Bo Y (Vietnam)
  7. ^
    • Vientiane (Friendship Bridge 1)
    • Savannakhet (Friendship Bridge 2)
    • Bokeo (Friendship Bridge 4)
  8. ^
    • Vientiane (Friendship Bridge 1)
    • Savannakhet (Friendship Bridge 2)
    • Khammouane (Friendship Bridge 3)
    • Bokeo (Friendship Bridge 4)
  9. ^
    • Nongnokkheane - Trapeang Kriel (Cambodia)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)
    • Golden Triangle/Samliemkham (Thailand)
    • Khamsavath railway station (Thailand)
    • Namheuang - Ban Na Kraseng (Thailand)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Dansavan - Lao Bảo (Vietnam)
  10. ^Saudi Arabia: in the Hajj and Umrah zones only
Visa policy by country
Africa
Americas
Asia
Europe
Oceania
Historical

1British Overseas Territories.2 These countries span the conventional boundary between Europe and Asia.3 Partially recognized.4Unincorporated territory of the United States.5 Part of the Kingdom of Denmark.6Egypt spans the boundary between Africa and Asia.7 Unrecognized state.

Visa requirements by citizenship
Africa
Americas
Asia
Europe
Oceania
Other

1British Overseas Territories.2Azerbaijan,Georgia,Turkey,Kazakhstan,Russia and the partially recognised republics ofAbkhazia andSouth Ossetia each span the conventional boundary between Europe and Asia.3Cyprus,Armenia, and the partially recognised republic ofNorthern Cyprus are entirely in Western Asia but have socio-political connections with Europe.4Egypt spans the boundary between Africa and Asia.5 Partially recognized.

Immigration law
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