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It is situated northeast ofLyon, with which it forms the heart of the second-largest metropolitan area in France after that ofParis. Villeurbanne is the second-largest commune in the metropolitan area of Lyon and the 20th most populated in France, and the most populous commune that is neither a prefecture nor a sub-prefecture.[3] In 2013, Villeurbanne was elected the city with the best administration of France, which attracts more and more people.
The current location of downtown Villeurbanne is known to have been inhabited as far back as 6000 BC. Its current name comes from aGallo-Roman farming area, established at about the same time as Lyon (thenLugdunum) and known as theVilla Urbana ("town house"). It would then becomeUrbanum, thenVilla Urbane and, ultimately,Villeurbanne.
Villeurbanne has belonged to the kingdom of France since 1349. It was then separated from La Guillotière (A former city lately incorporated into Lyon as the 3rd, 6th, 7th and 8th Arrondissement) by the riverLa Rize, a former branch of theRhône River.
Until the 19th century, the city was merely a patchwork of distinct villages separated by fields and undeveloped land. These villages have mostly survived, and nowadays form the neighborhoods of Charpennes, Cusset, Croix-Luizet, Maisons-Neuves, etc.
With the industrial era, Villeurbanne's economy soared: the textile industry was the first to bloom, followed by mechanical and chemical ones. The factories lured in numerous immigrants, most notably from Italy.
Transforming from a rural community to an industrial town, Villeurbanne underwent a tremendous demographic boom in the late 1920s. From 3,000 inhabitants in 1928, its population rocketed to 82,000 in 1931. MayorLazare Goujon (elected 1924) engaged the city in a vast public works initiative. Arguably the most visible heritage of this program is theGratte-Ciel [fr], a housing complex made up of twoArt Deco towers and annex smaller buildings, lining up along the Avenue Henri Barbusse. These structures built between 1924 and 1934 are the work of architectMôrice Leroux, with a contribution of Tony Garnier. They are one of the most notable Art Deco structures in France and the 19-story twin towers have become an emblem of the city.
Institution Scolaire Immaculée Conception is a private school from elementary to high school/sixth-form with three campuses, two elementary and one secondary.[11]
École Beth Menahem (a Jewish school from preschool to senior high/sixth-form)[12]
TheAssociation Pour le Developpement de la Langue et de la Culture Japonaises (ADLCJ; リヨン補習授業校Riyon Hoshū Jugyō Kō), apart-time Japanese supplementary school, is held in theMaison Berty Albrecht in Villeurbanne.[13] It was formed in 1987.[14]
Villeurbanne is well served by the Lyon area public transit system, the TCL (Transports en Commun Lyonnais). The east branch ofsubway line A runs through the city heart, and the newtramway lines T1 and T4 connects theLa Doua campus to the Lyon business and commercial district ofLa Part-Dieu and thePresqu'île downtown.
In terms of population, Villeurbanne is the second largest city in the Metropolis of Lyon, the fourth largest in theAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, and the 21st largest in France.
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