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Villers-Cotterêts

Coordinates:49°15′36″N3°05′26″E / 49.26°N 3.0906°E /49.26; 3.0906
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Commune in Hauts-de-France, France
Villers-Cotterêts
Main square with a statue of Alexandre Dumas père and church
Main square with a statue ofAlexandre Dumaspère and church
Coat of arms of Villers-Cotterêts
Coat of arms
Map
Location of Villers-Cotterêts
Villers-Cotterêts is located in France
Villers-Cotterêts
Villers-Cotterêts
Show map of France
Villers-Cotterêts is located in Hauts-de-France
Villers-Cotterêts
Villers-Cotterêts
Show map of Hauts-de-France
Coordinates:49°15′36″N3°05′26″E / 49.26°N 3.0906°E /49.26; 3.0906
CountryFrance
RegionHauts-de-France
DepartmentAisne
ArrondissementSoissons
CantonVillers-Cotterêts
Government
 • Mayor(2020–2026)Franck Briffaut[1] (RN)
Area
1
41.71 km2 (16.10 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[2]
10,376
 • Density248.8/km2 (644.3/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
02810 /02600
Elevation65–226 m (213–741 ft)
(avg. 120 m or 390 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Villers-Cotterêts (pronounced[vilɛʁkɔt(ə)ʁɛ]) is acommune in theAisnedepartment inHauts-de-France,France. It is notable as the signing-place in 1539 of theOrdinance of Villers-Cotterêts discontinuing the use of Latin in official French documents, and as the birthplace in 1802 of French novelistAlexandre Dumas père.

Geography

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It is located 80 km (50 mi) NE ofParis via theRN2 facingLaon. Its nicknamePetite villa sur la côte de Retz meansLittle villa by the coast of Retz, as the town is situated next to theForest of Retz, which covers 130 km2 (50 sq mi) of land.

History

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Villers-Cotterêts is famous in French law because of theOrdinance of Villers-Cotterêts of 1539 signed by kingFrancis I of France ('François Ier'), which madeFrench the official language in the kingdom instead of regional languages likeOccitan or the elite Europeanlingua franca of the time,Latin.

In 1914, theBritish Expeditionary Force fought a rearguard action here during theRetreat from Mons. On 1 September, the British 4th (Guards) Brigade who were covering the withdrawal of2nd Division, came into contact with the leading units of theGerman III Corps on the edge of woodland near Villers-Cotterêts. The brigade lost more than 300 men in the encounter, but were able to break away and continue the withdrawal.[3] Many are buried atGuards' Grave, amilitary cemetery maintained by theCommonwealth War Graves Commission.[4] An ancillary hospital to that ofRoyaumont was set up in the town and a silent documentary about it was made.[5][6]

La Plaine Saint-Rémy, Pisseleux, was an ancient commune that was merged with Villers-Cotterêts in 1971.

Population

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The inhabitants are calledCottevreziens in French.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
17932,400—    
18002,327−0.44%
18062,273−0.39%
18212,543+0.75%
18312,688+0.56%
18362,692+0.03%
18413,481+5.28%
18463,465−0.09%
18513,602+0.78%
18562,609−6.25%
18612,764+1.16%
18663,396+4.20%
18723,119−1.41%
18763,206+0.69%
18813,811+3.52%
18863,790−0.11%
18914,582+3.87%
18964,772+0.82%
YearPop.±% p.a.
19014,981+0.86%
19065,381+1.56%
19115,654+0.99%
19214,208−2.91%
19264,610+1.84%
19314,612+0.01%
19365,070+1.91%
19463,607−3.35%
19543,917+1.04%
19625,489+4.31%
19686,313+2.36%
19758,949+5.11%
19828,380−0.93%
19908,867+0.71%
19999,839+1.16%
200710,090+0.32%
201210,669+1.12%
201710,872+0.38%
Source: EHESS[7] and INSEE (1968-2017)[8]

Notable residents

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  • Charles Baur (1929–2015), Mayor of Villers-Cotterêts (1953–1989), President of the Regional Council ofPicardy (1976–1978, 1985–2004)[9]

Sports

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The town was the start of Stage 4 in the2007 Tour de France.

Sights

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The original château was built around 950 AD and was burnt to the ground twice before being rebuilt out of stone in the early 12th century. The front entrance is the only original remaining structure, which is listed with theHistoric Monument Registry at the École des Beaux Arts. Francis I purchased the château from the de Noüe family to house his mistressAnne de Pisseleu d'Heilly. TheChâteau de Noüe [fr] was updated with 18th-centuryrégence decoration byGilles-Marie Oppenordt. The current owner is the Pépinières du Valois, an agricultural venture.

In 1902 the city opened aMuseum Alexandre Dumas to gather souvenirs about the family. In 1952 the museum moved to a local 19th century mansion that served asGeneral Maunoury's headquarters during the First World War. It has three rooms, each of them dedicated to one of the family members,[10] being the generalThomas-Alexandre Dumas, his son novelistAlexandre Dumaspère and grandson novelist/playwrightAlexandre Dumasfils.

See also

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Gallery

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References

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  1. ^"Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 6 June 2023.
  2. ^"Populations de référence 2022" (in French). National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 19 December 2024.
  3. ^Mons 1914: the BEF's Tactical Triumph by David Lomas and Ed Dovey, Osprey Publishing, 1997 p.85
  4. ^"CWGC - Cemetery Details".Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Retrieved16 June 2012.
  5. ^"Scottish Women's Hospitals: A field hospital on the front line during the First World War".Scotland on Screen. Retrieved7 January 2022.
  6. ^Cornelis, Marlene (2020)."The Scottish Women's Hospitals: the first World War and the careers of early medical women".Medicine, Conflict and Survival.36 (2):174–194.doi:10.1080/13623699.2020.1748320.PMID 32249598.S2CID 214811345.
  7. ^Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui:Commune data sheet Villers-Cotterêts,EHESS(in French).
  8. ^Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  9. ^Alberts, Jennifer (5 January 2015)."Charles Baur, emblématique président du Conseil Régional de Picardie, est décédé".France 3. Retrieved29 January 2015.
  10. ^"Page du musée sur le site internet de la mairie". Archived fromthe original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved8 October 2021.

External links

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