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Vijayakanth

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Indian actor and politician (1952–2023)

Vijayakanth
Vijaykanth in 2015
Leader of the Opposition in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly
In office
27 May 2011 – 21 February 2016
Chief Minister
Preceded byJ. Jayalalithaa
Succeeded byM. K. Stalin
Member of theTamil Nadu Legislative Assembly
In office
23 May 2011 – 21 May 2016
Preceded byS. Sivaraj
Succeeded byVasantham K. Karthikeyan
ConstituencyRishivandiyam
In office
29 May 2006 – 14 May 2011
Preceded byR. Govindasamy
Succeeded byV. Muthukumar
ConstituencyVriddhachalam
President ofDesiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam
In office
14 September 2005 – 28 December 2023
Preceded byPosition established
Succeeded byPosition abolished
General Secretary of Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam
In office
1 June 2014 – 14 December 2023
Preceded byS. Ramu Vasanthan
Succeeded byPremalatha
President ofSouth Indian Artistes' Association
In office
2000–2006
Preceded byRadha Ravi
Succeeded byR. Sarathkumar
Personal details
BornVijayaraj Alagarswami
(1952-08-25)25 August 1952
Died28 December 2023(2023-12-28) (aged 71)
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Resting placeKoyambedu, Chennai
Political partyDesiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam
Spouse
Premalatha Vijayakanth
​
​
(m. 1990)​
Children2
Occupation
  • actor
  • director
  • film producer
  • philanthropist
  • politician
AwardsPadma Bhushan (2024) (posthumous)
Kalaimamani (2001)[1]
Nicknames
  • Captain
  • BlackM.G.R.
  • Puratchi Kalaignar

Vijayaraj Alagarswami (25 August 1952 – 28 December 2023), known by his stage nameVijayakanth, was an Indian actor, filmmaker, philanthropist and politician. He worked inTamil cinema in a career spanning four decades. He ventured into politics in the later part of his career and founded his own partyDesiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam.

Vijayakanth acted inover 150 films in his career. Some of his popular films includeVaidehi Kathirunthal (1984),Amman Kovil Kizhakale (1986),Poonthotta Kaavalkaaran (1988),Senthoora Poove (1988),Pulan Visaranai (1990),Chinna Gounder (1992),Honest Raj (1994),Thayagam (1996),Vaanathaippola (2000) andRamanaa (2002). He was nicknamed "Captain" following his role in the filmCaptain Prabhakaran (1991). He was also credited as "Puratchi Kalaignar" (revolutionary artist) in the film titles as he often appeared in roles as a law enforcer, vigilante, or avillage head. He won twoFilmfare Awards South, threeTamil Nadu State Film Awards and was awarded theKalaimamani title in 2001.

Vijayakanth served as the president of theNadigar Sangam (actors association) from 2000 to 2006. He is credited with bringing the association out of debt and establishing acharitable trust that paid pension to low-income members of the film industry. He was likened to formerTamil Nadu Chief MinisterM. G. Ramachandran for his humanitarian work and for his role in supporting impoverished personnel from the Tamil film industry. He accepted deferred remuneration for certain films to help struggling film producers and also preached for food equality on film sets, demanding that all the crew members must be given the same quality meals that he was served.

After founding his own party in 2005, he served as aMember of Legislative Assembly for two terms from 2006 to 2016, representing the constituencies ofVirudhachalam andRishivandiyam respectively. He led his party to win the second-most seats in the2011 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election and served as theleader of the opposition in theTamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from 2011 to 2016. He remained as the leader of his party until his death in 2023. He was known for his "open and bold stance" during his political career. In January 2024, he wasposthumously awarded India's third-highest civilian honour, thePadma Bhushan, by theGovernment of India.

Early and personal life

[edit]

Vijayakanth was born as Vijayaraj Alagarswami inMadurai on 25 August 1952.[2][3][4] His parents were K. N. Alagarswami and Aandal.[5] Vijayakanth grew up idolisingM. G. Ramachandran and displayed passion towards community and societal issues.[6] During his young age, his father was concerned about Vijayakanth as he showed less interest towards studies and was more interested in cinema.[7] His father ran arice mill at Keeraithurai where Vijayakanth went on to work and surprised him with his administrative skills.[8]

Vijayakanth married Premalatha on 31 January 1990 and had two sons. His sonShanmuga Pandian is also an actor.[9][10]

Film career

[edit]
Further information:Vijayakanth filmography

1978 to 1989: Early career

[edit]

In 1978, Vijayakanth engaged in aphoto shoot in Rasi Studios in Madurai with the aim of acting in films, which helped him garner attention.[11] He later gave credit to the chief photographer R. Asaithambi, indicating that the photographs eventually helped him earn a spot in the film industry.[12] Vijayakanth traveled to Chennai to pursue his passion in acting, even though he did not have any cinematic background.[6] He was cast in a supporting role asRajnikanth's younger brother inEn Kelvikku Enna Bathil (1978) by the directorP. Madhavan, for which he received an advance of₹100 (equivalent to₹2,700 or US$32 in 2023).[13] However, he was later replaced byCeylon Manohar after the director was unimpressed with Vijayakanth's acting.[14][15] He claimed to have lost several film opportunities during the early stages of his acting career largely due to his darker complexion.[16][17][18] In 1979, Vijayakanth made his first film appearance in M. A. Kaja'sInikkum Ilamai (1979), when he was first credited with his screen name "Vijayakanth".[19] The film was a critical and commercial failure.[20] Though his subsequent filmsAgal Vilakku (1979),Neerottam (1980) andSamanthipoo (1980) also did not perform well at thebox office, his filmDoorathu Idi Muzhakkam was screened at theInternational Film Festival of India.[21] The later film was lauded by viewers and became a turning point in his career.[22]

Vijayakanth (third from the right) during his early film career.

In the next few years, Vijayakanth often portrayed the character of an angry young man in films with revolutionary story lines such asSivappu Malli (1981) andJadhikkoru Needhi (1981).[20] He became a popular commercial hero after his role inSattam Oru Iruttarai (1981), directed byS. A. Chandrasekhar, with whom he collaborated in numerous films thereafter.[23] The film became a hit and was remade in several other Indian languages.[24] He played thevillain inOm Shakti (1982), which was his last antagonist part in a film.[25] His subsequent commercial films includedDowry Kalyanam (1983),Nooravathu Naal (1984) andVaidhegi Kaathirunthaal (1984), which became successes.[23] He became lead actor to appear in the most films in 1984.[26] He acted inAnnai Bhoomi (1985), the first3D film made in the Tamil film industry, alongsideRadha Ravi andTiger Prabhakar.[27] He co-starred withVishnuvardhan inEetti (1985) and acted in the commercially successful romantic comedyNaane Raja Naane Mandhiri (1985).[28][29] He went on to act inAmman Kovil Kizhakale (1986), which earned him aFilmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil; the film ran for 150 days in theatres.[30] In 1986, he appeared inManakanakku, the only film in which he worked alongsideKamal Haasan.[31]

Vijayakanth's next film wasOomai Vizhigal (1986), which became a cult classic and was lauded as a film way ahead of its time.[32][33][34] It portrayed him in a role of an aged cop and made him one of the popular actors of the time alongside Rajinikanth, and Kamal Haasan.[35] In 1987, he co-starred withSivaji Ganesan inVeerapandiyan, and acted inNinaive Oru Sangeetham. He was given the epithet "Puratchi Kalaigner" by film's producerKalaipuli S. Thanu after his performance inCooliekkaran.[36] On 21 October 1987, Vijayakanth had two theatrical releases as bothUzhavan Magan andSattam Oru Vilayaattu, both of which were commercially successful.[37]Uzhavan Magan also marked the first collaboration between Vijayakanth and his longtime friendIbrahim Rowther, who produced the film.[38] In 1988, he worked in films such asTherkathi Kallan,Nallavan andPoonthotta Kaavalkaaran.[39] He won aTamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor for his performance inSenthoora Poove.[40][41] In 1989, he starred in the commercially successful filmsPaattukku Oru Thalaivan, andPonmana Selvan.[42] This was followed by the crime thrillerRajanadai and devotional filmMeenakshi Thiruvilayadal.[43]

1990 to 1999: Action roles

[edit]
Vijayakanth with thenChief Minister of Tamil NaduM. Karunanidhi and directorK. Balachandar in a function in 1997.

In the 1990s, Vijayakanth established himself as an action icon with a consistent box-office appeal. He was best known for low-budget films that often featured gravity-defying stunts in which he would single-handedly dispatch his enemies.[44] Rowther produced many of his films and played an instrumental role in Vijayakanth's rise as an actor in the early 1990s. He also assisted Vijayakanth in choosing the film scripts.[45] Rowther and Vijayakanth combined for many of the films includingPulan Visaranai (1990),Captain Prabhakaran (1991),Bharathan (1992),Rajadurai (1993),Sakkarai Devan (1993),En Aasai Machan (1994),Gandhi Pirantha Mann (1995),Karuppu Nila (1995),Ulavuthurai (1998),Dharma (1998) andSimmasanam (2000).[46]Pulan Visaranai, which was directed byR. K. Selvamani and featuredR. Sarathkumar as the antagonist, became one of the most popular crime thrillers of the time.[47][48][49] He later starred as an honest cop in the hit flickSathriyan, produced byMani Ratnam.[24] After the success ofPulan Visaranai, he collaborated with Selvamani forCaptain Prabhakaran (1991), which was Vijayakanth's 100th film.[50] The film became one of the highest grossing films in 1991 and ran for over 500 days in theaters.[51][52] He got the sobriquet "captain" after the success of the film.[53][51]

Vijayakanth acted in the moviesMaanagara Kaaval andMoondrezhuthil En Moochirukkum in the same year. In 1992, he appeared in the role of a village chief in the filmChinna Gounder, which turned out to be an experimental film and a cult classic in the later years.[54][55] The song "Antha Vaanatha Pola" from the movie became popular, and eventually became a popularmeme in the later years.[56] He later appeared in films such asKoyil Kaalai (1993),Ezhai Jaathi (1993),Sakkarai Devan (1993),Rajadurai (1993) andEnga Muthalali (1993). He co-starred withVijay inSenthoorapandi (1993), where he plays the role of elder brother.[57][58] He played an extended cameo role in this film for which he did not take any remuneration.[57][59][60] In 1994, he appeared inSethupathi IPS,Honest Raj,Pathavi Pramanam,En Aasai Machan andPeriya Marudhu.[58][61] His later films includedKaruppu Nila (1995),Thirumoorthy (1995) andGandhi Pirantha Mann (1995). He won aTamil Nadu State Film Award Special Prize for his performance in the action filmThayagam (1996).[40] This was followed byTamizh Selvan andAlexander in 1996.[62] In 1997, he appeared in the filmDharma Chakkaram which was directed byK. S. Ravikumar.[63] He acted in his 125th filmUlavuthurai in 1998, followed byDharma (1998) andVeeram Vilanja Mannu in the same year. In 1999, he acted inKallazhagar, andPeriyanna, in which he acted alongsideSuriya.[64] He later starred inR. B. Choudary's production,Kannupada Poguthaiya.[65]

2000 to 2009: Experienced roles

[edit]

In 2000, Vijayakanth played a dual role inVaanathai Pola, a rural family drama directed byVikraman, which won two awards; aTamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Film of the year andNational Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment.[24][66] His acting inVallarasu received widespread attention, in which he played a cop who took on a terrorist group.[58] He played three different roles in his next movieSimmasanam.[67] He acted in action filmsVaanchinathan (2001) directed byShaji Kailas andNarasimha (2001). Though the later failed at the box office, Vijayakanth was praised for his action, and the film became a unique component in Tamil pop culture.[58][68][69]Narasimha was considered as aspiritual sequel toVallarasu.[58] He made a cameo appearance inViswanathan Ramamoorthy and appeared in a dual role in the village dramaThavasi (2001).[70][71] His next filmRaajjiyam (2002) failed to deliver in the box office and it turned out to be abox office bomb.[72] In 2002, he acted in guest appearance inDevan, directed byArun Pandian.[73]

Vijayakanth at a function in 2007.

Vijayakanth collaborated with directorAR Murugadoss inRamanaa, in which he underplayed an action hero and anti-corruption crusader.[74] The film won a Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Film of the year and the film became commercially successful.[75] In 2003, he had two releases,Chokka Thangam, a family drama andThennavan, a political film. In 2004, he appeared in acomedy-drama,Engal Anna which was a commercial success.[76] However, his next filmsGajendra andNeranja Manasu, which were released in the same year, received negative reviews.[77] Later, he did a special appearance in Suriya's filmMaayavi (2005).[78] In 2006, he acted in three action films,Sudesi,Perarasu andDharmapuri, all of which failed to deliver at the box office and received negative reviews from critics.[79] The following year, he starred inSabari (2007) and his 150th film wasArasangam (2008), which was about a police officer who discovers and unravels the mystery behind a terrorist plot.[80] He acted in the dramaMariyadhai (2009), in his second colloboration with director Vikraman, followed by the action filmEngal Aasan (2009), in which he co-starred withVikranth.[81][82]

2010 to 2015: Later projects

[edit]

In 2010, Vijayakanth acted and directed the film,Virudhagiri, a remake of the French filmTaken.[83][84] After a hiatus of five years, he made a cameo appearance in his son Shanmuga Pandian's first filmSagaptham in 2015.[85] In November 2015, he started acting in Arun Ponnambalam'sThamizhan Endru Sol, alongside his son. The film was later suspended due to Vijayakanth's political commitments and his deteriorating health.[86] In 2022, directorVijay Milton attempted to rope in Vijayakanth in a short role for his filmMazhai Pidikatha Manithan alongsideVijay Antony.[87] The film later went ahead without Vijayakanth due to his health issues.[88] In a film career spanning more than 30 years, he acted in 154 movies.[89]

Political career

[edit]

On 14 September 2005, Vijayakanth announced the formation ofDesiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam (DMDK), a regional political party atMadurai.[90][91] His party contested in all the 234 seats in[92][93] As per the results, the party secured higher number of votes than the winning margins of candidates in about 25 constituencies.[94] The party contested without an alliance in the2009 Indian general elections and secured about 10.28% of the votes in Tamil Nadu.[95][96] In the2011 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, the party contested as a part of theAIADMK-led alliance.[97][98] Vijayakanth led the party's campaign for the elections despite opposition from other party leaders such asS. Ramadoss, the founder ofPattali Makkal Katchi, who expressed his dissatisfaction with people from the film industry entering politics.[99][100] During the runup to the elections, Vijayakanth developed a feud with actorVadivelu, Vijayakanth's co-star in a number of his films.[101][102] This led to attack of Vadivelu's residence by men, whom Vadivelu claimed were from Vijayakanth's party and subsequent legal cases.[103] This was refuted by Vijayakanth.[104] Vadivelu subsequently campaigned against Vijayakanth in the elections.[105][106]

Vijayakanth with his party delegation in a meeting withPrime MinisterNarendra Modi in 2015.

DMDK won 29 seats and emerged as the second largest party in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly.[107][108] Vijayakanth won fromRishivandiyam, after securing 53.2% of the votes polled.[109] Following its performance in the 2011 assembly elections, DMDK was officially recognised as astate party by theElection Commission of India and Vijayakanth was elected as theLeader of Opposition in the Tamil Nadu assembly.[110][111] Over the next two years, rifts developed between Vijayakanth and thenChief Minister of Tamil Nadu and leader of AIADMKJayalalithaa, which resulted in separation between the two alliance partners.[112][113][114] For the2014 Indian general elections, Vijayakanth entered into theNational Democratic Alliance led by theBharatiya Janata Party.[115] His party contested 14 seats but did not win a single seat.[116]

In February 2016, Vijayakanth lost his position as the Leader of Opposition in the Tamil Nadu assembly after ten of his partyMLAs resigned from the assembly.[117] For the2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly elections, he led thePeople's Welfare Front alliance.[118] During the election campaign, he criticised actorRajinikanth, which caused backlash from the supporters of Rajinikanth.[119][120][121] He was also criticised for making obscene gestures in public, often towards journalists.[122][123] This led to severalmemes targeting him in the social media.[124][125] He lost the election fromUlundurpet toR. Kumaraguru of the AIADMK and his party-led alliance failed to win any seats in the assembly.[126][127] Despite being part of the winning alliance, his party fared poorly and failed to win any seat in the subsequent2019 Indian general elections.[128] In the2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, his party secured just 0.43% of the total votes polled.[129][130] He continued to serve as the general secretary of DMDK till his death in December 2023.[131] He was often known for his "open and bold stance" during his political career.[132]

Election results

[edit]
ElectionsAssemblyConstituencyPartyResultVote percentageOpposition CandidateOpposition PartyOpposition vote percentage
200613thVridhachalamDMDKWon40.49R. GovindasamyPMK31.2[92]
201114thRishivandiyamDMDKWon53.19S. SivarajINC35.22[109]
201615thUlundurpetDMDKLost15.14R. KumaraguruAIADMK36.03[127]

Positions held

[edit]
ElectionsPositionElected constituencyTerm in office
AssumedLeftTime in office
2006Member of Legislative AssemblyVriddhachalam17 May 200614 May 20114 years, 362 days
2011Leader of the OppositionRishivandiyam27 May 201121 February 20164 years, 270 days
2011Member of Legislative AssemblyRishivandiyam22 February 201621 May 201689 days

Other work

[edit]

During his film career, Vijayakanth accepted deferred remuneration for certain films to help struggling film producers and also preached for food equality on film sets, demanding that all the crew members must be given the same quality meals that he was served.[133][134] He was involved in philanthropic work and offered food and meals through his office.[135] He had also assisted several actors by offering consultancy and required financial help.[136] In 2000, Vijayakanth was elected as the president ofSouth Indian Film Artistes' Association and served till 2006. He is credited with bringing the association out of debt.[137][138] He led the establishment of acharitable trust that paid pension to low-income members of the film industry.[139][140]

In 2001, Vijayakanth foundedShri Andal Alagar College of Engineering. Vijayakanth launched a television channelCaptain TV on 14 April 2010.[141] Vijayakanth later launched a news channelCaptain News on 29 August 2012.[142]

Health decline and death

[edit]

Since mid-2010s, Vijayakanth faced health issues, as his speech slurred and he was unsteady during some political rallies and speeches. In 2017, he remarked thatthyroid problems affected hisvocal cord.[143] In 2020, he tested positive forCOVID-19, after which he had limited public appearance, often sporting a face mask.[144] In 2022, he underwent surgery to amputate three of his toes due to complications fromdiabetes, which confined Vijayakanth towheelchair.[145] In November 2023, he was admitted to hospital due to liver-related issues and tested positive forCOVID-19 while he was in the hospital.[146][147]

On 28 December 2023, Vijayakanth died at the age of 71.[148][149][150] His death was condoled by various political leaders,[151][152][153] and members of the film industry.[154][155][156] TheGovernment of Tamil Nadu announced full state honours for his funeral.[157] His body was keptin state at his residence inSaligramam, later at theIsland Grounds for the public to pay their tributes.[158] On the evening of 29 December 2023, his body was taken on a public procession and thelast rites were performed. He wasburied with state honours in asandalwood casket in the premises of the headquarters of Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam inKoyambedu.[159][160] On 3 January 2024, theIndian prime ministerNarendra Modi wrote a tribute to Vijayakanth on his website.[161][162]

Awards and honors

[edit]

Vijayakanth won twoFilmfare Awards South, threeTamil Nadu State Film Awards and was awarded theKalaimamani title in 2001.[163] In January 2024, he wasposthumously awarded India's third-highest civilian honour, thePadma Bhushan, by theGovernment of India.[164][165]

Vijayakanth was credited as "Puratchi Kalaignar" (revolutionary artist) and "Captain" in the film titles as he often appeared in roles as a law enforcer, vigilante, or avillage head.[166][167][168] In 2014, an ex-serviceman lodged a complaint against Vijayakanth at theMadras High Court for using the title "captain", arguing that the term is attached to theIndian Army, is an insult to servicemen and is illegal for common people to use it.[169] He was listed amongst the top 20 best Tamil actors of all time byCinemaholic in 2022.[170] He was likened to formerTamil Nadu Chief MinisterM. G. Ramachandran for his humanitarian work and was often referred to as "Black M.G.R.".[171]

References

[edit]
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Further reading

[edit]
  • Pamela Price; Arild Engelsen Ruud, eds. (2010).Power and Influence in India: Bosses, Lords and Captains. New Delhi:Routledge India.ISBN 978-0-415-58595-8.

External links

[edit]
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