Victoria University

Former names	Upper Canada Academy (1836–1841) Victoria College (1841–1884)
Motto	Abeunt studia in mores
Motto in English	Studies pass into character
Type	Federated college of theUniversity of Toronto
Established	October 12, 1836; 189 years ago (1836-10-12)
Parent institution	University of Toronto
Affiliation	Faculty of Arts and Science
Religious affiliation	United Church of Canada formerlyMethodist (1836–1925)
Endowment	C$572.3 million (2024)[1]
Chancellor	Nick Saul
President	Rhonda N. McEwen
Principal	Alex Eric Hernandez (Victoria College), HyeRan Kim-Cragg (Emmanuel College)
Undergraduates	3,475 (2021)[2]
Location	Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Campus	Urban (St. George)
Colors	Scarlet and gold
Mascot	Lion
Website	vicu.utoronto.ca

Victoria University is afederated college of theUniversity of Toronto located at theSt. George campus indowntown Toronto. The school was founded in 1836 by theWesleyan Methodist Church of Canada as anonsectarian literary institution.^[3][4][5][6] From 1841 to 1890, Victoria operated as an independent degree-grantinguniversity, before federating with theUniversity of Toronto in 1890, relocating fromCobourg toToronto.^[7][8]

The school consists of two academic colleges:

• Victoria College, theundergraduate college of Victoria University, which serves as one of the seven colleges in the University of TorontoFaculty of Arts and Science.
• Emmanuel College, the postgraduatetheological college of Victoria University, affiliated with theUnited Church of Canada and theToronto School of Theology.^[9]

Victoria is situated in the northeastern part of the University of Toronto campus, adjacent to theUniversity of St. Michael's College andQueen's Park. Among its residential halls isAnnesley Hall, aNational Historic Site of Canada. A major centre forRenaissance andReformation studies, the university is home to international scholarly projects and holdings devoted to pre-Puritan English drama and the works ofDesiderius Erasmus.

Victoria College was founded as the Upper Canada Academy by theWesleyan Methodist Church. In 1831, a church committee decided to locate the academy on four acres (1.6 hectares) of land inCobourg, Ontario, east ofToronto, because of its central location in a large town and access by land and water. In 1836,Egerton Ryerson received aroyal charter for the institution fromKing William IV in England, while theUpper Canadian government was hesitant to provide a charter to a Methodist institution. This was the first charter ever granted by the British Government to aNonconformist body for an educational institution.^[6] The school officially opened to male and female students on October 12, 1836, withMatthew Richey as principal.^[10] Although the school taught a variety of liberal arts subjects, it also functioned as an unofficialMethodist seminary. In 1841, it was incorporated as Victoria College, named in honour ofQueen Victoria, and finally received a charter from the Upper Canadian Legislature.^[11]

Victoria University formed in 1884 with the merger of Victoria College andAlbert College in Belleville. In 1890, due to financial and geographic difficulties, Victoria University federated with the University of Toronto. In 1892, Victoria University moved from Cobourg to its current campus on Queen's Park Crescent, south ofBloor Street (at Charles Street West), in Toronto.

A plaque was erected at 100 University Avenue at the intersection with College Street inCobourg, Ontario.

Victoria CollegeThe cornerstone of this building was laid June 7, 1832, and teaching began in 1836. First operated under a royal charter by the Wesleyan Methodists as Upper Canada Academy, in 1841 it obtained a provincial charter under the name of Victoria College, giving it power to grant degrees. Victoria's first president was the Reverend Egerton Ryerson, newspaper editor and founder of Ontario's present educational system. In 1890 the college federated with theUniversity of Toronto and, in 1892, left Cobourg.

James Loudon, a former president of the federated universities, had prohibited dancing at the University of Toronto until 1896. However, dancing at Victoria was not officially permissible until thirty years later, in 1926.

King George V gifted to Victoria College a silver cup used byQueen Victoria when she was a child and theRoyal Standard that had flown atOsborne House and was draped on the coffin of the Queen when she died there in 1901.^[12]

Two bronze plaques on either side of the South door of Victoria College were erected as memorials dedicated to the students of Victoria College who lost their lives in the First and Second World Wars. The WWI list of honour was erected by the Alumni and Alumnae Associations on October 13, 1923, while the WWII list of honour was erected by the Board of Regents.^[13]

In 1928, the independent Union College federated with the theology department of Victoria College, and becameEmmanuel College.

On the Old Ontario Strand for piano by Joyce Belyea was published for the Victoria College Music Club between 1946 and 1948 by the J.H. Peel Music Pub. Co. in Toronto.^[14]

Victoria University bordersQueen's Park, northeast of theUniversity of Toronto's main campus alongsideSt. Michael's College. TheVictoria College Building, colloquially calledOld Vic, is an example ofRichardsonian Romanesque architectural style, built in 1891. The architect wasW. G. Storm, who died shortly after its completion. The campus is centred on the main quadrangle of Victoria, outlined by the Upper and Lower Houses ofBurwash Hall.

West of the Lower Houses is the new Lester B. Pearson Garden of Peace and International Understanding and the E.J. Pratt Library beyond it. From the eastern side of the building, the Upper Houses look out at Rowell Jackman Hall and the Lower Houses see theSt. Michael's College residence of Elmsley. The only exceptions are the view from Gate House's tower that looks down St. Mary's Street and the view from the south side of Bowles-Gandier house, which looks upon the main quadrangle of the University of St. Michael's College.

E.J. Pratt Library is the main library of Victoria University.^[15] It was built in 1961 and is located at the south end of the quadrangle. The site of the library and the adjacent Northrop Frye Building was originally on the route of Queen's Park Crescent. The road was pushed south intoQueen's Park to make way for the new buildings.^{[citation needed]}

Victoria College is well-known for its historic residence buildings and tight-knit residence community.

• Annesley Hall is the oldest residence building at Victoria College, built in 1903 and renovated in 1988. It is aNational Historic Site of Canada located across from the Royal Ontario Museum. Annesley Hall remains an all-female residence – the first university residence built specifically for women in Canada.^[16]

• 

  Burwash Hall was constructed in 1913, originally known as "the men's residences". It was named afterNathanael Burwash, a former president of Victoria. The building is an extravagantNeo-Gothic work withturrets,gargoyles, andbattlements. The building is divided between the large dining hall in the northwest and the student residence proper. The residence area is divided into two sections. The Upper Houses, built in 1913, consist of: North House, Middle House, Gate House, and South House. The Lower Houses were built in 1931 and were originally intended to house theology students at Emmanuel College, whose main building was opened the same year. First House, Nelles House, Caven House, Bowles-Gandier House are now mostly home to undergraduate Arts and Science students. Before the 1995 renovations, the entire building was male, but co-ed living was slowly introduced with Gate House being the last to convert in 2007.^[17]

  

• Margaret Addison Hall was built in 1959 as an extension of women's residence rooms. It converted to co-ed in the 1990s and features seven floors with communal washrooms.
• Rowell Jackman Hall is the newest of the residence buildings, constructed in 1993. It features an apartment-style residence with each room divided into four suites with a common area. Rowell Jackman Hall is named after Mary Rowell Jackman, whose sonHal Jackman made a substantial donation to the project. It stands just east ofBurwash Hall on Charles St. and is west ofSt. Michael's College's Loretto College. Before Rowell Jackman Hall was built, the site was home to a parking lot and the historic Stephenson House.
• Stephenson House was a community involvement residence at Victoria University from 1939–2010, but has since become defunct. The House hosted ten undergraduate students per year, self-governed and self-regulating with a separate application and selection process. It last functioned as a residence in the 2009–2010 academic year.

Victoria University is governed bicamerally by the Victoria University Board of Regents and the Victoria University Senate. These bodies are represented by faculty, administrators, elected students and alumni. The colleges are governed by the Victoria College Council and Emmanuel College Council. College councils are represented by faculty, administrators and elected and appointed students. Victoria's governing charter was most recently amended in 1981, with the enactment of the Victoria University Act.^[18]

Victoria is presently the wealthiest college at the University of Toronto by net assets. In part this has been because of alumni donations, but much of the growth is specifically due to the rapidly increasing value of Victoria's large real estate holdings in downtown Toronto.

The E.J. Pratt Library is the main library in the Victoria University Library system, which operates under the widerUniversity of Toronto Libraries system. The collection of approximately 250,000 volumes is geared towards the undergraduate programs at Vic and contains mainly humanities texts with a focus on History, English, Philosophy.^[15] The library also hosts rich archival special collections from notable alumni and faculty, historical figures, specific literary collections and Canadiana.^[19] The library also oversees Victoria University's institutional archives.^[20]

The Centre for Renaissance and Reformation Studies and its respective library collection are located within the E.J. Pratt Library. Its holdings fall into three main categories:rare books, most of which were printed before 1700 (currently about 4,000 titles), modern books and microforms (several thousand microfiches and reels). The library contains primary and secondary materials relating to virtually every aspect of the Renaissance andReformation. In particular, it houses theErasmus collection, one of the richest resources inNorth America for the study of works written or edited by the greatDutchhumanist Desiderius Erasmus ofRotterdam. The collection holds a substantial number of pre-1700 editions of his works, including theNovum Instrumentum of 1516.

Emmanuel College Library is the theological library of the Victoria University Library system, also operating under the widerUniversity of Toronto Libraries system. The library is noted for its beauty and is a frequented spot by theological and undergraduate students alike, hosting a sizable theological collection specializing in spiritual care, worship,homiletics,biblical studies, and the Methodist tradition, among others. Special collections and rare books in Emmanuel's collection are held and can be viewed at E.J. Pratt Library.^[21]

Campus life for Victoria students is active and varied. Victoria College has levy receivers, student organizations that directly receive a fixed amount of funding from students every year, as well as clubs whose funding are overseen by the Victoria University Students' Administrative Council (VUSAC). Prominent clubs includeThe Boundary (the college's satire paper),^[22] the Environmental Fashion Show, Vic Dance and the Victoria College Chorus.^[23]

Levy receivers are students groups with special status based on providing an essential service for student life, and levy heads are also assessor members in VUSAC. Victoria's eleven levy receivers are:^[24]

• Acta Victoriana, the college literary journal.
• Victoria College Drama Society (VCDS), which runs at least four shows per year^{[citation needed]} (a fall show, a winter show, a submission to the University of Toronto Drama Festival, and a musical)
• The Strand, Vic's student-run newspaper that is distributed fortnightly across the University of Toronto's downtown campus.
• Victoria College Athletics Association (VCAA), which provides students with a chance to participate and compete in intramural sports.
• The Cat's Eye, a student lounge in the Goldring Student Centre building that is often used to hold events.
• WUSC, which sponsors a student from a developing country to come to the University of Toronto.
• Caffiends, Vic's student-run fair trade organic cafe.
• VicPride!, an LGBTQ organization that strives to create a safe space at Victoria.
• Student Projects, a fund available to students to finance projects that will enrich student life.
• VicXposure, a photography group offering workshops, equipment rentals and darkroom use.
• VISA, the Victoria International Students Association.

Victoria is also home to theIsabel Bader Theatre, opened in March 2001. During the past few years the theatre has been used as a lecture hall for University of Toronto students, an active learning space for Victoria University students groups, numerous concerts, film screenings, conferences, and theatrical productions, including the annual sophomore tradition launched in 1872,The Bob Comedy Revue, each written, directed, produced and performed by students such asLester B. Pearson,Norman Jewison,E. J. Pratt,Northrop Frye, andMargaret Atwood.^[25]

The undergraduate academic programs of Victoria College include Literary Studies, Semiotics and Communication Theory, Renaissance Studies, and the Vic Concurrent Teacher Education Program (developed in conjunction with theOntario Institute for Studies in Education). Other academic offerings of note include the first-year undergraduate programs Vic One and Vic First Pathways.^[26]

The Vic One program, launched in 2003, is an academic opportunity for first-year students at theUniversity of Toronto to build communication and leadership skills in a small classroom setting.^[27] Applications typically open in December for any student who is applying to the University for enrolment in the following September.^[28] The Vic One program supplements a student's primary program of study in the form of weekly small group seminars and guest lectures from professors, visiting artists, writers, ambassadors and other public figures.^[29] Enrolment in each academic stream is limited to 25 students, with a maximum of 250 students in the program each year.^[28] The eight streams are:

1. Chambers (Commerce, Economics, & Policy) – Named for Margaret Chambers (Vic 3T8), founding member ofThe Co-operators.
2. Education (Education & Society) – Originally namedRyerson, for the first principal of Victoria College,Egerton Ryerson. The name of the program was changed in September 2019 due to Ryerson's involvement with the residential school system in Canada.
3. Frye (Literature & the Humanities) – Named for Victoria University principal, chancellor and student,Northrop Frye (Vic 3T3), a Canadian literary critic and theorist.
4. Gooch (Philosophy & Ethical Citizenship) – Named for Victoria University president, Paul W. Gooch, a Canadian philosopher and founding member of the Vic One program.
5. Jewison (Creative Arts & Society) – Named forNorman Jewison (Vic 4T9), a Canadian film director and producer.
6. Pearson (History, Politics & Social Sciences) – Named forLester B. Pearson (Vic 1T9), former Prime Minister of Canada.
7. Schawlow (Physical & Mathematical Sciences) – Named forArthur Leonard Schawlow (Vic 4T1), American physicist and Nobel Prize winner.
8. Stowe-Gullen (Life Sciences) – Named forAugusta Stowe-Gullen (Vic 1883), the first woman to graduate from a Canadian medical school.

The Centre for Renaissance and Reformation Studies (CRRS) is a research and teaching centre in Victoria University devoted to the study of the period from approximately 1350 to 1700. The CRRS supervises an undergraduate program inRenaissance Studies, organizes lectures and seminars, and maintains an active series of publications. The centre also offersundergraduate,graduate, andpostdoctoral fellowships. From 1976 to 2009, the performance history research and publishing projectRecords of Early English Drama (REED) was based at Victoria University.

ThroughEmmanuel College, Victoria University also offers theological postgraduate options in the ecumenical tradition of theUnited Church of Canada, which are developed in close conjunction with the widerToronto School of Theology. The most popular offering at Emmanuel is theMaster of Divinity, which is undertaken by prospective ordinands to ministry of Word and Sacrament. Other offerings at Emmanuel include master's degrees in pastoral studies, sacred music, general theological studies, and more. Doctoral study in theological studies is also offered.^[30]

The Board of Regents is the governing body of Victoria University. The Board appoints the Chancellor, the President, the College Principals, the officers of the University, and appoints and promotes the teaching staff of Victoria and Emmanuel Colleges.^[31]

The 37 members of the Board of Regents include students (6), faculty (8), Victoria College alumni (1), Emmanuel College alumni (2), United Church appointees (13), ex-officio (4) and discretionary (3).^[31]

• 
  Margaret Atwood
• 
  Donald Sutherland
• 
  E. J. Pratt
• 
  Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga

• Royal eponyms in Canada

• Martin L. FriedlandThe University of Toronto: A History (Toronto: University of Toronto Press © 2002)
• Neil SempleFaithful Intellect: Samuel S. Nelles And Victoria University (Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, September 1, 2004)
• C. B. SissonsA History of Victoria University. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1952.

Wikimedia Commons has media related toVictoria University, Toronto.

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• Official website
• Archival papers of William James Callahan, President of Victoria College (1991–2000), held at theUniversity of Toronto Archives and Records Management Services

• Colleges of the University of Toronto
• Universities and colleges established in 1836
• Romanesque Revival architecture in Canada
• Cobourg
• 1836 establishments in the British Empire

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