Victoria Bandar Labuan | |
|---|---|
 Labuan Financial Park in Victoria, Labuan | |
  Victoria Location in Borneo | |
| Coordinates:5°17′N115°14′E / 5.283°N 115.233°E /5.283; 115.233 | |
| Country | Malaysia |
| Federal territory | Labuan |
| Established | 1946 |
| Population | |
• Total | 97,500 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (MST) |
| Postcode | 87xxx |
| Area code | 087 |
Victoria (Malaysian:[vikˈtɔriˈa]) (Malay:Bandar Victoria), sometimes known asBandar Labuan or simplyLabuan, is the capital of theFederal Territory ofLabuan inMalaysia, an island group off the north coast ofBorneo. It is in the southeast corner of Labuan and its Malay name,Bandar Victoria, is commonly used to honour the reign ofQueen Victoria.[1][2][3][4][5]
The town is an urban district within the wider city limits of Victoria which includes Labuan Port, a sheltered deep-water harbour which is an important trans-shipment point forBrunei Darussalam, northernSarawak and westernSabah. The town’s political boundaries extend from Financial Park in the south to Kerupang in the north. The majority of commercial areas are situated in the southwest, with Financial Park located within older residential zones.[citation needed] The rest of region predominantly features older housing, with some affluent residences situated near the Labuan Golf Club. Unclaimed land and forested areas remain, particularly in the southern part of the school zone, which was formerly a small village.[citation needed] Forested and bushed areas present near Labuan Paragon (AZ Hotel & Serviced Apartment) and UTC (Labuan Central Market), which are currently undergoing deforestation,[6] and additionally several forested and bushed areas scattered in the northeast of the Financial Park.[citation needed]
Victoria was named afterQueen Victoria, who was the queen of theBritish Empire andBritish Malaya from 20 June 1837 to 22 January 1901.
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Since the 15th century, the town area including other parts of Labuan were under theBruneian Empire.[1][7][8] Its history dates back to the time when the island was ceded by SultanOmar Ali Saifuddin II to the British.[1][9][10]Rodney Mundy, a British naval officer, later visited the island in the name ofQueen Victoria.[1][11][3] The island was thenoccupied byJapan from 3 January 1942 until June 1945 and governed as part of the Northern Borneo military unit by theJapanese 37th Army.[1][12] During theBattle of Labuan it was liberated by the9th Division ofAustralian Imperial Force on 10 June 1945 and placed under aBritish Military Administration until 15 July 1946, when it was incorporated into theNorth Borneo Crown Colony.[1] During this time, the Crown Colony government re-established much of the infrastructure that had been destroyed during the war.[13][14] The island later became part of the state ofSabah and Malaysia in 1963 before the stategovernment of Sabah ceded the island to thefederal government in 1984.[1] It was declared an internationaloffshore financial centre andfree trade zone in 1990 to assist the development of Victoria.[1][15]
The major products produced on Labuan and exported through Labuan Port includecopra, rubber andsago.[16] The port is on a natural deep-water bay where large vessels can anchor as it is sheltered from typhoons. Vessels received include containers, bulk, and general cargoes. The main jetty is 244 metres long with an alongside depth of 8.5 metres and it can accommodate vessels to 16,000 DWT. The wharf has four berths. There are about 15,600 m² available in open storage, two warehouses and a container yard. A 10,000 m² yard and warehouses are available outside the port. Its capacity is 100,000TEUs of containerised cargo per annum. Five private jetties are installed: the Shell Jetty that specialises in petroleum; the Iron Ore Jetty; the Methanol Jetty; and two offshore wheat and maize jetties called the Asian Supply Base Jetty and the Sabah Flour Mill Jetty.[16]
Victoria's Financial Park along Jalan Merdeka houses offshore teams of international banks, insurance and trust companies. Victoria is an offshore support hub for deepwater oil and gas activities in the region. In 2025, Victoria had a population of over 97,500 with nearly half of those coming from elsewhere in Malaysia and from Brunei Darussalam. It has a 1,500-seatconvention hall adjoining a large shopping mall; these form a modern complex which enhances Victoria's status amongInternational Offshore Financial Centres.
Victoria, Labuan features atropical rainforest climate (Af), which is true for virtually all of Malaysia due to its close proximity to the equator, with constantly high temperatures and abundant rainfall over the course of the year. Like all cities and town with this climate, there is no dry season and the temperature in the city averages 27.8 °C (82.0 °F), while the average annual rainfall is 3,413 millimetres (134.4 in).
| Climate data for Victoria | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30.0 (86.0) | 30.0 (86.0) | 30.9 (87.6) | 31.6 (88.9) | 31.6 (88.9) | 31.4 (88.5) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.0 (87.8) | 31.0 (87.8) | 30.6 (87.1) | 30.4 (86.7) | 30.3 (86.5) | 30.8 (87.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 27.3 (81.1) | 27.3 (81.1) | 27.8 (82.0) | 28.3 (82.9) | 28.4 (83.1) | 28.3 (82.9) | 27.9 (82.2) | 27.9 (82.2) | 27.8 (82.0) | 27.5 (81.5) | 27.4 (81.3) | 27.4 (81.3) | 27.8 (82.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 24.6 (76.3) | 24.6 (76.3) | 24.8 (76.6) | 25.1 (77.2) | 25.3 (77.5) | 25.2 (77.4) | 24.8 (76.6) | 24.8 (76.6) | 24.6 (76.3) | 24.5 (76.1) | 24.5 (76.1) | 24.6 (76.3) | 24.8 (76.6) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 257 (10.1) | 123 (4.8) | 166 (6.5) | 217 (8.5) | 308 (12.1) | 275 (10.8) | 285 (11.2) | 314 (12.4) | 376 (14.8) | 387 (15.2) | 401 (15.8) | 304 (12.0) | 3,413 (134.2) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org[17] | |||||||||||||
Victoria currently has onesister city:
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link){{cite book}}:|work= ignored (help){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)Labuan was declared as an International Offshore Financial Centre (IOFC) in October 1990 to complement the activities of the domestic financial market inKuala Lumpur, strengthen the contribution of financial services toGross National Products of Malaysia as well as develop the island and areas within its vicinity.
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