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Vesicular acetylcholine transporter

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
SLC18A3
Identifiers
AliasesSLC18A3, VACHT, solute carrier family 18 member A3, CMS21
External IDsOMIM:600336;MGI:1101061;HomoloGene:11022;GeneCards:SLC18A3;OMA:SLC18A3 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chromosome 10 (human)
Chr.Chromosome 10 (human)[1]
Chromosome 10 (human)
Genomic location for SLC18A3
Genomic location for SLC18A3
Band10q11.23Start49,610,310bp[1]
End49,612,720bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse)
Chromosome 14 (mouse)
Chr.Chromosome 14 (mouse)[2]
Chromosome 14 (mouse)
Genomic location for SLC18A3
Genomic location for SLC18A3
Band14 B|14 19.4 cMStart32,184,395bp[2]
End32,186,807bp[2]
RNA expression pattern
Bgee
HumanMouse (ortholog)
Top expressed in
  • gonad

  • putamen

  • caudate nucleus

  • placenta

  • muscle layer of sigmoid colon

  • nucleus accumbens

  • hypothalamus

  • C1 segment

  • muscle tissue

  • pituitary gland
Top expressed in
  • lumbar subsegment of spinal cord

  • facial motor nucleus

  • anterior horn of spinal cord

  • habenula

  • neural tube

  • embryo

  • superior frontal gyrus

  • basal plate

  • embryo

  • neural layer of retina
More reference expression data
BioGPS
n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function
Cellular component
Biological process
Sources:Amigo /QuickGO
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

6572

20508

Ensembl

ENSG00000187714

ENSMUSG00000100241

UniProt

Q16572

O35304
Q3TYJ1

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_003055

NM_021712

RefSeq (protein)

NP_003046

NP_068358

Location (UCSC)Chr 10: 49.61 – 49.61 MbChr 14: 32.18 – 32.19 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

TheVesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) is aneurotransmitter transporter which is responsible for loadingacetylcholine (ACh) intosecretory organelles inneurons making acetylcholine available for secretion.[5][6] It is encoded bySolute carrier family 18, member 3 (SLC18A3)gene, located within the firstintron of thecholine acetyltransferase gene. VAChT is able to transport ACh into vesicles by relying on an exchange betweenprotons (H+) that were previously pumped into the vesicle diffusing out, thus acting as anantiporter. ACh molecules are then carried into the vesicle by the action of exiting protons.[7] Acetylcholine transport utilizes a proton gradient established by avacuolar ATPase.

VAChT uptake inhibitors

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Radiolabeled compounds

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PET imaging of the VAChT may provide insights into early diagnosis ofAlzheimer's disease.

  • (−)-trans-2-Hydroxy-3-(4-(4-[18F]fluorobenzoyl)piperidino)tetralin; racemate:Ki = 2.70 nM for VAChT, 191 nM forσ1, and 251 nM for σ2[8]

References

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  1. ^abcGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000187714 –Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^abcGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000100241 –Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^"Human PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^"Mouse PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^Erickson JD, Varoqui H (Dec 2000)."Molecular analysis of vesicular amine transporter function and targeting to secretory organelles".FASEB Journal.14 (15):2450–8.doi:10.1096/fj.00-0206rev.PMID 11099462.S2CID 15305436.
  6. ^Weihe E, Tao-Cheng JH, Schäfer MK, Erickson JD, Eiden LE (Apr 1996)."Visualization of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter in cholinergic nerve terminals and its targeting to a specific population of small synaptic vesicles".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.93 (8):3547–52.Bibcode:1996PNAS...93.3547W.doi:10.1073/pnas.93.8.3547.PMC 39647.PMID 8622973.
  7. ^Waymire J."Storage of ACh". University of Texas Medical Center.
  8. ^Tu Z, Efange SM, Xu J, Li S, Jones LA, Parsons SM, Mach RH (Mar 2009)."Synthesis and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of 18F-labeled positron emission tomography (PET) ligands for imaging the vesicular acetylcholine transporter".Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.52 (5):1358–69.doi:10.1021/jm8012344.PMC 2765529.PMID 19203271.

Further reading

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External links

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By group
SLC1–10
(1):
(2):
(3):
(4):
(5):
(6):
(7):
(8):
(9):
(10):
SLC11–20
(11):
(12):
(13):
(14):
(15):
(16):
(17):
(18):
(19):
(20):
SLC21–30
(21):
(22):
(23):
(24):
(25):
(26):
(27):
(28):
(29):
(30):
SLC31–40
(31):
(32):
(33):
(34):
(35):
(36):
(37):
(38):
(39):
(40):
SLC41–48
(41):
(42):
(43):
(44):
(45):
(46):
(47):
(48):
SLCO1–4
Symporter,Cotransporter
Antiporter (exchanger)
Vesicular
Other
Enzyme
(modulators)
ChATTooltip Choline acetyltransferase
AChETooltip Acetylcholinesterase
BChETooltip Butyrylcholinesterase
Transporter
(modulators)
CHTTooltip Choline transporter
VAChTTooltip Vesicular acetylcholine transporter
Release
(modulators)
Inhibitors
Enhancers


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