Verismo (meaning "realism", from Italianvero, meaning "true") was a 19th-century Italianpainting style, or group of styles, related to the contemporary movements using the same name inItalian literature andopera. It may reflect either or both "realist", unglamorous, subject matter, or a style of usually rather loose brushwork, anticipating later painting. Though the term originated in the 1860s to describe painting, it became more widely used to describe literature and opera, where it mostly meantsocial realism, showing the lives of poor people in an un-romanticised way, especially (in literature) in backwardSicily.[1]
In painting the Italianverismo movement was part of a wider European trend ofRealism (often called "Naturalism" in some countries), and practiced most characteristically by the "Macchiaioli" group of painters, who emerged in the 1850s and can be considered forerunners of the FrenchImpressionists. Contemporary art historians often try to distinguish the different elements by calling the choice of mundane, social realist, subject matter "realism", and the relaxed, even loose, technique "naturalism".[2]
The term "verism" may sometimes be used in English,[3] but this more often refers to the "warts and all" realism of some AncientRoman portrait sculpture, or to a very precise finish in 20th-century painting, approachingphotorealism.
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