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Vanraj Bhatia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Indian music composer (1927–2021)

Vanraj Bhatia
Bhatia in Mumbai, c. 2015
Born(1927-05-31)31 May 1927
Died5 May 2021(2021-05-05) (aged 93)

Vanraj Bhatia (Hindi: वनराज भाटिया/vənˈrɑːjbhɑːtiɑː/vun-RAHJBHAH-tiah; 31 May 1927 – 7 May 2021) was an Indian composer best known for his work inIndian New Wave cinema.[1] He was also one of the leading composers ofWestern classical music in India.

Bhatia was a recipient of theNational Film Award for Best Music Direction for the television filmTamas (1988), theSangeet Natak Akademi Award for Creative and Experimental Music (1989) and India's fourth-highest civilian honour, thePadma Shri (2012). He died in Mumbai in May 2021.[2]

Biography

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Early life and education

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Born into a family of Kutchi businessmen, Bhatia attended the New Era School in Bombay and learntHindustani classical music as a student at Deodhar School of Music.[3] On hearingTchaikovsky'sPiano Concerto No. 1 as a teenager, he became interested in Western classical music and studied the piano with Dr. Manek Bhagat for four years.[4]

After earning his M.A. (English Honours) fromElphinstone College,University of Bombay in 1949, Bhatia studied composition withHoward Ferguson,Alan Bush andWilliam Alwyn at theRoyal Academy of Music, London, where he was a recipient of the Sir Michael Costa Scholarship (1951–54). After graduating with a gold medal in 1954, Bhatia won a Rockefeller Scholarship (1954–58)[5] as well as a French Government Scholarship (1957–58) that allowed him to study withNadia Boulanger at theConservatoire de Paris for five years.

Career

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On returning to India in 1959, Bhatia became the first person to score music for an advertisement film in India (for Shakti Silk Sarees), and went on to compose over 7,000 jingles, such asLiril,[6]Garden Vareli[7] andDulux. During this time, he was also a Reader in Western Musicology at theUniversity of Delhi from 1960 to 1965.

Bhatia's first feature film score was forShyam Benegal's directorial debutAnkur (1974), and he went on to score almost all of Benegal's work, including the song "Mero Gaam Katha Parey" from the filmManthan (1976). Bhatia predominantly worked with filmmakers in theIndian New Wave movement, such asGovind Nihalani (Tamas, which won Bhatia aNational Film Award for Best Music Direction),Kundan Shah (Jaane Bhi Do Yaaro),Aparna Sen (36 Chowringhee Lane),Saeed Akhtar Mirza (Mohan Joshi Haazir Ho!),Kumar Shahani (Tarang),Vidhu Vinod Chopra (Khamosh),Vijaya Mehta(Pestonjee) andPrakash Jha (Hip Hip Hurray).

Bhatia has scored television shows such as the medical dramaLifeline,Khandaan,Yatra,Wagle Ki Duniya,Banegi Apni Baat and the 53-episodeBharat Ek Khoj based onJawaharlal Nehru'sThe Discovery of India, as well as numerous documentaries. He has also released albums of spiritual music on the Music Today label, and composed music for trade fairs such asExpo '70, Osaka and Asia 1972, New Delhi.

Bhatia is the best-known composer of Western classical music in India. His most frequently performed works are theFantasia and Fugue in C for piano, theSinfonia Concertante for strings, and the song cycleSix Seasons. HisReverie was performed byYo-Yo Ma at a concert in Mumbai in January 2019,[8] and the first two acts of his operaAgni Varsha, based onGirish Karnad's play of the same name, premiered in New York City in 2012 in a production by soprano Judith Kellock.[9]

Death

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Bhatia died on May 7, 2021, at his home in Mumbai, due to old age.

List of compositions[10]

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Music for solo piano

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  • Toccata No. 1 in Raag Bahar (c. 1950s)
  • Sonata (1952)
  • Introduction and Retrograde (1959)
  • Fantasia and Fugue in C (1999)
  • Rhapsody on "Agni Varsha" (2007)
  • Gujarati Nursery (2010)

Chamber music

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  • Trio for clarinet, cello and piano (c. 1950s)
  • Quintet for flute, harp, viola and two cellos (c. 1950s)
  • Divertimento for bassoon and piano (1951)
  • Sonata for violin and piano (1954)
  • Indian Nursery: Pieces for piano four hands (1956)
  • Sonatina for violin and piano (1956)
  • Divertimento Pastoral for flute, oboe, two clarinets and bassoon (1957)
  • Sangeet Raat: Night Music for solo flute (1964)
  • Cyclic Variations for cello and harpsichord (1965)
  • Kaleidoscope for prepared piano and string quartet (1965)
  • Kaleidoscope for violin, viola, cello and piano (2002)
  • Reverie for cello and piano (2014)
  • Spring: An Awakening for string quartet (2018)

Vocal music

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  • Dhoon for voice and piano (c. 1950s)
  • Kinguri-Vali for soprano, violin and piano (1960)
  • Rudranaam for triple chorus (1973)
  • Jaisalmer for unaccompanied chorus (1977)
  • Vasansi Jeernani for triple chorus (1981)
  • Six Seasons for unaccompanied chorus (1989)
  • Tantra: Meditations for voice and piano (1994)
  • Transcendence for double chorus (2002)
  • Rig Veda Hymns for double chorus (2003)
  • Six Seasons for soprano and piano (2009)

Music for large ensemble

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  • Gita Govinda for orchestra (1954)
  • Concerto in One Movement for piano and strings (1955)
  • Sinfonia Concertante for strings (2001)

Opera

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  • Agni Varsha (2017)

Feature film scores

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Television scores

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Documentary scores (selected)

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Theatre music

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Albums

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  • Preeti Sagar –"Spring Is Coming"/”All Night and Day" (1976)
  • Hi! Ho! (1986)
  • Music for Meditation (1993)
  • Cinema Cinema (1995) – only one song
  • The Elements: Earth (1995)
  • The Bhagavad Gita, Vols. 1 & 2 (1996)
  • Anant: The Endless (2001), re-released asThe Spirit of the Upanishads (2007)
  • Ritika Sahni –Ritika (2001)
  • India Unlimited: The United World of Artistes (2000), re-released as Vaishnava Jana To (2005) – only one song
  • Tiranga Tera Aanchal (2005)

Awards

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References

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  1. ^"Legendary composer Vanraj Bhatia passes away; Hansal Mehta mourns the loss".The Times of India. 7 May 2021. Retrieved7 May 2021.
  2. ^"National award-winning veteran music composer Vanraj Bhatia passes away at 94".The Economic Times. 7 May 2021. Retrieved7 May 2021.
  3. ^"Vanraj Bhatia",Serenade, 22 March 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  4. ^"Vanraj Bhatia", Serenade, 22 March 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  5. ^Greg Booth,"The Vanraj Bhatia interview: ‘My music was unique then and is perhaps unique even now’", Scroll, 1 March 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  6. ^"Liril Commericial [sic] (OLD- 1985 )".www.youtube.com. Retrieved1 April 2020.
  7. ^"Garden Vareli TV Advertisement - Music: Vanraj Bhatia".www.youtube.com. Retrieved1 April 2020.
  8. ^The Bach Project Mumbai Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  9. ^Judith Kellock obituary at the Cornell University website. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  10. ^Rachel Woolf,Uncovering Aspects of Western And Indian Music in Vanraj Bhatia's Night Music For Solo Flute, And Selected Other Works, pp. 96-100. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  11. ^"Production of Cyrano de Bergerac | Theatricalia".theatricalia.com. Retrieved1 April 2020.
  12. ^"Past Winners". University of Massachusetts, Boston. Archived fromthe original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved26 July 2013.

External links

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Recipients ofPadma Shri in Art
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