AVan Dyke (sometimes spelledVandyke,[1] orVan Dyck[2]) is a style offacial hair named after the 17th-century Flemish painterAnthony van Dyck (1599–1641).[3][4] The artist's name is today normally spelt as "van Dyck", though there are many variants, but when the term for the beard became popular "Van Dyke" was more common in English. A Van Dyke specifically consists of any growth of both amoustache andgoatee with all hair on the cheeks shaved.[3] Even this particular style, though, has many variants, including a curled moustache versus a non-curled one and asoul patch versus none. The style is sometimes called a "Charlie" after KingCharles I of England, who was painted with this type of beard by van Dyck.[5] "Pike-devant" or "pickedevant" are other little-known synonyms for a Van Dyke beard.[6]
This style of beard was popular in Europe in the 17th century.[7] It died out in Britain with theRestoration, when French styles and wigs became popular. The Van Dyke beard style is named after the 17th-century Flemish painter Anthony van Dyck.[3] For some time after, however, some men, known as "vow-beards", continued to wear them, vowing to wear them until the King did so again.[8] It became popular in the United States in the 19th century. Columnist Edith Sessions Tupper, of theChicago Chronicle (1895–1908), condemned this style, along with thegoatee, as indicative of a man "who was selfish, sinister, and pompous as a peacock."[4]
The style was worn by van Dyck himself and by many of the sitters for his portraits, including KingCharles I of England.[3] The RussianMarxist revolutionaryVladimir Lenin also wore a Van Dyke. The Van Dyke had a revival in the 19th century[citation needed] and was worn by several well-known figures, includingGeneral Custer (among other styles) and the actorMonty Woolley.Colonel Sanders would also qualify as having a Van Dyke.
Jonathan Hyde wore a Van Dyke when playing Van Pelt, abig game hunter, inJumanji. TheTV version of Jumanji featured its version of Van Pelt wearing a Van Dyke as well.
John Hurt wore a Van Dyke when playing theWar Doctor on theDoctor Who episodesThe Night of the Doctor andThe Day of the Doctor.
Guy Fawkes, member of theGunpowder Plot at the beginning of the 17th century, had a Van Dyke beard around the time period the namesake van Dyck was born; his face is still shown in public today by various movements via the stylisedGuy Fawkes mask.
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Media related toVan Dyke beards at Wikimedia Commons